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Risk Management
Controllo Finanziario
Dick Lam
Agenda
1. Financial body check-up
2. Re-identification of core competence
3. Risk management: A/R
5. Risk management: Cash
6. Risk management: People
7. In-depth meaning on Risk Management
4. Risk management: Production & Inventory
Agenda
1. Financial body check-up
2. Re-identification of core competence
3. Risk management: A/R
4. Risk management: Production & Inventory
5. Risk management: Cash
6. Risk management: People
7. In-depth meaning on Risk Management
NOW
Know the Present,
Know what you “really” have
Balance Sheet
Flow
Flow
LiabilitiesAssets
Fixed Surplus
Long term
Capital
Equity
At a particular time
•Turnover
•Cost of sales
•Gross margin
•Management
costs
•Operating profit
•Finance costs
•Profit before tax
•Income tax
•Profit after tax
•Dividends
•Retained profits
current year
Balance Sheet
Equilibrium
point
Flow
Assets
Fixed Surplus
Flow
Long term
Liabilities
Capital
Equity
Balance Sheet
Flow
AssetsAssets
• Bank
balances
• Accounts
Receivable
• Stock
Investment
Fixed • Equipment
• Factory
building
• Goodwill
Balance Sheet
AssetsAssets
• Assets at any time
• Value-added or
shrink
How much do I actually
CONTROLLED ?
Flow
Fixed
• Bank
balances
• Accounts
Receivable
• Stock
• Equipment
• Factory
building
• Goodwill
InvestmentInvestment
Value of Assets
Rules of Game ?
market price
How to report Asset Value?
– If long term, at cost
– If short term, at market value
– Who knows your intention?
fair value
Operation, Investment & Arbitration
How much do i control?
What portion of my funding has been put in?
Controllable Cash Value
Cash value can be controlled
Prudent pessimism as attitude
measuring the value of existing assets
Inventory
Finished Goods F/G
Raw Material R/M
Investment
historical value
net realizable value
usable value
Semi-Finished product
WIM (Work-In-Progress)
PAST
History is a mirror
and a learning
history
Profit & Loss A/C
Turnover
Cost of sales
Gross margin
Operating Profit
Finance cost
Profit after tax
Income tax
Yearly retained profits
For a period of times
Cost of sales
Management costs
Profit before tax
Dividend
Profit & Loss A/C
Turnover
Overall company performance
Cost of sales
Cost of sales
Gross margin
Cost accounting
Product P/L
A Paradox of Pricing Formula
• Price = Unit Cost + Mark-up %
• Cost: Variable Cost, Fixed cost
• Variable Cost: more output, fixed unit
• Fixed Cost: Lump Sum / Output
– more output, less unit cost
– less output, more unit cost
Solution: Convert fixed cost to variable cost
as far as possible
Product analysis
By each product type,
changes in
– Quantity
– unit price
core competence
– cost elements wastage
Wastage is allowed (not aware of) when time is good
What big enterprises do
• cut unnecessary expenses
• freeze salary
• Layoff redundancy
• Disposal
The third report
Cash Flow Statement
PROFIT CASH
=====
The Future
Cash Flow Statement
Forecast
credit
Alert!!
• Key Performance Indicators
– The higher the index, the better the
performance
• Key Risk Indicators
– The lower the index, the more secured the
business

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Risk management - Controllo finanziario

  • 2. Agenda 1. Financial body check-up 2. Re-identification of core competence 3. Risk management: A/R 5. Risk management: Cash 6. Risk management: People 7. In-depth meaning on Risk Management 4. Risk management: Production & Inventory
  • 3. Agenda 1. Financial body check-up 2. Re-identification of core competence 3. Risk management: A/R 4. Risk management: Production & Inventory 5. Risk management: Cash 6. Risk management: People 7. In-depth meaning on Risk Management
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6. NOW Know the Present, Know what you “really” have
  • 7. Balance Sheet Flow Flow LiabilitiesAssets Fixed Surplus Long term Capital Equity At a particular time •Turnover •Cost of sales •Gross margin •Management costs •Operating profit •Finance costs •Profit before tax •Income tax •Profit after tax •Dividends •Retained profits current year
  • 9. Balance Sheet Flow AssetsAssets • Bank balances • Accounts Receivable • Stock Investment Fixed • Equipment • Factory building • Goodwill
  • 10. Balance Sheet AssetsAssets • Assets at any time • Value-added or shrink How much do I actually CONTROLLED ? Flow Fixed • Bank balances • Accounts Receivable • Stock • Equipment • Factory building • Goodwill InvestmentInvestment
  • 11. Value of Assets Rules of Game ? market price How to report Asset Value? – If long term, at cost – If short term, at market value – Who knows your intention? fair value
  • 12. Operation, Investment & Arbitration How much do i control? What portion of my funding has been put in?
  • 13. Controllable Cash Value Cash value can be controlled Prudent pessimism as attitude measuring the value of existing assets Inventory Finished Goods F/G Raw Material R/M Investment historical value net realizable value usable value Semi-Finished product WIM (Work-In-Progress)
  • 14. PAST History is a mirror and a learning history
  • 15. Profit & Loss A/C Turnover Cost of sales Gross margin Operating Profit Finance cost Profit after tax Income tax Yearly retained profits For a period of times Cost of sales Management costs Profit before tax Dividend
  • 16. Profit & Loss A/C Turnover Overall company performance Cost of sales Cost of sales Gross margin Cost accounting Product P/L
  • 17. A Paradox of Pricing Formula • Price = Unit Cost + Mark-up % • Cost: Variable Cost, Fixed cost • Variable Cost: more output, fixed unit • Fixed Cost: Lump Sum / Output – more output, less unit cost – less output, more unit cost Solution: Convert fixed cost to variable cost as far as possible
  • 18. Product analysis By each product type, changes in – Quantity – unit price core competence – cost elements wastage Wastage is allowed (not aware of) when time is good
  • 19. What big enterprises do • cut unnecessary expenses • freeze salary • Layoff redundancy • Disposal
  • 20.
  • 21. The third report Cash Flow Statement PROFIT CASH =====
  • 22. The Future Cash Flow Statement Forecast credit
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25.
  • 26. Alert!! • Key Performance Indicators – The higher the index, the better the performance • Key Risk Indicators – The lower the index, the more secured the business