MDGs/SDGs are a veritable development tool that could transform the society by impacting positively on the generality of the people provided the operators are committed and focused. The MDGs/SDGs’ focus of human development coupled with the time-bound target makes them amenable to evaluation thus easily subjecting them to SMART test within the time frame. Since both the governments of the developed and developing countries are committed to MDGs/SDGs achievement by 2030, then SDGs become a tool that members of the civil society could constantly use to ask their respective governments to account to since they did not sign the 17 SDGs under duress.

1. THE ROLE OF CS in SDGs
IMPLEMENTATION AND
ACHIEVEMENT
●Concept/Definition
●Typology
●The MDGs and SDGs
●The Role of the CSOs
●UN International Volunteer Day

2. Concept of CSOs
● Why discussing the concept? Within the purview
of SDGs
● Proverbial 5 blind men describing elephant:
different perspectives
● Civicus World Alliance’s generic definition: “the
arena - outside the family, the state, and the
market - where people associate to advance
common interests”

3. Concept of CSOs (contd.)
● Larry Diamond (1999): realm of organized social life
that is open, voluntary, self-generating, at least
partially self-supporting, and autonomous from the
state and bound by a legal order or set of shared rules.
● Adebayo Olukoshi (1997): a sphere that is made up of
associations – voluntary, autonomous, professional or
non-professional – which have arisen out of self-
organizational efforts of various social forces.
● Osaghae, E 1997; Roniger, L (1994); Bayart, J.F (1986);
etc

4. Civil Society Typology:
●(i) Professional Associations
●(ii) Labour/Trade Unions
●(iii) Youth Groups
●(iv) Women’s Groups
●(v) Student Groups
●(vi) Human Rights Groups
●(vii) Pro-democracy Groups

5. Civil Society Typology (Contd.)
●(viii) Diaspora Groups
●(ix) Business Groups
●(x) Towns’ Unions
●(xi) CDAs/CDC/Landlords-Landladies’
Association
●(xii) Faith Based Groups (FBGs/FBOs)
●(xiii) CBOs
●(xiv) NGOs

6. MDGs/SDGs as a Development Tool
MDGs/SDGs are a veritable development tool that
could transform the society by impacting positively
on the generality of the people provided the operators
are committed and focused. The MDGs/SDGs’ focus
of human development coupled with the time-bound
target makes them amenable to evaluation thus easily
subjecting them to SMART test within the time frame.
Since both the governments of the developed and
developing countries are committed to MDGs/SDGs
achievement by 2030, then SDGs become a tool that
members of the civil society could constantly use to
ask their respective governments to account to since
they did not sign the 17 SDGs under duress.

7. MDGs AND MAIN TARGETS
The eight goals and their main targets are:
● G1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger - Halve between
1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is
less than one dollar a day.
● G2: Achieve universal primary education - Ensure that, by
2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able
to complete a full course of primary schooling.
● G3: Promote gender equality and empower women –
Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary
education, preferably by 2005, and in all levels of
education no later than 2015.
● G4: Reduce child mortality – Reduce by two-thirds,
between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate.

8. MDGS AND MAIN TARGETS (CONTD.)
● G5: Improve maternal health – Reduce by three-
quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal
mortality ratio.
● G6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases –
Halt by 2015 and begin to reverse the spread of
HIV/AIDS.
● G7: Ensure environmental sustainability – Integrate
the principles of sustainable development into
country policies and programmes and reverse the loss
of environmental resources.
● G8: Develop a global partnership for development –
develop further an open, rule-based, predictable, non-
discriminatory trading and financial system

9. Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs)
● Goal 1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
● Goal 2. End hunger, achieve food security and
improved nutrition and promote sustainable
agriculture
● Goal 3. Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being
for all at all ages
● Goal 4. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality
education and promote lifelong learning
opportunities for all

10. SDGs (Contd.)
● Goal 5. Achieve gender equality and empower all
women and girls
● Goal 6. Ensure availability and sustainable
management of water and sanitation for all
● Goal 7 Ensure access to affordable, reliable,
sustainable and modern energy for all
● Goal 8. Promote sustained, inclusive and
sustainable economic growth, full and productive
employment and decent work for all

11. SDGs (Contd.)
● Goal 9. Build resilient infrastructure, promote
inclusive and sustainable industrialization and
foster innovation
● Goal 10. Reduce inequality within and among
countries
● Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements
inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
● Goal 12. Ensure sustainable consumption and
production patterns
● Goal 13. Take urgent action to combat climate
change and its impacts*

12. SDGs (Concld.)
● Goal 14. Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas
and marine resources for sustainable development
● Goal 15. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use
of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests,
combat desertification, and halt and reverse land
degradation and halt biodiversity loss
● Goal 16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for
sustainable development, provide access to justice for
all and build effective, accountable and inclusive
institutions at all levels
● Goal 17. Strengthen the means of implementation and
revitalize the Global Partnership for Sustainable
Development

13. SDGs @ A Glance

14. Sustainable
Development and
Environment
conferences
• Stockholm (1972), Rio
(1992) and
Johannesburg summits
(2002) on the
environment and
sustainable
development
• World Commission on
Environment and
Development (The
Brundtland Report),
1987
• UN Framework
Convention on
Climate Change
• UN Commission on
UN Social Conferences
in the 90s
• Cairo Population
Conference
• Beijing Women
Conference
• Copenhagen
conference on social
development
• Vienna Conference
on Human Rights
• Outcome
Document
• High Level
Political Forum
on Sustainable
Development
• Open Working
Group on
Sustainable
Development
UN Conference on
Sustainable
Development – Rio +20
(2012)
without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs“
nd Report, 1987

