Specialty Pipelines for Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances

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Specialty Pipelines for Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances

December 1, 2010

The world is rushing to harness alternative and renewable energy sources, and global specialty pipeline
infrastructure is jumping to keep up. SBI Energy estimates that the total global market for specialty
pipelines will show year over year increases of 30% or more through 2015. This will result in a total global
market of over $3 billion by 2015. Because their chemical composition and transmission requirements
composition are different from conventional fossil fuels, renewable fuels can be corrosive or destructive to
existing/conventional pipelines, fittings, seals, and other conventional pipeline-related infrastructure.
Transport of renewable fuels such as biodiesel, ethanol, and biomethane along existing fossil fuel
pipelines (diesel, jet fuel, gasoline, natural gas) is frequently impracticable due to concerns of
contamination between renewable and petroleum fuel batches. Additionally, the distributed nature of
production operations for many renewable fuels, and for biomethane in particular, promise to support the
construction of substantial new pipeline infrastructure.

Similarly, enhanced oil recovery, carbon capture sequestration, and other emerging energy economies
require pipeline transport of carbon dioxide, commonly under very high pressure. Like ethanol, carbon
dioxide can be highly corrosive to conventional pipelines, resulting in increased leakage rates, high repair
costs, and general pipeline deterioration. The need to upgrade existing pipelines or construct new
specialty pipelines for these substances has led to the emergence of product markets for components
and materials related to specialty pipelines.

Substances carried in specialty pipelines - carbon dioxide, ethanol, biodiesel, and biomethane/biogas -
have found market growth due to high petroleum prices, the development of enhanced oil recovery
methods using carbon dioxide injection, carbon capture and sequestration system development, the
presence or potential for carbon emissions penalties in several world markets, industry and public interest
in biofuels, and renewable fuels standards mandating increasing production and blending with petroleum
fuels. These factors are driving a general shift in the energy economies of several world markets, towards
technologies and fuels that mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and ensure greater energy security for
countries with declining fossil fuel resources.

As these new energy economies gain traction, economies of scale continue to develop in support of
renewable and other alternative energy products. Particularly in areas where alternative energy
production or consumption is highly concentrated (for example, carbon dioxide enhanced oil recovery
fields in Texas’s Permian Basin), pipelines are emerging as an efficient means of transport to reduce
costs associated with truck, barge, or rail transportation. In anticipation of increased demand for pipeline
transport of alternative fuels and carbon dioxide, pipeline producers and operators have already
investigated or established construction and operations procedures for the transmission of carbon
dioxide, ethanol, biodiesel, and biomethane.

The design of specialty pipelines is, for the most part, based on existing technologies and materials used
in existing pipeline transmission operations, as well as the oil & gas, renewable fuels, and chemicals
industries. Components of specialty pipelines not found as extensively in existing pipelines for natural
gas, petroleum, and petroleum products include protective coatings, large-diameter resin and plastic
pipes, specialty industrial pumps and compressors for corrosive substances such as ethanol and carbon
dioxide, specialty valves, and technologies able to detect pipeline leaks. Due to the increased risk of
corrosion or stress-related cracking of specialty pipelines that carry ethanol or carbon dioxide, specialty
pipelines also represent a notable market for state-of-the-art technologies used for existing petroleum
pipelines to detect leaks, minimize corrosive wear, pitting, lamination loss, or metal loss. The further
development of commercial pipelines for next-generation energy sector substances will depend on
ongoing product specialization and operational experience with specialty pipeline components.

Specialty Pipelines, Components, Materials and Global Markets contains comprehensive data on the
worldwide market for specialty pipelines, their components, materials, and supporting technologies,
including historic (2006-2010) and forecast (2011-2015) market size data in terms of the dollar value of
product shipments. The report identifies key trends affecting the marketplace, along with trends driving
growth, and central challenges to further market development. The report also profiles leading
manufacturers and suppliers of specialty pipelines and that are most relevant to the specialty pipelines
industry.

Report Methodology

The information in Specialty Pipelines, Components, Materials and Global Markets is based on data and
information gleaned from interviews of government officials, industry insiders and professionals, as well
as data available from the U.S. Department of Commerce, other U.S. executive agencies, the U.S.
Census Bureau, U.S. national laboratories, U.S. and global energy research institutions, the European
Commission, along with information from trade associations, business journals, company literature and
websites, Securities and Exchange Commission reportings, and research services such as Simmons
Market Research Bureau.

