1. Wave
of
the
Future
Mobile
Wave
Energy
Harvesting
for
the
U.S.
Navy
Matthew
Bragg
Umul
Awan
Brooke
Holleman
Ehsan
Goodarzi
Safouh
Tak
2. Problem:
DoD
Energy
Efficiency
● DoD
uses
1%
of
yearly
US
energy
usage
● Executive
orders
require
improved
efJiciency,
reduce
GHG
emissions
● Goals
○ Federal
energy
targets
■ Reduce
energy
intensity
by
30%
by
2015
■ Reduce
vehicle
Jleets’
consumption
of
petroleum
by
2%
annually
■ US
Navy
-‐
at
least
50%
of
shore
based
energy
requirements
from
alternative
sources
by
2020
○ Improve
energy
security
4. Wave
Energy
● The
kinetic
energy
created
by
the
rise
and
fall
of
the
ocean
driven
by
wind
and
inJluenced
by
oceanic
geology
● Creates
source
of
energy
that
is
predictable
daily.
6. Current
Wave
Energy
Projects
● Federal
Energy
Regulatory
Commission
(FERC)
○ 70
preliminary
permits
for
hydrokinetic
projects
○ Only
8
of
these
permits
for
wave
energy
● Projects
include
“buoy
parks”
● Relies
on
costly
undersea
cables,
$500,000
per
km.
8. Mobile
Wave
Energy
Harves:ng
● Boston
University/Fraunhofer
concept
● Uses
buoys
to
collect
energy
at
sea
● Stores
energy
in
a
battery
system
● Returns
energy
to
any
grid
10. Our
Business
● To
act
as
private
consultants
for
the
DoD,
hired
to
provide
innovative
solutions
to
meet
DoD
goals
● We
believe
the
Fraunhofer/BU
research
can
be
valuable
to
the
U.S.
Navy
that
has
both
large
and
unused
ships,
as
well
as
a
great
clean
energy
need
11. Innova:on
● US
Navy
plans
to
decommission
around
10
ships
each
year
at
a
very
high
price
● Ships
often
used
as
target
practice,
even
sunk!
● We
as
consultants
suggest
that
these
ships
be
utilized
for
wave
energy
capture
○ The
larger
the
ship
relative
to
the
waves,
the
more
effective
capture
of
wave
energy
(Mentor:
Prof.
Robert
Rosner)
12. Applica:on
● Allows
the
US
Navy
to
provide
renewable
energy
to
any
ocean-‐adjacent
base
in
the
world
○ US
Navy
bases
in
17
foreign
countries
○ Domestic
Navy
bases
in
27
locations
● Improves
energy
security
for
foreign
bases
● Can
provide
cheaper
energy
to
areas
where
energy
is
expensive
14. The
Numbers:
Energy
Capability
● Each
ship
will
have
the
capacity
to
generate
and
store
60
MWh
for
every
20
hours
of
charging
● Ships
will
generate
nearly
220,000
MWh
over
ten
years
○ Enough
to
power
1,800
homes
○ Enough
to
power
a
medium
sized
Naval
Base
of
8,000
occupants
○ Avoids
over
155,000
metric
tons
CO2
emission
over
10
years
[Mentors
Jessica
Polos,
Chris
Mckissack]
15. BaNery
System
● Ship
will
utilize
three
1
MW
Lithium-‐Ion
batteries
● Equivalent
of
2,400
Nissan
Leaf
batteries
● Opportunity
to
reduce
costs,
increase
capacity
as
battery
technology
improves
16. The
Numbers:
Cost
of
the
Ship
● Energy
collecting
buoys:
$12m
● Battery
system:
$30m
● Ten
Year
Maintenance
&
Inverters:
$36m
● Total
Ten
Year
Cost:
$78m
By
comparison...
● Ten
Year
Cost
to
Store
Naval
Ship:
$100m
● Total
Cost
of
decommissioning
a
single
ship,
i.e.
the
USS
Enterprise:
$857.3m
17. Cost
Comparison
of
Energy
Sources
● Competitive
with
other
renewable
sources
such
as
Solar
PV/Solar
Thermal
● The
mobile
wave
energy
costs
15
cents
per
kilowatt-‐hour.
Energy Sources Cost ($)
Coal 0.09-0.14
Natural Gas 0.07-0.13
Nuclear 0.11
Wind 0.10-0.33
Solar PV 0.16
Solar Thermal 0.25
Geothermal 0.10
Biomass 0.12
Hydro 0.09
US DOE Annual Energy Outlook 2012.
18. Policy
Our
Business
proposes.....
● Policy
to
allocate
research
funding
for
renewable
wave
energy
generation
technology
● Policy
that
will
require
the
US
DoD
to
thoroughly
research
the
repurposing
of
transportation
equipment
before
decommissioning
○ With
an
emphasis
on
renewable
energy
generation
[Mentor
Jessica
Polos]
19. Further
Applica:ons
● Easily
Transportable
● Green
energy
for
islands
○ Supplement
costly
energy
(often
diesel
generators)
● Disaster
relief
efforts
○ Transportable
power
to
areas
in
need
● Could have been used in aftermath
of Haiti Earthquake
● Can help power islands like Hawaii
where electricity is expensive
[Mentors:
Austin
Brown,
Jessica
Polos]
21. ● Political
Unwillingness
● Bureaucratic
Hoops
● New
and
Unusual
● Wave
Oscillations
● Severe
Weather
● Construction
[Mentors:
Austin
Brown,
Robert
Rosner]
Barriers
to
Implementa:on
22. Conclusion
● Big
problems
necessitate
BOLD
solutions
● Innovations
have
a
ripple
effect!
● Mobile
wave
energy
harnessed
on
decommissioned
naval
vessels
harnesses
an
underexplored,
renewable
energy
while
repurposing
a
huge
investment
25. Acknowledgements
• Summer
Institute
on
Sustainability
and
Energy
• University
of
Illinois
at
Chicago
• Dr.
George
Crabtree
• U.S.
Department
of
Energy
• Argonne
National
Lab
• Boston
University
• Fraunhofer
CMI
• Our
Mentors
