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- 1. A Presentation Prehistoric to Modern Architecture History 101 Page. 1 By: Mary Rose Ann
- 2. A Presentation ▪ Lascaux Cave – Montignac, France ▪ Bhimbetka rock shelters - Raisen District, Madhya Pradesh, India ▪ Barda Balka – Iraq Paleolithic Era Page. 2 Prehistoric Architecture Mesolithic Era ▪ Caves of El Cogul – Catalonia, Spain ▪ Howick house - Northumberland, England ▪ Lepenski Vir – Serbia ▪ Olmec Heads - Mexico Neolithic Era ▪ Gobekli Tepe - Turkey ▪ Howick house - Northumberland, England ▪ Lepenski Vir – Serbia ▪ Callanish Stones – Scotland ▪ Stonehendge – Wiltshire England ▪ Temple of Tarxien – Malta ▪ Nuraghe – Sardinia ▪ Catalhoyuk - Turkey
- 3. A Presentation ▪ Zigurrat of Ur – Iraq ▪ Ishtar Gate – Hillah, Iraq ▪ Chogha Zanbil – Khuzestan, Iraq ▪ Ziggurat of Dur-Kurigalzu – Baghdad, Iraq ▪ Hanging Garden of Babylon Mesopotamia Page. 3 Bronze Age Architecture Ancient Egypt ▪ Great Pyramid of Giza – Egypt ▪ Great Sphinx of Giza – Egypt ▪ Mortuary Temple of Hatshepsut - Deir el Bahari ▪ Colossi of Memnon – Luxor ▪ Valley of the Kings – East of Nile River ▪ Pyramid of Djoser – Saqqara Necropolis, Egypt ▪ Great Temple of Karnak – Thebes ▪ Great Temple of Abu Simbel ▪ Temple of Isis – Philae
- 4. A Presentation ▪ Apadana – Persepolis ▪ Hall of Hundred Columns – Persepolis Persia Page. 4 Bronze Age Architecture Assyria • Palace of Sargon – Khorsabad • The Acropolis of Assur • The Palace of Ninrud (or Callah), of Asurnasirpal • The Gates of Balawat • The Fort of Salmanasar or Arsenal Palace – Ninrud • The Palace of Nineveh I • The Palace of Nineveh II Summerian • White Temple at Uruk • Ancient City of Kish • Palace of Xerxes
- 5. A Presentation ▪ Chichen Itza – Yucatan, Mexico ▪ Temple of Kukulcán – Yucatan, Mexico ▪ Temple of the Inscriptions – Chiapas, Mexico ▪ Pyramid of the Magician – Uxmal, Mexico ▪ High Temple - Orange Walk District, Belize ▪ Temple of Warrior ▪ Temple II – Tikal, Guatemala Mayan Civilization Page. 5 Mesoamerica Architecture ▪ Machu Picchu - Peru ▪ Coricancha – Cusco, Peru ▪ Saqsaywaman - Sacred and Urubamba Valleys of Peru Inca Empire ▪ Tenochtitlan – Mexico City ▪ Teotihuacan Pyramids (Pyramid of the Sun and the Pyramid of the Moon) ▪ Pyramid of Santa Cecilia Acatitlan ▪ Pyramid of Tenayuca - Tlalnepantla de Baz ▪ Calixtlahuaca – Toluca, Mexico ▪ El Tepozteco - Morelos Aztec Architecture
- 6. A Presentation ▪ Lothal - Saragwala, Gujarat, India ▪ Dholavira - Gujarat, India ▪ Mehrgarh - Balochistan, Pakistan ▪ Sokhta Koh - Balochistan, Pakistan Harrapan Civilization Page. 6 Indus Valley Architecture Mohenjo Daro • Great Bath – Sindh, Pakistan • House of Priests – Sindh, Pakistan • Kalibangan • Lothal • Dholavira • Rakhigarhi - Haryana
