2. Elpidio Rivera Quirino (November
16, 1890 – February 29, 1956) was a
Filipino politician, and the sixth
President of the Philippines.
A lawyer by profession, Quirino entered
politics when he became a
representative of Ilocos Sur from 1919 to
1925. He was then elected as senator
from 1925–1931. In 1934, he became a
member of the Philippine
independence commission that was
sent to Washington, D.C., which
secured the passage of Tydings-
McDuffie Act to American Congress. In
1935, he was also elected to become
member of the convention that will
write the draft of then 1935 constitution
for the newly-established
Commonwealth. At the new
government, he served as secretary of
Elpidio R. Quirino the interior and finance under
Quezon's cabinet.

3. Manuel Acuña Roxas (January 1, 1892 –
April 15, 1948) was the first president of the
independent Third Republic of the
Philippines and fifth president overall. He
served as president from the granting of
independence in 1946 until his abrupt death
in 1948. His term as president of the
Philippines was also the third
shortest, lasting 1 year 10 months and 18
days.
Manuel A. Roxas, third and last President of
the Commonwealth and the first of the
Republic of the Philippines, was born to
Gerardo Roxas, Sr. and Rosario Acuña on
January 1, 1892 in Capiz (present-day Roxas
City). He was a posthumous child, for his
father Gerardo had been mortally wounded
by Spanish guardias civiles the year
before, leaving him and his older brother
Mamerto to be raised by their mother and
Manuel A. Roxas Don Eleuterio, their maternal grandfather.

4. On July 4, 1946, representatives of the United States of America and of the Republic
of the Philippines signed a Treaty of General Relations between the two
governments. The treaty provided for the recognition of the independence of the
Republic of the Philippines as of July 4, 1946, and the relinquishment of American
sovereignty over the Philippine Islands.

5. Filipino historians[who?] point out that independence in 1946 came with
numerous strings attached.[citation needed] The U.S. retained dozens of
military bases, including a few major ones. In addition, independence
was qualified by legislation passed by the U.S. Congress. For
example, the Bell Trade Act prohibited the Philippines from
manufacturing or selling any products that might "come into substantial
competition"[citation needed] with U.S.-made goods. It further required that
the Philippine Constitution be revised to grant U.S. citizens and
corporations equal access to Philippine minerals, forests, and other
natural resources. In hearings before the Senate Committee on
Finance, Assistant Secretary of State for Economic Affairs William L.
Clayton described the law as "clearly inconsistent with the basic foreign
economic policy of this country" and "clearly inconsistent with our
promise to grant the Philippines genuine independence."[2]
But the Philippine government had little choice but to accept these
terms for independence.[citation needed] The U.S. Congress was threatening
to withhold post-World War II rebuilding funds unless the Bell Act was
ratified. The Philippine Congress obliged on July 2, 1946.[

6. Chief Justice Manuel V. Moran swearing
in Manuel Roxas as President and
Elpidio Quirino as Vice
President, during the Independence
Day ceremonies of July 4, 1946.
Appointed in 1945 by President
Sergio Osmeña, Manuel V. Moran
would serve as Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court for six years. Upon
his retirement in 1951, Moran was
appointed as Philippine
Ambassador to Spain and
concurrently to the Holy See. In
1953, at the twilight of President
Elpidio Quirino’s
administration, Moran was once
again offered a position in the
Supreme Court.
Moran, however, refused the
midnight appointment.

7. Pres.Roxas In Clark Air Base a Minute After he Died
from Heart Attack
Elpidio Quirino was on the coast guard cutter Anemone, off the coast of Cebu, when
he learned of Roxas’ cardiac arrest. Quirino, at the time, was himself recovering from
chest pains. On April 17, 1948, Vice President Elpidio Quirino, back in Malacañan
Palace, knelt and wept unabashed before the casket bearing the remains of Manuel
Roxas.