What You’ll Get in This Report

Specialty Pipelines, Components, Materials and Global Markets makes important predictions and
recommendations regarding the near term future of this market. It pinpoints methods that current and
prospective industry players can capitalize on existing trends, spearhead new trends, and identify and
expand into niche and specialty markets. No other market research report provides both comprehensive
analysis and extensive, quality data that Specialty Pipelines, Components, Materials and Global Markets
offers. Plus, you’ll benefit from extensive data, presented in easy-to-read and practical charts, tables and
graphs.

How You’ll Benefit from This Report

If your company is already doing business in the specialty pipelines market, in associated manufacturing
industries, or is considering making the leap, you will find this report invaluable, as it provides a
comprehensive package of information and insight not offered in any other single source. Pipeline
operators, companies vested in the midstream industry, biofuels producers/refiners/suppliers, producers
and marketers will also benefit from key insights into the supply chain, projects worldwide, and industry
suppliers associated with specialty pipelines. The report provides an extensive review of markets for
specialty pipelines, including their components, from 2006 as well as projects and trends through 2015.

This report will also help:

 Marketing managers identify market opportunities and develop targeted promotion plans for

specialty pipelines, components, materials, and services.
 Research and development professionals stay on top of competitor initiatives and explore
demand for specialty pipelines, specialty pipeline components, materials, and associated
transmission services.
 Advertising agencies working with clients in the midstream, utility, oil & gas, industrial
equipment manufacturing, and chemicals industries to understand the market for specialty
pipeline components and materials, their application, and the product procurement and project
construction process; to develop messages and images that compel consumers to invest in
companies supplying or operating specialty pipelines
 Business development executives understand the dynamics of the market and identify possible
partnerships.
 Information and research center librarians provide market researchers, brand and product
managers and other colleagues with the vital information they need to do their jobs more
effectively.

Additional Information

Market Insights: A Selection From The Report

Ethanol

Brazil and the United States represent the two largest national producers of ethanol and the largest global
consumption markets. Both countries have fostered major ethanol industries due to the abundance of
agricultural ethanol crops (sugarcane and corn) and national regulation establishing significant markets
for ethanol through transportation fuel blending. The market history of ethanol pipeline transportation is
largely limited to Brazil where the Programa Nacional do Álcool (Proalcool) initiated by the Brazilian
government in the 1970s provided support and amenable market conditions for the construction of
dedicated ethanol pipelines. In the United States, the development of markets for ethanol pipeline
transportation has been very recent.

Specialty Pipeline Projects

While multiple industry and market factors direct the development of the specialty renewable and
alternative energy pipeline markets, the market volumes are ultimately determined by specialty pipeline
construction and modification projects realized within the scope of this report (2006-2015). The following
summaries for specialty pipeline projects worldwide provide greater detail regarding announced projects
referenced elsewhere in this chapter and establish short-term market parameters and infrastructure
development trends relevant to the projection of additional specialty pipeline projects through 2015.
Projects are discussed below in terms of their preliminary siting, transportation capacity, development and
construction schedule, associated investors and end users, obstacles to their completion, and role in
regional renewable and alternative energy substance markets.

Eastern Shelf Pipeline

Kinder Morgan Energy Partners, L.P. purchased several units in the Katz oilfield within the Permian basin
in 2006 and plans to begin CO2 injection to increase petroleum production by January 2011. With CO2-
producing reservoirs and over 1,000 miles of CO2 transportation...

Project Development and Financing Trends

Pipeline projects require significant financing due to their high capital costs that include equipment
procurement, engineering, construction, right-of-way (ROW) land purchases. Midstream companies fund
pipeline infrastructure projects through internal capital, project equity shares, and debt financing.
Government support and incentives are likely to play a major role in the development of specialty pipeline
projects, as there are significantly higher technical and market risks associated with infrastructure projects
for renewable fuel and alternative energy substance transportation. While overall financing conditions for
the midstream industry are relevant to specialty pipeline project development, specialty pipeline projects
remain subject to unique considerations including their risks and market feasibility.