- 7. A Presentation ▪ Megaron of Tiryns ▪ Megaron of Mycenae ▪ Panagia Tomb ▪ Treasury of Atreus ▪ Tomb of Clytemnestra Mycenaean Civilization Page. 7 Greek Architecture ▪ Palace of Knossos, Crete Minoan Civilization ▪ Temple of Hera II – Paestum, Italy ▪ Theatre of Epidaurus – Epidaurus, Greece ▪ Stoa of Attalus II – Athens, Greece ▪ Acropolis – Athens, Greece ▪ Propylaea – Athens, Greece ▪ Temple of Athena Nike – Athens, Greece ▪ Erectheion – Mnesicles, Acropolis ▪ Parthenon – Athens, Greece ▪ Temple of Hadrian – Ephesus ▪ Theatre of Ephesus ▪ Temple of Artemis – Turkey ▪ Theatre and temple of Apollo – Phocis Greece ▪ Temple of Poseidon - Sounion ▪ Sanctuary of Nemesis – Attica, Greece Classical Greek
- 8. A Presentation Page. 8 Roman Architecture Roman Empire Etruscans • Pont Du Gard – France • Appian Way (Road) • Aqua Appia • Aqueduct of Segovia – Spain • Puente Romano (Bridge) – Merida Spain • Ponte dei Quattro Capi • Aqua Alexandrina (Aqueduct) • Baths of Trajan • Baths of Diocletian • Colosseum • Baths of Caracalla • Circus Maximus • Forum of Augustus • Hadrian’s Villa • Pantheon • Catacombs of Rome • Pompeii • Trajan Column • Arch of Augustus • Arch of Titus • Arch of Septimus Severus • Arch of Trajan • Basilica Cistern – Turkey • Baiae – Ancient Roman City • Masada – Israel • Basilica of Constantine • Arch of Constantine • Civita di Bagnoregio (Village) – Central Italy • Palentine Hill
- 9. A Presentation Page. 9 Early Christian Architecture ▪ Pisa Cathedral ▪ St. Magdalene Vezelay ▪ Cluny Abbey ▪ Basilica of Saint Sernin ▪ Durham Cathedral ▪ San Miniato Al Monte ▪ Abbey of Saint-Étienne ▪ Abbey of Sainte-Trinite ▪ Basilica De San Isidoro ▪ Santo Domingo De Silos Abbey ▪ Modena Cathedral ▪ Basilica of Sant’ambrogio ▪ Krak des Chevaliers Romanesque Architecture Byzantine Architecture • Hagia Sophia • Basilica of Sant' Apollinare Nuovo • Basilica of San Vitale • Hippodrome of Constantinople • Hagia Irene • Hosios Loukas • Angelokastro • Church of Saint Catherine • Church of St. Clement • Old St. Peter • Santa Coztanza • Basilica of Trier • Church of Santa Fosca
- 10. A Presentation ▪ Amiens Cathedral ▪ Notre-Dame de Reims ▪ Basilica of Saint Denis ▪ Chartres Cathedral ▪ Santa Maria del Fiore ▪ Westminster Abbey ▪ Canterbury Cathedral ▪ Milan Cathedral Gothic Architecture Page. 10 Early Christian Architecture English Medieval Architecture ▪ York minster ▪ Westminster Hall ▪ Canterbury Cathedral ▪ Westminster Abbey ▪ Dover Castle ▪ Norwich Guildhall ▪ St. Michael’s Mount Castle ▪ Berkeley Castle ▪ The White Tower ▪ Rievaulx Abbey France Medieval Architecture • Rievaulx Abbey • Beauvais Cathedral • Mont-Saint-Michel • Carcassonne • Avignon • Aigues-Mortes • Guérande • Roquetaillade Castle • Château de Montbrun • Château d'Angers
- 11. A Presentation ▪ Cologne Cathedral ▪ Ulm Minster ▪ Wartburg Castle ▪ Cathedral of St Peter’s Regensburg ▪ Aachen Cathedral ▪ Eltz Castle ▪ Marksburg ▪ Mylau Castle ▪ Mainz Cathedral ▪ Magdeburger Dom German Medieval Architecture Page. 11 Early Christian Architecture Belgian/ Netherland Medieval Architecture ▪ Antwerp Cathedral ▪ Brussels Town Hall ▪ Martinikerk ▪ Brabantine Gothic ▪ St. John's Cathedral ('s-Hertogenbosch) Spain Medieval Architecture • Santa Maria Ripoll • Sant Climent de Taüll • Church of Santa Maria La Real • Castle Loarre • Old Cathedral of Salamanca • Leon Cathedral • Cathedral of Burgos • Cathedral of Toledo • Royal palace of Olite
