PR1 Lesson 2.pptx

Characteristics
of
Research
Marrianne S. Ledesma-Aves
PR1-SHS Teacher I

When can we say that research is
of good quality? When can we
say that it is not of good
quality?”

Characteristics of Research
Empirical Research is based on direct experience or observation by the research
Logical Research is based on valid procedues and principles
Cyclical Research is a cyclical process because it starts with a problem and ends with a problem
Analytical
Research utilizes proven procedures in gathering the data, whether historical, descriptive, experimental, or
case study.
Critical Research exhibits careful and precise judgement.
Methodical Research is conducted in a methodical manner withouth bias using systematic method and procedures
Replicability
The research design and procedures are replicated or repeated to enable the researcher the researcher to
arrive at valid and conclusive results.
1. Identify the different stages or steps in research process
2. Recognize research misconducts and cite ways to prevent them

Let’s test what you Learned!
Research is based on direct experience or observation by the research
Research is based on valid procedues and principles
Research is a cyclical process because it starts with a problem and ends with a problem
Research utilizes proven procedures in gathering the data, whether historical, descriptive, experimental, or
case study.
Research exhibits careful and precise judgement.
Research is conducted in a methodical manner withouth bias using systematic method and procedures
The research design and procedures are replicated or repeated to enable the researcher the researcher to
arrive at valid and conclusive results.
In a ¼ sheet of paper, Identify the characteristics of the research cited.

Let’s Test Your
Knowledge!
In a group, you would try to apply the characteristics of a good research to the
research that you used on your Homework.

Search vs Research
Basis of Comparison Research Search (Inquiry)
Expertise Qualified Researchers No qualification
Goal Uncover new information
and identify facts
Find something
Duration Long Often short
Process Systematic No layout
Regulation Monitor and Regulated Not Regulated
Inter-dependence Dependent on Search
Results
No dependent

Would you be a good
researcher?
“I would be a good researcher
because_____________”
In a one half crosswise, complete the sentence above by citing your
qualities the would prove that you can be a good researcher. Pattern
the qualities of a good researcher given

Characteristics of a Good
Researcher
0
1
A researcher undertakes a deep
thinking and inquiry of
the things and situations around him.
0
3
An intelligent researcher is honest to
collect or gather
data or facts in order to arrive at honest
results.
0
4
A productive and resourceful
investigator always creates new
researches.
0
2
The researcher is careful to conduct his
research study at the
right time and at the right place wisely,
efficiently, and economically.
0
5
The researcher is always doubtful as
to the truthfulness of the results.
 Intellectual Curiosity
Prudence
Healthy Criticism-
Intellectual Honesty
Intellectual Creativity-

The Research Process
Research is a process that
requires patience and thought.
There is no easy way to make
certain that you have
exhausted every resource and
found the best research.
Research is more of an art
rather than a science. Below
are the steps taken when
doing research.

Step One: Define the Research
Problem
The first step in the research process is to
develop a research question. This can be
a problem that needs to be solved or some
piece of information that is missing about a
particular topic. Answering this question will
be the focus of the research study. (Offord
Centre for Child Studies, 2017)

Step Two: Review the Literature
The researchers must now learn more about the
topic they are investigating. This
not only provides important background information
about the issue they are researching.,
but it also tells them what other studies have already
been conducted, how they were
designed, and what those studies found.

Step Two: Review the Literature
In research, you often do not want to
repeat old
studies, but rather add something new
to the field. (Offord Centre for Child
Studies,
2017;Cornell University Library,2016)

Step Three: Formulate the Hypothesis
The hypothesis is a clear statement of
what is intended to be investigated. It
should
be specified before research is
conducted and openly stated in
reporting the results.

Step Four: Design Research
The research design refers to the
overall strategy that you choose to
integrate the
different components of the study in a
coherent and logical way, thereby,
ensuring you will
effectively address the research
problem;

Step Four: Design Research
it constitutes the blueprint for the
collection,
measurement and analysis of data.

Step Five: Collect Data
The collection of data is a critical step in
providing the information needed to
answer the research question. Every
study includes the collection of some
type of data -whether it is from the
literature or from subjects - to answer
the research question (Blankenship,
2010).

Step Five: Collect Data
Depending on the plan of the research,
data can be collected in the form of
words on a survey, with a
questionnaire, through observations, or
from the literature. (Offord Centre for
Child Studies, 2017; Human Kinetics,
2017

Step Six: Analyze Data & Step Seven:
Interpret and Report
Analysis of data plays an important
role in the achievement of research
aim and objectives. (Dudovskiy,
2016) Once the data have been
collected, these must be analyzed
in order to answer the original
research question

Ethics of Research
Ethics generally is considered to deal with beliefs
about what is right or wrong, proper or improper,
good or bad. According to a dictionary definition
(Webster‘s 1968), to be ethical is to conform to
accepted professional practice.