Large energy companies such as investor-owned public utilities or comprehensive oil companies involved
in the E&P, refining, transportation, and distribution of petroleum and natural gas benefit from large cash
flows that can be reinvested or used to fund the completion of large infrastructure projects. With
multination...

Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Executive Summary
Scope
Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances and the Role of Specialty Pipelines
Specialty Pipelines Requirements and Components
Environmental Impact of New Specialty Pipelines
Market Assessment Methodology
Market Origins and History
Trends in Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances Production
Specialty Pipeline Project Viability and Operational Profitability
Specialty Pipeline Markets
Carbon Dioxide Transportation Pipelines Market
Figure 1-1: CO2 Transportation Pipelines Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Ethanol Transportation Pipelines Market
Figure 1-2: Ethanol Transportation Pipelines Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Biodiesel Transportation Pipelines Market
Figure 1-3: Biodiesel Specialty Pipelines Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Biogas and Biomethane Transportation Pipelines Market
Figure 1-4: Biogas and Biomethane Transportation Pipelines Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million
$)
Product Trends and Pricing
Figure 1-5: U.S. Plastic and Steel Pipes Price Changes, 2001-2010
Figure 1-6: U.S. Special Purpose Coatings Price Changes, 2001-2010
Figure 1-7 U.S. Industrial Pump and Air/Gas Compressors Price Changes, 2001-2010
Figure 1-8: U.S. Industrial Valve Price Changes, 2001-2010
Industry Trends
Growing Regional Demand for Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances
Specialty Pipeline Components Supply Chain
Figure 1-9: Specialty Pipeline Components Supply Chain
Specialty Pipeline End Users
Summary
Figure 1-10: Specialty Pipelines Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)

Chapter 2: Specialty Renewable and Alternative Energy Pipelines
Scope

Pipeline Technology and Operation
Role of Specialty Pipelines
Greater Market Availability and Consumption of Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances
Higher Efficiency Transportation of Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances
Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances
Carbon Dioxide
Ethanol
Biogas/Biomethane
Biodiesel
Specialty Pipelines: Requirements, Systems and Methods
Resource Requirements
Components
Operational Requirements
Demand for Specialty Renewable and Alternative Energy Pipelines
Environmental Impact of New Specialty Pipelines
Development of Pipeline Tract Areas
Environmental Contamination through Pipeline Leaks
Pipeline Explosion Risks
Emissions
Summary

Chapter 3: Specialty Renewable and Alternative Energy Pipelines - Market Size and Growth
Scope
Market Assessment Methodology
Project-Based Analysis
Analytical Factors for Market Size and Growth
Market Origins and History
Carbon Dioxide Enhanced Oil Recovery
Carbon Capture and Sequestration
Ethanol
Biodiesel
Biogas / Biomethane
Specialty Pipeline Projects
Eastern Shelf Pipeline
Table 3-1: Eastern Shelf Pipeline
Green Pipeline
Table 3-2: Green Pipeline
Snøhvit Pipeline
Table 3-3: Snøhvit Pipeline
Central Florida Pipeline
Table 3-4: Central Florida Pipeline
PMCC Pipeline
Table 3-5: PMCC Pipeline
Plantation Pipeline
Table 3-6: Plantation Pipeline
Huckabay Ridge Biogas Project
Table 3-7: Huckabay Ridge Biogas Project
Brålanda Biogas Project
Table 3-8: Brålanda Biogas Project
Factors Affecting Market Size and Growth
Greater Production of Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances
Spatial Distribution of Renewable and Alternative Energy Substance Production and
Consumption
Specialty Pipeline Project Viability and Operational Profitability
Specialty Pipeline Markets
Market for Carbon Dioxide Transportation Pipelines