- 12. A Presentation ▪ Taq Kasra ▪ Tarikhaneh Temple Sassanian Architecture Page. 12 Islamic Architecture Moorish Architecture • Great Mosque of Cordoba • Alcazar of the Caliphs • Medina Azahara • Aljaferia palace • The Alhambra • Alcazar of Seville • Granada ▪ Taj Mahal Mughal Architecture ▪ Dome of the rock ▪ Samanid Mausoleum ▪ Kalon Minaret ▪ Mosque of sultan hassan ▪ Mecca Ottoman Architecture
- 13. A Presentation ▪ Florence baptistry ▪ Florence Cathedral ▪ Church of San Lorenzo ▪ Palazzo Medici Riccardi ▪ Basilica of Sant'Andrea ▪ Palazzo Rucellai ▪ Santa Maria Novella ▪ St. Peter’s Basilica ▪ The Vatican Palace Early Renaisance Page. 13 Renaissance Architecture Late Renaisance • The crossing of Santa Maria della Grazie, Milan • Pavia Cathedral • Tempietto • Pallazzo Farnese French Renaisance ▪ Chateau de Blois ▪ Chateau de Bury ▪ Chateau de Chambord ▪ Palais de Versailles ▪ Palais de Louvre ▪ Palais de Fontainebleau ▪ Church of the Val de Grace ▪ Pantheon ▪ Opera house
- 14. A Presentation ▪ Heidelberg Castle ▪ Troja Palace ▪ The Rathaus ▪ Logia Waldstein Palace ▪ Pilgrimage Church ▪ Linderhof Guild House ▪ Walhalla Temple German Renaisance Page. 14 Renaissance Architecture Belgium and Dutch Renaisance • Townhall Antwerp • Guild house, brussels • S.Michel Louvain • Townhall Desden • Townhall Leyden English Renaisance ▪ St. Paul Cathedral ▪ Queen’s House ▪ Hampton Court ▪ Greenwich Hospital ▪ Casa de las conchas ▪ Granada Cathedral ▪ The Alcazar ▪ University of Salamanca ▪ The Escoliar ▪ Barcelona Cathedral ▪ Burgos Cathedral Spain Renaissance Russian Renaisance ▪ St. Petersburg ▪ The Ekaterininsky Palace ▪ Church of the Intercession of the Holy Virgin ▪ Former General Staff Headquarters ▪ St. basils Cathedral
- 15. A Presentation ▪ St. Trevi ▪ St. Peter’s Square ▪ San Carlo Alle Quattro Fontaine Italian Baroque Page. 15 Baroque Architecture ▪ Palacio Real de Madrid Spanish Baroque ▪ Palace of Versailles ▪ Les Invalides Paris French Baroque ▪ St. Paul Cathedral English Baroque ▪ Westenberg Abbey Church ▪ Weingarten Abbey Church German Baroque
- 16. A Presentation ▪ The Forbidden City ▪ Temple of Heaven ▪ Great Wall of China ▪ Summer Palace ▪ Mausoleum of the first Qin Emperor ▪ Thousand Buddha Grottoes ▪ Potala Palace ▪ Wudang Mountains ▪ Mount Omei ▪ Capital Cities and Tombs of the Ancient Koguryo Kingdom ▪ Fujian Tulou Page. 16 Chinese Architecture
- 17. A Presentation ▪ Taj Mahal ▪ Tomb of Salim Chishti ▪ Safdarjung's Tomb ▪ Akbar Tomb, Agra ▪ Humayun's Tomb, Delhi Mughal Architecture Page. 17 Indian Architecture Temples • Ajanta Caves • Town of Mamallapuram • Shore Temple • Ellora Caves • The Kailash Temple • Brihadeewarar Temple • Kadariya Mahadeo Temple • Sun Temple, Konark, Orissa • Meenakshi Temple • Great stupa at Sandhi • Dashavatara Temple • Palitana Jain Temples • Virupaksha temple • Rani Ki Vav, Gujarat • Somanatha Temple • Taranga Jain Temple
