Fingerprint Sensors for Mobile and Consumer Applications -- NEW Report Sample v2

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FOR MOBILE AND CONSUMER APPLICATIONS
FINGERPRINT SENSORS
Market Research Report
September 2016
Image from Electronics Weekly
Sample Version

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Fingerprint Sensors for Mobile and Consumer Applications | Market Research Report | mr@memsjournal.com
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Table of Contents
I. Executive Summary ……………………………………………….……….…
II. Fingerprint Sensor Market Landscape ……………………………….
1. Overview
2. Introduction to Biometrics
3. User Authentication Methods
4. Market Size and Growth
5. Top Buyers and Suppliers
6. Market Trends and Forces
i. Customer Demands and Opportunities
ii. Technology Advances and Challenges
iii. Current and Emerging Trends
iv. Barriers to Entry
III. Fingerprint Sensor Types and Technology …………………………
1. Overview
2. History of Fingerprint Sensors
3. Evolution of Fingerprint Sensors
4. Swipe Fingerprint Sensing
5. Touch Fingerprint Sensing
6. System Integration Methods
7. Fingerprint Sensor Fundamentals
8. Fingerprint Sensor Algorithms
9. Fingerprint Sensor Material
10.Fingerprint Sensor Types
i. Optical
ii. Ultrasonic
iii. Thermal
iv. Capacitive
i. Active
ii. Passive
v. RF Sensors
vi. Pressure
vii. Others
11.Anti-Spoofing
12.Patents and IP
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12
40
V. Fingerprint Sensor Functions and Applications ……………….
1. Overview
2. Functions
i. Password Replacement
ii. Mobile Payment
iii. Security
iv. Access Control
v. Personalization
3. Applications
i. Mobile
ii. Tablets
iii. Laptops
iv. IoT and Peripherals
v. Smart Cards
VI. Fingerprint Sensor Main Players .....................................
1. Overview
2. Market Competition
3. Fingerprint Sensor Suppliers
4. Industrial Partnerships
5. Mergers and Acquisitions
VII. Fingerprint Sensor Ecosystem ..…………............................
1. Overview
2. Fingerprint Sensor Supply Chain
i. Semiconductor Manufacturers
ii. Module and Packaging Integrators
iii. Semiconductor Integrators
iv. OEM Device Providers
3. Operating Systems and Software Platforms
4. Apps Development and Service Providers
5. Fingerprint Data Storage and Management
6. Privacy and Security
VIII. Related Technologies ..…………........................................
1. Overview
2. Semiconductor and Microelectronics Packaging
3. Advanced Security Technologies
Appendix: Emerging Trends and Recent Developments ........
About Us: MEMS Journal Market Intelligence Services ..……..
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155
180
191
208

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List of Figures
1. Fingerprint Sensor Development in Mobile and Consumer
Electronics
2. Biometric Industry Revenues
3. Global Forecast for Smartphones with Fingerprint Sensors
4. Number of Cellphone Models with Fingerprint Sensor
5. Global Smartphone Shipments from 2010 to 2019
6. Biometric Smartphone Shipments 2014
7. Fingerprint Sensor Market Share for Mobile Devices 2014
8. Global Smartphone Shipments: Top 10 Vendors 2013 - 2014
9. Global Fingerprint Sensor Volume vs. ASP
10. Global Smartphone and Tablet Market Size
11. Global Wearables Market Size by Device Category
12. Number of Devices in The Internet of Everything
13. Fingerprint Cards: Cost split 2015 (Estimation)
14. EBITDA and Margin (%) for FPC
15. Mobile Commerce Sales as % of all U.S. E-Commerce, 2014/15
16. Fingerprint Sensors in Smartphones
17. Fundamental Principle of Biometrics
18. Fundamental Principle of Fingerprint Sensing
19. Evolution of Fingerprint Sensor Integration
20. Cost versus Integration by Fingerprint Sensor Type
21. Patent Application Trends by Year
22. Time Evolution of Patent Publications
23. Mobile commerce fueling e-commerce growth
24. Smartphone ownership and relation to mobile banking
25. Fingerprint Sensor Market Share for Mobile Devices
26. IDEX partnership network
27. Fingerprint sensor Ecosystem
28. Fingerprint Supply Chain
29. Non-Apple fingerprint payment ecosystem
30. Automated mCommerce Work Flow
31. Consumer Adoption of Mobile Bill Payment is Rapidly Growing
32. Anatomy of an Apple Pay Transaction
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19
20
21
22
23
24
28
29
30
31
36
37
53
60
61
64
70
89
90
105
106
123
150
158
159
160
161
162
165