Figure 3-1: CO2 Transportation Pipelines Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Table 3-9: World Market Shares for CO2 Transportation Pipelines (United States, European
Union, Asia)
Market for Ethanol Transportation Pipelines
Figure 3-2: Ethanol Transportation Pipelines Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Table 3-10: World Market Shares for Ethanol Transportation Pipelines (United States, Brazil)
Market for Biodiesel Transportation Pipelines
Figure 3-3: Biodiesel Transportation Pipelines Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Table 3-11: World Market Shares for Biodiesel Transportation Pipelines (United States, European
Union)
Market for Biogas and Biomethane Transportation Pipelines
Figure 3-4: Biogas and Biomethane Transportation Pipelines Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million
$)
Table 3-12: World Market Shares for Biogas and Biomethane Transportation Pipelines (United
States, European Union, Asia)
Market for Specialty Pipeline Lengths
Figure 3-5: Pipeline Lengths Market Size, Steel, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Table 3-13: World Market Shares for Steel Pipeline Lengths (United States, European Union,
Brazil, Asia)
Figure 3-6: Specialty Pipeline Lengths (Polymers), Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Table 3-14: World Market Shares for Polymer Pipeline Lengths (United States, European Union,
Brazil, Asia)
Market for Specialty Pipeline Pumps and Compressors
Figure 3-7: Specialty Pipeline Pumps Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Table 3-15: World Market Shares for Specialty Pipeline Pumps (United States, European Union,
Brazil, Asia)
Figure 3-8: Specialty Pipeline Compressors Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Table 3-16: World Market Shares for Specialty Pipeline Compressors (United States, European
Union, Brazil, Asia)
Market for Specialty Pipeline Flow Control, Leak Detection, and Management Systems and
Technologies
Figure 3-9: Specialty Pipeline Flow Control Equipment Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)
Table 3-17: World Market Shares for Flow Control Equipment (United States, European Union,
Brazil, Asia)
Figure 3-10: Inline Pipeline Management and Leak Detection Systems Market Size, 2006-2015
(in million $)
Table 3-18: World Market Shares for Inline Pipeline Management and Leak Detection Systems
(United States, European Union, Brazil, Asia)
Summary
Figure 3-11: Specialty Pipelines Market Size, 2006-2015 (in million $)

Chapter 4: Specialty Renewable and Alternative Energy Pipelines - Market and Product Trends
Scope
Product Trends and Pricing
Specialty Pipeline Materials
Figure 4-1: U.S. Plastic and Steel Pipes Price Changes, 2001-2010
Specialty Pipeline Coatings
Figure 4-2: U.S. Special Purpose Coatings Price Changes, 2001-2010
Specialty Pipeline Compressors and Pumps
Figure 4-3: U.S. Industrial Pump and Air/Gas Compressors Price Changes, 2001-2010
Flow Control, Pipeline Management, and Leak Detection Systems
Figure 4-4: U.S. Industrial Valve Price Changes, 2001-2010
Figure 4-5: U.S. Industrial Process Instruments Price Changes, 2001-2010
Industry Trends
Midstream Industry Growth and Consolidation, 2001-2008
Financial Crisis and Global Economic Turndown, 2008-2009

Developments Leading towards Specialty Renewable and Alternative Energy Substance
Pipelines
Project Development and Financing Trends
Cost and Pricing Trends for Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances
Carbon Dioxide
Figure 4-6: West Texas Intermediate Average Monthly Spot Prices for Crude Petroleum, January
2001-August 2010
Ethanol
Figure 4-7: Ethanol Fuel and Gasoline Prices, U.S. Midwest and East Coast
Figure 4-8: Ethanol Fuel Prices in Nebraska (United States) and São Paulo State (Brazil), 2001-
2010
Figure 4-9: U.S. Rail Transportation Price Changes, 2001-2010
Biodiesel
Figure 4-10: Average U.S. B20 (20% Biodiesel / 80% Petroleum Diesel) and Petroleum Diesel
Prices, 2001-2010
Figure 4-11: Average German Biodiesel (100%; B100) and Petroleum Diesel Prices (in Euros).
2005-2009
Biomethane
Figure 4-12: Average U.S. Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Power, and Vehicle Consumer
Natural Gas Prices, 2001-2010
Figure 4-13: Average EU Residential, Commercial, Industrial, Power, and Vehicle Consumer
Natural Gas Prices, 2001-2010
Growing Regional Demand for Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances
Carbon Dioxide - United States
Figure 4-14: U.S. Carbon Dioxide Pipeline Deliveries for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR), 2001-
2010
Figure 4-15: Operationally-Active U.S. Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) Projects, 2001-
2010
Carbon Dioxide - European Union
Figure 4-16: Operationally-Active EU Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) Projects, 2001-
2010
Carbon Dioxide - Brazil
Carbon Dioxide - Asia
Figure 4-17: Operationally-Active Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) Projects in Asia,
2001-2010
Ethanol - United States
Table 4-1: EISA Renewable Fuel Volume Requirements, 2010 (billion gallons)
Figure 4-18: U.S. Ethanol Fuel Consumption, 2001-2010
Ethanol - Brazil
Figure 4-19: Brazilian Ethanol Fuel Consumption, 2001-2010
Biodiesel - United States
Figure 4-20: U.S. Biodiesel Consumption, 2001-2010
Biodiesel - European Union
Figure 4-21: EU Biodiesel Consumption, 2001-2010
Biomethane - United States
Figure 4-22: Operationally-Active U.S. Biogas / Biomethane Production Projects, 2001-2010
Figure 4-23: New U.S. Biogas/Biomethane Production Projects and U.S. Wellhead Natural Gas
Prices, 2001-2010
Figure 4-24: New U.S. Biogas / Biomethane Production Projects with Pipeline Injection and U.S.
Wellhead Natural Gas Prices, 2001-2010
Biomethane - European Union
Figure 4-25: EU Biogas Production, 2001-2010
Figure 4-26: EU Biogas / Biomethane Production Projects with Pipeline Injection and Average EU
Residential/Commercial Consumer Natural Gas Prices, 2001-2010
Summary

