Physical fitness is important for optimal human development and performance in sports. It enables individuals to cope with physical demands and use technical and tactical skills in their sport. The study compares physical fitness components between inter-university and inter-college female football players in India. Tests were used to measure strength, speed, endurance, flexibility, agility, and other components. Results showed there were no significant differences in arm strength, speed, or endurance between groups. However, significant differences were found in abdominal strength, agility, and power between inter-university and inter-college players. The study provides useful information for coaches on developing components related to performance.

1. ABSTRACT
Man is said to be the “Man of action”. His activities are full
of movements and for this physical fitness are required. Physical
fitness plays an important role in fulfilling the objectives of
“Physical Education”. Physical fitness is used as one of the
modes through which the aim of physical education is achieved (a
complete whole some individual). A man and life is full of
physical and mental stresses. Thus physical fitness is a matter of
concern for optimum development of an individual. It brings up
the optimum health and also helps the society to create a healthy
environment to grow to the maximum. It is the pride of the
nation. A healthy and fit society also fulfils the W.H.O objective,
“live most and serve best.” By means of Physical fitness
programmers, performance of games and sports are also
improved. Every country is struggling hard for the apex position
in games and sports. To achieve this top position every effort is
done. The scientific and systematic ways of training are followed
to improve the standards of Physical fitness, so that the best
result should be achieved. Apart from this, a healthy living also
makes good and healthy citizen.
Physical fitness is often divided terms of :-
1 Accuracy
2 Agility
3 Balance
4 Body composition
5 Cardiovascular endurance
6 Coordination
7 Flexibility and joint range of motion
8 Power
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2. 9 Speed
10 Stamina
11 Strength
General fitness
Physical fitness is the result of regular exercise, proper diet
and nutrition and proper rest for physical recovery within the
parameters allowed by the genome.
Specific fitness.
Specific or task oriented fitness is a person’s ability to
perform in a specific activity with a reasonable efficiency, for
example sports or military service, specific training prepares
athletes to perform well in their sports.
Physical Fitness for Football Players
Soccer is a sport requiring high levels of physical fitness. It
is one of those rare games which demands, not only speed but
agility, strength, power and endurance also. Players at top levels
can run over 14 km in a game whilst not forgetting the frequent
accelerations, deaccelerations, changes of direction and jumps
they must undertake.
Fitness is important at all levels of the game, whilst being
essential for top level players, it is beneficial for beginners who
will improve both their effectiveness and enjoyment through
good standards of fitness. The aim of fitness training in football
is to enable a player to cope with the physical demands of the
game as well as allowing the efficient use of his various technical
and tactical competencies throughout the match.
A game that started life over 2000 years ago is now played
by millions all over the world. The earliest mention of a primitive
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3. form of football is the game of Tsu Chu played by Chinese
warriors of the Han Dynasty 2100 years ago.
Significance of the Study
The significance of the study relates to the importance of
physical fitness components as one of the primary factors for
better performance in sports. The attempt is made in this study to
find out the relative position of physical fitness of inter college
and inter university level female football players. Physical fit
women give a good performance for long time in the competition.
This study will be very useful for physical education
teachers/coaches will understand which component of physical
fitness such as strength, speed, endurance, flexibility and agility
etc. are developed for physical players. The full knowledge of
physical fitness component is very essential for physical
education teachers/coaches and sports women. Until the
sportsmen does not understand the mean and need of physical
fitness component properly. They can not give good performance
of their field.
Statement of the Problem
A Comparative Study of Physical Fitness of Female Football
Players in Relation to Their Performance.
Objectives
1 To compare the Endurance of Inter University and Inter
College female football players.
2 To compare the strength of Inter University and Inter
College female football players.
3 To compare the agility of inter university and inter-
College female football players.
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4. 4 To compare the speed of inter- university and inter-
college female football players.
5 To compare the level of physical fitness between inter-
university level and inter-college level of female football
players.
Delimitations
1 The study is delimited to the college level females
football players of Guru Nanak Dev University,
Amritsar.
2 The study is delimited to the players who have
participated in inter college and inter university level
competition in football.
3 The study will be delimited to age group of 18-25 years
female football players
Limitations
1 No special motivational techniques are applied to
conduct the test for data collection which is considered
as the limitation of the study.
2 Ground conditions at the time of the test were not of
the standard conditions.
3 Subjects might have not put their hundred percent effort
while performing in the test, which is also one of the
limitation of the study.
Hypotheses
1 There will be no significant difference in the score of the
pull-ups (arm shoulder strength) of inter university and
inter-college female football players.
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5. 2 There will be no significant differences in the sit-
ups(abdominal strength) of inter-university and inter-
college female football players.
3 There will be a significant difference in the scores of the
shuttle-run (agility) of inter university and inter-college
level female football players.
4 There will be a significant difference in standing broad
jump (power of leg muscles) of inter university and
inter-college female football players.
5 There will be no significant difference in the 50 yards
(speed) of inter university and inter-college female
football players.
6 There exists no significant difference in 1milerun/walk
(Endurance) of inter university and inter-college female
football players.
Statistical Tools
It includes sampling, research strategy, tools and
techniques and procedure employed to gather data. In the present
research, following research design was adopted :-
 Method of research
 Population
 Sample and sampling
 Tools
 Description of tools
 Statistical techniques
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6. Tools Used
World known AAHPER fitness test, whose reliability and
validity have been established and re-established, was chosen and
applied. Following different practical tests were used as tools:-
Sr.
No.
Parameter/Test Aim of the test / parameters(to
measure the following motor
abilities)
1 Pull-ups Arm shoulder strength
2 Sit-ups(flexed legs) Abdominal strength
3 Shuttle run Agility
4 Standing broad jump Power of leg muscles
5 50 yards Speed
6 1 mile run/walk Endurance
Conclusions
In the view of the analysis of data of the present study it is
concluded that Hypothesis No.1, 5 and 6 which states that there
will be no significant difference in the score of the pull-ups (arm
shoulder strength) of inter university and inter-college female
football players, there will be no significant difference in the 50
yards (speed) of inter university and inter-college female football
players and there exists no significant difference in
1milerun/walk (Endurance) of inter university and inter-college
female football players are accepted.
Whereas Hypothesis No. 2 (There will be no significant
differences in the sit-ups (abdominal strength) of inter-university
and inter-college female football players.) Hypothesis No.3
(There will be significant differences in the scores of shuttle-run
(agility) of inter university and inter-college level female football
players.) and Hypothesis No. 4 (There will be a significant
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7. difference in standing broad jump (power of leg muscles) of inter
university and inter-college female football players) are rejected.
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