The Kanchanjunga Apartments in Mumbai designed by Charles Correa utilize natural ventilation strategies to address the tropical climate. The 32 luxury apartments are oriented east-west to catch sea breezes and have double-height terraced gardens on the corners that serve as modern interpretations of traditional Indian verandas. Key features include cross ventilation enabled by open floor plans, terraced gardens providing protection from sun and rain like verandas, and best views of the Arabian Sea and harbor.

1. NATURAL VENTILATION
CASE STUDY
KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENT
ARCHITECT: CHARLES CORREA
NAME: PRAJAKTA PATIL
CLASS : T.Y.B. ARCH. BATCH: B
SUBJECT : BUILDING SERVICES III

2. OVERVIEW
o LOCATION
o INTRODUCTION
o ORIENTATION OF BUILDING
o MATERIAL AND COLOURS
o KEY FEATURES OF BUILDING
o PATHWAY STUDY
o SUN DIRECTION, SHAWDOW ANALYSIS AND WIND FLOW
o PLANS OF DIFFERENT BLOCKS
o SECTIONS AND ELEVATIONS

3. LOCATION
DR GOPALRAO DESHMUKH
ROAD,CUMBALLA HILLS
BOMBAY, MAHARASTRA
INDIA

4. INTRODUCTION
o By developing climatic solutions for different sites and programs,
Indian architect Charles Correa designed the Kanchanjunga
Apartments. Located in Mumbai, the U.S. equivalent of New York
City in terms of population and diversity, the 32 luxury apartments
are located south-west of downtown in an upscale suburban setting
embodying the characteristics of the upper echelon of society within
the community.
o Building Type: Skyscraper Housing.
o Style: Modern

5. ORIENTATION OF
BUILDING
o In Mumbai, a building has to be
oriented east-west to catch prevailing
sea breezes and to open up the best
views of the city. Unfortunately, these
are also the directions of the hot sun
and the heavy monsoon rains.
o The old bungalows solved these
problems by wrapping a protective
layer of verandas around the main
living areas, thus providing the
occupants with two lines of defense
against the elements..

6. MATERIAL AND
COLOUR
o Warm color is used in the terrace garden of
kanchanjunga.
o Warm colors make space look bigger, more
open and inviting.
o Predominance of red and yellow colours in
building.

7. o In this figure, you can clearly see a sufficient amount of natural light is coming inside the
house.
o This building has 32 different apartments with 4 types of flats varying from 3 to 6 bedrooms.
o Interlocking of these variations expressed externally by shear end walls that hold up the
cantilevers
o Minimalist surfaces cut away to open up double-height terrace gardens at the corners
o Complex spatial organization of living spaces
o Superficially, this 28-story tower, with its concrete construction and large areas of white panels,
bears a strong resemblance to modern apartment buildings in the West.

8. o The concrete construction and large
areas of white panels bears a strong
resemblance to modern apartment
buildings in the West, perhaps due
to Correa's western education.
However, the garden terraces of the
Kanchanjunga Apartments are
actually a modern interpretation of
a feature of the traditional Indian
bungalow: the veranda.

9. KEY FEATURES OF
BUILDING
o Climate: Tropical wet & Dry
o Site and situation: City landscape surrounded by mid-rise and high-rise
structures.
o Prevailing wind direction: From southwest and northwest
o The apartment himself is a direct response to the present society, the
escalating urbanization, and the climatic conditions for the region.
o Well ventilated and appear to suit the contemporary life style.
o One and two floor height terrace gardens in each flat alike to the protective
verandas in bungalow.
o The typical open floor plans with double heighted living room for cross-
ventilation.
o Best views of Arabian Sea on west just 450 m away and the harbour on the
east.

10. PATHWAY STUDY

13. FIGURE: Shadow analysis, sun path and yearly prevailing wind (March and April avail northwest
prevailing wind whereas May and June avail southwest.

15. FIGURE: DIFFERENT TYPES OF FLAT IN KANCHANJUNGA APARTMENT
o The following criteria were used for selection of the rooms to be simulated
o The highest solar gain receiving rooms are selected. The rooms, which are used most of the time by the
occupants.
o To check the variation in airflow rate with respect to height, the living and dining space and North west
bed room (receive high solar gain) of ground floor, 12th floor and 24th floor
o To check the variation in airflow rates according to change in orientation, both the living and dining space
in each flats on ground floor, 12th floor and 24th floor (since two flats in one floor are facing opposite to
each other)
o Southeast bedroom on upper floors such as 1st, 4th, 7th, 10th, 13th, 16th, 19th, 22nd and 25th.

16. VENTILATION STRATERGIES FOR DIFFERENT TYPES OF BLOCKS

17. PLAN TYPE A AND B

18. PLAN TYPE C AND D

19. SECTION THROUGH FLAT C AND B

20. ELEVATIONS

21. THANK
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