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Introduction
This report provides a comprehensive overview of fingerprint sensors and addresses several high level
questions:
– What are the different fingerprint sensor types?
– What are the applications and opportunities for fingerprint sensors?
– What are the emerging trends for fingerprint sensors in consumer and mobile?
– Who are the main players in the fingerprint sensor space?
The report contains the following sections:
I. Executive Summary
II. Fingerprint Sensor Market Landscape – Overview of fingerprint sensor use in mobile and consumer
electronics, including types of sensors, market size and growth, and industry trends
III. Fingerprint Sensor Types and Technology – History and evolution of fingerprint sensors, and a
comprehensive review of fingerprint sensor types, and current and emerging technologies
IV. Fingerprint Sensor Functions and Applications – Deep dive into the various functions that
fingerprint sensors enable along with mobile and consumer applications
V. Fingerprint Sensor Main Players – Presentation of fingerprint sensor suppliers, system integrators
and support companies (e.g. IP and algorithm providers)
VI. Fingerprint Sensor Ecosystem – An overview of how fingerprint sensors fit into existing and
emerging mobile and consumer ecosystems
VII. Related Technologies – Examples of related, complementary and competing technologies to
fingerprint sensors
Appendix A: Emerging Trends and Recent Developments – List and summary of recent fingerprint
sensor developments as reported in the media

17
Fujitsu introduced fingerprint sensors in phones back in 2003,
but it did not take off until Apple introduced Touch ID in 2013
Images from device manufacturers
Sources: ”IBM Introducing Fingerprint Reader into Laptop”, TechNewsWorld, October 2004
2002
Fujitsu F505i
(AuthenTec)
2006 2012 2016+2004 2008 2010
Fingerprint Sensor Development in Mobile and Consumer Electronics
(Fingerprint sensor provider in parenthesis)
Apple iPhone 5s
introduces Touch ID
Apple iPhone 5s
(Apple/AuthenTec)
HTC One Max
(Validity)
1st commercial cell phone
with fingerprint sensor
Samsung Galaxy S5
(Synaptics/Validity)
20001998 2014
Siemens PSE
Prototype
(Siemens/Infineon)
IBM ThinkPad T42
(Upek)
HP OB3000
Prototype
(Cogent)
Samsung Q1 Notebook
(AuthenTec)
LG PC XWZ-3011
(Unknown)
IBM Keyboard
(Upek)
NEC PCMCIA PK-
FP001M
(Veridicom)
Thermaltake Black V2
(Synaptics/Validity)
Barska Safe
(Unknown)
Heys BioCase 20”
(Unknown)
Le Max Pro
(Qualcomm)

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Fingerprint sensing in smartphones is outpacing the
forecasted global biometrics industry
Source: “The Future of Biometrics Market Research Report”, Acuity Market Intelligence, 2009, “Fingerprint Sensors Market by Type (Swipe &Area), Technology, Material (Optical Prism,
Piezoelectric, Capacitive & Adhesives), Application (Mobile, Government, Healthcare, Commercial Security & Others) & Geography - Global Forecast to 2014 - 2020”, MarketsAndMarkets, 2014
$0
$2,000
$4,000
$6,000
$8,000
$10,000
$12,000
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Millions
In 2009, the global biometric revenue growth to 2017 was estimated to reach $10.2B with a
CAGR of 19.69% (blue bars), but could not possibly have foreseen the wide adoption of
fingerprint sensors in cellphones (red bars) expected to reach $8.8B in 2017
Biometric Industry Revenues