Ethics of Research
Ethics should be applied in all stages of research from
planning, to gathering of data, to the analysis and
interpretation and evaluation (oral examination) of
the research. Research ethics provides guidelines
for the responsible conduct of research. In addition,
it educates and monitors scientists conducting
research to ensure a high ethical standard.

Some Ethical Principles of Research:
Honesty:
Honestly report data, results, methods and procedures,
and publication status. Do not fabricate, falsify, or
misrepresent data.
Objectivity:
Strive to avoid bias in experimental design, data analysis,
data interpretation, peer review, personnel decisions,
grant writing, expert testimony, and other aspects of
research.

Integrity:
Keep your promises and agreements; act with sincerity;
strive for consistency of thought
and action.
Carefulness:
Avoid careless errors and negligence; carefully and
critically examine your own work and
the work of your peers. Keep good records of research
activities.

Openness:
Share data, results, ideas, tools, resources. Be open to
criticism and new ideas.
Respect for Intellectual Property:
Honor patents, copyrights, and other forms of intellectual
property. Do not use unpublished
data, methods, or results without permission. Give credit
where credit is due. Never
plagiarize.

Mercury is the closest planet
to the Sun and the smallest in
the Solar System
Venus is hotter than Mercury,
and its atmosphere is
extremely poisonous
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place. It’s full
of iron oxide dust
Identifying information
Complications Frequency Risks

Review of systems
Follow the link in the graph to modify its data and then paste the new one
here. For more info, click here
System 1
System 2
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun
Venus is the second
planet from the Sun

Images reveal large amounts of data, so
remember: use an image instead of a long text.
Your audience will appreciate it
Physical
examination

—Someone Famous
“This is a quote, words full of
wisdom that someone important
said and can make the reader get
inspired.”

A picture is worth a
thousand words

Findings
Places with the highest percentage of chlamydia
60%
40%
Unreported cases of
chlamydia
Reported cases of
chlamydia

“Venus is the second planet from
the Sun”
“Jupiter is the biggest planet of
them all”
“Despite being red, Mars is a cold
place”
“Saturn is a gas giant and has
several rings”
Discussion
Dr. Shawn Murphy Dr. Neil Melendez
Dr. Claire Brown Dr. Audrey Lim

Discussion summary
E
a
r
t
h Mercury
Venus
Mars
It’s the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest in
the Solar System
Venus has a beautiful name and is the second planet
from the Sun
Mars is actually a cold place. It’s full of iron oxide
dust

63%
Percentage of chlamydia
infections in women
47%
Percentage of chlamydia
infections in men
Comparison

Mercury is the closest planet to the
Sun
Neptune is the farthest planet from
the Sun
Jupiter is the biggest planet of
them all
Venus is the second planet from
the Sun
Mars is actually a very cold place
Saturn is composed of hydrogen
and helium
Diagnosis
Urine sample
Tests Vagina
Laboratory Cotton swab
Specimens

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and
the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only
a bit larger than the Moon
Venus has a beautiful name and is the second
planet from the Sun. It’s hotter than Mercury
and its atmosphere is very poisonous
Treatment
Antibiotics Abstinence

You can replace the image on the screen
with your own work. Just right-click on it
and select “Replace image”
Mockup

Contraindications & indications
Medicine Contraindications Indications
Antibiotic
A
Describe the reasons to stop the
treatment here
Describe the reasons to start the
treatment here
Antibiotic
B
treatment here
treatment here
Antibiotic
C
treatment here
treatment here

Post-prevention
01 02 03
Sex abstinence
Mercury is the closest planet
to the Sun and the smallest in
the Solar System
Latex male
condoms
Exclusive
sexual partner
Mars is full of iron oxide dust,
which gives the planet its
reddish cast
Saturn is a gas giant, has
several rings and it’s
composed mostly of hydrogen
and helium

2,860,000
Chlamydia annually infections

Case timeline
1
s
t
w
e
e
k
Mercury
It’s the closest
planet to the Sun
Mars
Mars is actually a
cold place
2
n
d
w
e
e
k
Venus
Venus is the
second planet
from the Sun
Saturn
It’s composed of
hydrogen and
helium
3
r
d
w
e
e
k
Jupiter
Jupiter is the
biggest planet of
them all
Neptune
Neptune is very far
away from the Sun

Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and
the smallest one in the Solar System—it’s only
a bit larger than the Moon. The planet’s name
has nothing to do with the liquid metal, since
Mercury was named after a Roman god
Conclusions

● Author (year). Title of the publication. Publisher
References

You can speak a bit about this
person here
person here
person here
Our team
Dr. Melendez Dr. Brown Dr. Murphy

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“Despite being red,
Mars is actually a
very cold place”
“Mercury is closest
planet to the Sun
and the smallest”
“Neptune is the
farthest-known
planet from the Sun”
“Saturn is a gas
giant and has
several rings”
“Venus has a
beautiful name and
is the second planet”
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