ARRAY

1. ARRAY IN C++
-VARSHAA.M
MAHESHA.V

2. • An array is a group of consective memory
locations with same name and data type.
• Simple variable is a single memory location with
unique name and a type. But an Array is collection
of different adjacent memory locations. All these
memory locations have one collective name and
type.
• The memory locations in the array are known as
elements of array. The total number of elements in
the array is called length.
• The elements of array is accessed with reference
to its position in array, that is call index or
subscript.
WHAT IS ARRAY?

3. DECLARATION OF AN
ARRAY:
Like a regular variable, an array must be declared
before it is used. A typical declaration for an array
in Visual C++ is:
type name [elements];
 type is a valid type (like int, float...)
 name is a valid identifier
 elements field (which is always enclosed in
square brackets []), specifies how many of these
elements the array has to contain.

4. EXPLANATION:
INT NUM[6]
size of the
array
Base name of
type array

5. ADVANTAGES OF ARRAY:
Arrays can store a large number of value
with single name.
Arrays are used to process many value
easily and quickly.
The values stored in an array can be sorted
easily.
The search process can be applied on
arrays easily.

6. EG. PROGRAM:

7. TYPES OF ARRAY:
Single dimensional array
Two dimensional array
Multi dimensional array

8. ONE DIMENSIONAL ARRAY:
A one dimensional array is one in which one
subscript /indices specification is needed to
specify a particular element of array
Declaration :
Data_type array_name [size of array ];
Eg:
Int num[10];

9. EXAMPLE PROGRAM:

10. MEMORY REPRESENTATION:
num[0] num[1] num[2] num[3] num[4] num[5] num[6] num[7] num[8] num[9]
2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018
starting Address of location
Totalmemoryinbytesthatanarray is occupied:
Size of array=size of array*size of(base type)
Hear,
10*2=20
39 56 23 98 6 56 9 2 54 67

11. TWO DIMENSIONAL ARRAY:
A 2-d array is an array in which each element is
itself an array
i.e int num[4][3]
0 1 2
0
1
2
3
No of
rows
No
of
colu
mns
No of element in
2-D array =M*N
Num [2][1]

12. EXAMPLE PROGRAM:

13. MEMORY REPRESENTATION:
Total bytes= no of rows*no of columns*size of(base type)
Memory reprsentation in 2-D array:
char A [2][3]
A[0][0] A[0][1] A[0][2] A[1][0] A[1][1] A[1][2]
5001 5002 5003 5004 5005 5006

14. MULTI DIMENSIONAL ARRAY:
An array with dimensions more than two
.The maximum limit of array is compiler
dependent
Declaration:
Data_type name [a][b][c][d][e][f]…….[n];
Array of 3 or more dimensional are not often
use because of huge memory requirement
and complexity involved

15. EXAMPLE PROGRAMS:

16. ARRAY INITIALIZATION:
C++ provides the facility of array initialization at the time of
declaration .General form of array initialization is as:
Type array_name[size 1]…..[size N] ={vale list};
Eg:
Int days_month[12]={31,25,29,03,31,19,20,31,18,20,31,29};
Char string[6]={‘a’,’r’,’g’,’y’,’d’,’0’};
2-D array are also initialized in same way as linear array
Int cube[4][2]={ 1,3,
4,6,
9,37,
5,78
};

17. UNSIZED ARRAY INITIALIZATION:
C++ allowed you to skip the size of array in an array
initialization statement C++ automatically create an array
big enough to hold all the initializers present
Char S1[] =“ first string ”;
you skip the size, you must give list of initializers so that
C++ can calculate the size of array
Int val []={3,5,6,2,8,9,6,4};
Int cube [] [2] ={ 1,3,
67,7,
6,87,
};

18. STRING AS ARRAY:
C++ does not have a String data type ,it
impairments string as 1-D character Arrray
.A string as a character array is terminate
by a null character ‘0’
Char str 1 [11];
Char square [][]={ ‘first string’,
‘second string’,
‘third string’
};

19. SORTING ARRAYS:
Sorting is a process of arranging
the value of array in a particular
order. An array can be sorted in
two order.
oAscending Order
oDescending Order

20. THANK YOU