Chapter 5: Specialty Pipelines and Components: Distribution and Promotion
Scope
Specialty Pipeline Components Supply Chain
Figure 5-1: Specialty Pipeline Components Supply Chain
Renewable and Alternative Energy Substance Supply Chain
Figure 5-2: Ethanol Fuel Supply Chain
Figure 5-3: Biodiesel Fuel Supply Chain
Figure 5-4: Biogas/Biomethane Supply Chain
Figure 5-5: Carbon Dioxide Supply Chain
Specialty Pipelines Project Promotion
Summary

Chapter 6: Competitive Profiles
Scope
Methodology and Selection of Profiles
3M
Corporate Background
Product Portfolio
Performance
Figure 6-1: Annual Revenues of 3M, 2006-2010 (in billion $)
Company News
Acquisitions and Divestitures
Outlook
Personnel Changes
Ameron
Product Portfolio
Performance
Figure 6-2: Annual Revenues of Ameron, 2006-2010 (in million $)
Company News
Outlook
Personnel Changes
Ashland
Product Portfolio
Performance
Figure 6-3: Annual Revenues of Ashland, 2006-2010 (in billion $)
Company News
Outlook
Personnel Changes
Boreal Laser
Product Portfolio
Performance
Flowserve
Product Portfolio
Performance
Figure 6-4: Annual Revenues of Flowserve, 2006-2010 (in billion $)
Company News
Outlook
Personnel Changes
GE Oil & Gas

Product Portfolio
Performance
Figure 6-5: Annual Revenues of General Electric Oil & Gas, 2006-2010 (in billion $)
Company News
Innovation
Outlook
International Protective Coatings
Product Portfolio
Performance
Figure 6-6: Annual Revenues of Akzo Nobel Performance Coatings, 2006-2010e (in billion €)
Company News
Innovation
Outlook
Personnel Changes
Siemens
Product Portfolio
Performance
Figure 6-7: Annual Revenues of Siemens, 2006-2010 (in billion €)
Company News
Innovation
Outlook
Sulzer Pumps
Product Portfolio
Performance
Figure 6-8: Annual Revenues of Sulzer Pumps, 2006-2010e (in billion CHF)
Company News
Outlook
Personnel Changes
Tyco Flow Control
Product Portfolio
Performance
Figure 6-9: Annual Revenues of Tyco Flow Control, 2006-2010e (in billion $)
Company News
Outlook
Personnel Changes
Pipeline Operator Profiles
Kinder Morgan
Business Activities
Performance
Figure 6-10: Annual Revenues of Kinder Morgan, 2006-2010e (in billion $)
Company News
Specialty Renewable and Alternative Energy Pipeline Projects
Petrobras
Business Activities

Performance
Figure 6-11: Annual Revenues of Petrobras, 2005-2009 (in billion $)
Company News
Uniduto Logística
Business Activities
Company News

Chapter 7: End Users
Scope
Specialty Pipeline End Users
Carbon Dioxide
Ethanol
Biodiesel
Biogas/Biomethane
Summary

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Specialty Pipelines for Renewable and Alternative Energy Substances

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