- 18. A Presentation ▪ Angkor Wat Complex Khmer Impire Page. 18 Cambodia, Indonesia, Thailand Architecture Indonesian Architecture • Rumah Adat (Traditional Home) • Prambanan complex • Borobudur Temple Compounds • Sewu Temple • Gunung Padang Thai Architecture • Wat Phra Kaew • The ruins of Ayutthaya and Sukhothai • Prasat Hin Phimai • Wat Rong Khun • The Grand Palace
- 19. A Presentation ▪ Himeji castle or White Heron Castle ▪ Golden pavilion temple ▪ Byodo In Temple ▪ Horyuji Temple ▪ Historic Monuments and Sites of Hiraizumi ▪ Castles of the Ryukyu Kingdom ▪ Shrines and Temples of Nikko ▪ Monuments of Ancient Nara ▪ Itsukushima Shrine ▪ Shirakawa-go and Gokayama ▪ Monuments of Ancient Kyoto Page. 19 Japanese Architecture
- 20. A Presentation ▪ Iglesia Dela Conception Madrid ▪ Natural History Museum of London ▪ Paris Opera House – eclectic ▪ Banco de Espanya ▪ Crystal Palace, Paxton ▪ Santa Maria De Covadonga ▪ Barcelona Cathedral ▪ House of Parliament London ▪ Eifel tower, Paris ▪ Carson, Pirie, Scott Building New York ▪ Home Insurance Building Revivals Europe and America Page. 20 Revivals Architecture
- 21. A Presentation ▪ Sagrada Familia ▪ Casa Batlo ▪ Casa Mila ▪ Riga the city in Latvia ▪ Hotel Tassel ▪ The Museum of Musical Instruments ▪ Paris Métro ▪ 31 rue Campagne-Première in Montparnasse, Paris ▪ Secession Building in Vienna ▪ Glasgow School of Art, Scotland Page. 21 Art Nouveau Architecture
- 22. A Presentation ▪ Lutos Temple, Delhi ▪ Petronas twin Tower, Kuala lumpor ▪ Taipei 101, Taiwan ▪ International Commerce Centre (ICC), Hongkong ▪ Jockey Club Innovation Tower, Hongkong ▪ Opus Hong Kong ▪ Bank of China, Hongkong ▪ The National Stadium, or The Bird’s Nest, Beijing ▪ CCTV Headquarters, Beijing ▪ Moon Hotel Huzhou ▪ Shanghai Tower ▪ Marina Bay Sands, Singapore America Page. 22 Modern Architecture Architecture Asia ▪ Chrysler Building (In Art deco) ▪ The Dakota (German renaissance Style) ▪ Empire State Building (In Art Deco) ▪ Flatiron Building (Beaux Arts façade) ▪ Grand Central Terminal ▪ Guggenheim Museum ▪ Metropolitan Museum of Art ▪ New York Stock Exchange ▪ One World Trade Center ▪ TWA Terminal at JFK ▪ Fallingwater ▪ Robie house ▪ Glass house
- 23. A Presentation ▪ Sky Habitat Singapore ▪ Gardens by the Bay ▪ Hiroshima Peace Memorial ▪ Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building ▪ Nakagin Capsule Tower, Tokyo ▪ Church of Light, Osaka ▪ Christian Dior building, Omotesandō ▪ Nara Centennial Hall ▪ Singapore Changi Airport Page. 22 Modern Architecture Architecture Asia Europe ▪ Notre-Dame du Haut, France ▪ The Centre Pompidou ▪ Louis Vuitton Foundation ▪ Black Diamond (library), Denmark ▪ The Gherkin, London ▪ Barcelona Pavilion ▪ Turning Torso, Sweden ▪ Dancing House, prague ▪ Villa Savoye, France ▪ The Shard, London ▪ Elbphilharmonie Hamburg ▪ SIS Building, London
- 24. Thank you! Prehistoric to Modern Architecture END OF PRESENTATION Page. 22 By: Mary Rose Ann