A Talk Presented at the SHARP 2016 Conference in Paris

1. GEORGIAN PINGBACKS
UNDERSTANDING ATTRIBUTION AND PLAGIARISM IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY REPRINTING
INTERROGER L’ATTRIBUTION ET LE PLAGIAT DANS LA RÉIMPRESSION AU XIXE SIÈCLE
M. H. BEALS
ORCID: 0000-0002-2907-3313
LOUGHBOROUGH UNIVERSITY
@MHBEALS

2. SCISSORS-AND-PASTE JOURNALISM
A longstanding practice wherein one newspaper
reprints, in part of in whole, content from another
newspaper, with or without attribution, as part of an
explicit or implied reciprocity agreement.

3. PLAGIARISM OR DISTRIBUTION
Lou Bloomfield, Copyfind (version 4.1.4). Windows. Charlottesville, Va., 2016.

4. PLAGIARISM OR DISTRIBUTION
Undirected Network of Newspaper Reprints, 1818-1819. Gephi Consortium, Gephi (version 0.9.1 ). Windows. 2016.

5. PLAGIARISM OR DISTRIBUTION
John Christian Wood and M. H. Beals, Reprint Mapper (version 0.2.1). Windows. Loughborough, UK, 2016.

6. PLAGIARISM OR DISTRIBUTION

7. UNAUTHORISED AND UNATTRIBUTED TEXTS
Directed Network of Newspaper Reprints, 1818-1819. Gephi Consortium, Gephi (version 0.9.1 ). Windows. 2016.

8. IDENTIFYING ATTRIBUTION

9. GEORGIAN PINGBACKS PROJECT
Particular thanks to the following undergraduate students at Loughborough University:
Will Dickinson, Alice Gilbert, Ollie Luhrs, Alex Mackinder, Pooja Makwana,
Matthew McCulloch, Jonny Ord, Emily Stanyard and Rebecca Thompson.

10. GEORGIAN PINGBACKS PROJECT

11. GEORGIAN PINGBACKS PROJECT

12. GEORGIAN PINGBACKS PROJECT

13. PRELIMINARY RESULTS
The Ipswich Journal of 1820. David Huynh, Open Refine (version 2.6-beta.1 ). 2015.

14. PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Ipswich, 36
London, 27
Calais, 3 Cambridge, 3
Hanover, 3
Barking, 2 Dublin, 2
Eye, 2
Wisbech, 2
Woodbridge, 2
Barking Hall, 1
Bayonne, 1
Burking Hall, 1
Colchester, 1
Norwich, 1
Seme, 1
Smithfield Market, 1
Southwark, 1
Thoroughfare, 1
Other, 9

15. PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Foreign Office, 1
Hampshire Telegraph, 3
London Gazette, 5
Newry Telegraph, 1
The Bury Post, 1

16. THE ETHICS OF REPRINTING
The Sydney Gazette, 2 January 1819, p. 2

17. WOULD YOU LIKE TO KNOW MORE?
These Slides
http://tinyurl.com/mhbealssharp16
Georgian Pingbacks Project:
http://www.scissorsandpaste.net/Georgian_Pingbacks
Scissors and Paste Project
http://www.osf.io/nm2rq/
M. H. Beals
m.h.beals@lboro.ac.uk ∙ @mhbeals