Presentation on pumice stone and its use on garments washing. It is very important fact to know about pumice stone and its use in garments washing. A huge amount of pumice stone are used in garments in those days.
1. Pumice Stone
and it’s Use on
Garments Washing.
By…
Md. Sirajul Islam Sagor
30th Batch
Dept. Textile Engineering
Daffodil International University
2. About Pumice Stone
Pumice Stone is a volcanic rock that consists of highly vesicular or
perforated volcanic glass.
Pumice Stone is created when super-heated and highly pressurized rock
is violently erupted from a volcano.
The unusual foamy configuration of pumice happens because of
simultaneous rapid cooling and rapid de-pressurization.
4. Characteristics of Pumice Stone
Pumice Stone float on water.
Pumice Stone commonly originated from Indonesia and Turkey.
Different sizes of Pumice Stones are available. such as:
2-5 cm which known as small Pumice Stone.
3-5 cm which known as medium size Pumice Stone. And
5-7cm which is known as Large size Pumice Stone.
The hardness of Pumice Stone in Mohr scale is 6.
The melting temperature of Pumice Stone is 15000˚ C.
pH value is 8 .
The density is 2.313g/cm3.
5. Selection of Pumice Stone:
Some points should be followed during selecting pumice stones for stone wash,
those are-
Pumice stone should be selected according to the end product and required
amount of effect needed on the garments.
Large and hard stones are suitable for heavy weight garments.
Smaller and soft stones are suitable for light weight garments.
Ratio of stone weight and garments weight is – [{(0.5 to 3)/1} kg].
Moisture content of pumice stone should be less than 5%.
Surface properties of pumice stone should be less than 5%.
Abrasion loss of pumice stones should be 35%.
Apparent density of pumice stone should be 0.5-0.75gm/cm3
6. Pumice stone usage in stone wash:
One of such washing is known as stone wash. In stone-washing the worn-out look
is given purposely.
The fabric is washed along with pumice stones. The stones and denim are spun
together in large industrial washing machines.
The longer they are spun together lighter the color of the fabric with better
contrasts would result.
The time duration of this procedure is set beforehand so as to avoid the tear and
wear of the fabric.
Thereafter, the fabric undergoes various other processes of rinsing, softening and
finally tumble-drying.
These stone-washed fabrics are used for different purposes — garment making as
well as for upholstery purpose.
7. Advantages of Pumice Stone:
Desired vintage effect on garments can be easily achieved by using
pumice stones.
Washed garments can achieve more soft effect by using pumice
stones.
The worn-out look is given purposely.
8. Disadvantages of pumice stone
usage
Stones could cause wear and tear of the fabric;
It creates the problem of environmental disposition of waste of the grit produced
by the stones.
High labor costs are to be borne as the pumice stones and their dust particles
produced are to be physically removed from the pockets of the garments and
machines by the laborers.
Denim is required to be washed several times in order to completely get rid of the
stones.
The process of stone-washing also harms big, expensive laundry machines.
10. References
Pumice stones used in Denim Washing (An Article from Textile Education)
Uses of Pumice Stone in Garment Washing (An Article from Merchandizing)