15. SDGs = GG of PPP
SDGs = Global Goals of Prosperity
for People and Planet
How/Why?
Prosperity = 5 Goals
People = 3 Goals
Planet = 5 Goals

16. Comparing the MDGs and the
SDGs

17. Analysis of the SDGs
● New set of goals
● Hunger, water and sanitation, inclusive economic growth, climate change,
human settlements, livelihoods and employment, inequalities, energy,
infrastructure and industrialisation.
● Development enablers: Justice, accountability, peace and security
● Expansion of existing MDGs goals and targets
● Health goals inclusive of non-communicable diseases, health systems
● Education has included institutional issues of quality, equity and expanded to
adult literacy, vocational and technical education
● Specific goal on development enablers
● Justice, peace, accountable and inclusive institutions
● Specific goal on Means of implementation
● Financing
● Capacity building
● Systemic issues (Data, accountability, multi-stakeholders’ partnerships)
● Technology

18. SDGs: Core Principles and
Key Messages
●Continuing with the ‘unfinished
business’ of the MDGs
●Universality and inclusiveness
●Integrating the 3 Dimensions of
Sustainable Development

19. 3 Dimensions of Sustainable
Development

20. • Goal 1: End poverty
• Goal 2: End hunger
• Goal 3: Good Health
• Goal 4: Quality
Education
• Goal 5: Gender Equality
• Goal 10: Reduced
Inequalities
• Goal 7: Access to Energy
• Goal 8: Good Jobs &
Inclusive Economic
Growth
• Goal 9: Industry,
Innovation &
Infrastructure
• Goal 11: Sustainable Cities
& Communities
• Goal 12: Sustainable
consumption and
• Goal 6: Water and
Sanitation
• Goal 12: Su stainable
consumption and
production patterns
• Goal 13: Climate Action
• Goal 14: Conserve Water
and Marine Resources
• Goal 15: Sustainable use
of Land Resources
3 Dimensions of the SDGs

21. Opportunities for the ‘unfinished
business’ of the MDGs
● Poverty and the other half:
● Over 800 million still live in abject poverty and hunger
● Sustainable food production remains a huge challenge
● Climate change is looming large and upon us
● The MDGs didn’t adequately address inequalities within and
amongst nations. Under the MDGs, economies grew but so did
inequalities.
● MDGs health goals were restrictive and heavily disease focused.
● The education goals were not embracing of the larger
institutional issues
● Water and sanitation still a major problem with over a billion
lacking access to sanitation including toilets.
● Financing was impacted by the economic recessions and
general low commitments.

22. Defining Role for CSOs in SDGs
Successful Implementation
It has often been said that the development of a nation hinges not
only on the government but also on individuals and
organizations. In other words, in the face of current global
economic recession, governments alone cannot be solely
saddled with the development of a nation because of the scarce
resources at their disposal. Hence all hands must be on deck to
salvage the situation. Without mincing words, governments at
all levels know that it is their primary responsibility to provide
good governance through provision of necessary socio-
economic amenities that would impact on the general well
being of the governed while the non-state actors (Civil Society
Actors) are to complement the efforts of the governments.

23. Civil Society’s Role (Contd.)
● Complementary role to government’s (projects
implementation and service delivery).
● Engagement with other stakeholders (private sector, donor)
● Early monitoring and structured evaluation of the SDGs.
● Public policy influencer/lobbyist: constitutional & electoral
reform, health (C&MH, HI/AIDS), agric, education, child’s
rights, gender equality etc.
● Ombudsmanship (advocacy) and whistle blowing role (in
collaboration with anti-corruption agencies like EFCC &
ICPC).
● Citizens’ empowerment (voice-giving, information, training,
livelihoods).
● Holding stakeholders accountable to SDGs (GPsDDvPCs)

24. CSO’s Role (Contd.)
● Guided by a Social Charter, embracing accountability,
transparency and legitimacy in their operations.
● Conducting policy-informed research into SDGs
implementation.
● Conducting shadow reports and periodic assessment
to ensure we are on track to achieve the SDGs.
● Campaigning and mobilization on critical SDGs via
coalition/networking e.g.
Campaign2015+/Beyond201).
● Community Based Budget monitoring mechanisms be
established at the local level by the CSOs.

25. International Volunteer Day
Last Saturday, 5 December 2015, was
International Volunteer Day! On this very special
day, the United Nations Volunteers programme not
only celebrated and recognized volunteerism in all
its facets, but also paid special tribute to the
volunteers working to support the Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs).

26. International Volunteer Day
There are many ways in which volunteerism can help to
implement the SDGs. First, through people’s engagement
and community action, volunteerism fosters local
ownership for development solutions, builds resilience and
strengthens preparedness on the ground. Second,
volunteering transforms the volunteers as well as the
people they work with, facilitating behaviour change that
can help to make a sustainable future happen.

27. Thank you
D. Tola Winjobi (PhD)
Principal Coordinator, CAFSO-WRAG for Development
Convener, Campaign2015+ International
+234 803 0618 326 tolawinjobi58@yahoo.com