22
When the iPhone 5s was announced in 2013, the market
expected Apple to lead the deployment of fingerprint sensors
Images from Samsung and Apple
Sources: “Mobile commerce will drive millions of biometric smartphone shipments, billions in transactions”, Biomerticupdate, September 2013
Apple
78%
Samsung
17%
Other
5%
Apple Samsung Other
Biometric Research Group predicted that Apple would ship 90 million smartphones with
biometric sensor in 2014 and drive mass-market adoption in mobile and consumer applications
Biometric Smartphone Shipments 2014
(as predicted in 2013)
Apple iPhone 5s
Samsung Galaxy S4

24
Fingerprint sensors for smartphones have been dominated by
a few companies, but the competition is tightening
Source: “Technology Hardware & Equipment”, CarnegieGoldfinger, September 2015
316
193
74 70
59 58
40 34
22 19
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Samsung Apple Huawei Lenovo LG Xiaomi Sony Microsoft
(Nokia)
HTC Rim
MillionsofUnits Global Smartphone Shipments: Top 10 Vendors 2013 - 2014
Fingerprint sensor in all or some models No fingerprint sensor

26
Fingerprint sensors for mobile and consumer applications
were dominated by a few companies in 2015
Source: “Technology Hardware & Equipment”, CarnegieGoldfinger, September, 2015
Company Location Technology Mass Production Major Customers
Fingerprint Cards Sweden Capacitive Yes HTC, Huawei, Sony, Lenovo
Goodix China Capacitive Yes MEIZU
Synaptics (Validity) USA Capacitive Yes Samsung
Egistec Taiwan Capacitive Yes Samsung
Next Biometrics Norway Active Thermal Yes Dell
Silead China Capacitive No -
IDEX Norway Capacitive No -
Qualcomm USA Ultrasonic No -
Vkansee China Optical No -
BYD China Capacitive No -
FocalTech Canada Capacitive No -
Microarray China Capacitive No -
Invensense USA Ultrasonic No -

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A variety of trends and forces are impacting the fingerprint
sensor industry and its players
Consumer
Demand
Biometric
Identification
Technology
Advances
Technology
Challenges
Unit Cost
Mobile
Commerce
Fingerprint sensors
have long been
available on laptops
for secure user
authentication. In
smartphones,
fingerprint sensors
have gone from
being “gimmicky”
to become a must
have. Simplified
and secure user
login as well as
support for
authenticating
mobile payments
are differentiated
features for
smartphones with
fingerprint sensors.
In mobile and
consumer devices
that increasingly
maintain sensitive
user data, there is a
need for “failure
proof” user
authentication that
is more secure than
pass codes and
passwords.
Fingerprint sensing
is less costly and
easier to use than
many other
biometric
applications. They
are relatively easy
to configure and
use.
Apple’s integration
of a fast and
accurate touch
fingerprint sensor
in the iPhone 5s
sparked a flurry of
innovation by
competitors trying
to catch up.
Suppliers are
focusing on faster,
smaller and lower-
cost solutions. New
technologies like
ultrasonic versions
promise solutions
that can be more
seamlessly
integrated and read
through dirt or
water on fingers.
Capacitive sensors
are sensitive to
contamination and
need a “window” to
the outside world.
Alternative
technologies are
trying to address
these short-
comings. There are
also trade-offs
between size and
accuracy. The
preferred touch
sensor must cover a
certain area of the
finger to be
accurate and this
limits the size and
unit cost.
With ASPs over $5,
fingerprint sensor
modules can only
be implemented in
high-end devices.
Chipsets can be
procured for less
($3), but added
third-party
assembly makes it
too expensive for
low-end
smartphones. The
inflection point for
low-end
smartphones in
Asia is $50-100,
with BOMs less
than $45-$80.
These markets
require an ASP of
$1-$1.5.
The future of
mobile commerce is
in your hand, in the
form of a wireless
device. Consumers
are increasingly
using their smart
devices to perform
online purchases
and use banking
services. User
authorization of
mobile payments
need secure user
authentication,
which could be in
the form of secure
biometric
identification
systems like
fingerprint sensors.
Sources: See following pages

44
…ultrasonic technology revolutionizes biometrics from 2D to
3D, allowing for greater accuracy, privacy and stronger
authentication
“ “
Raj Talluri, SVP
Qualcomm, March 2015
What is being said about fingerprint sensor technology
…imagine renting a car and as you touch the door, the seat,
in-cabin temperature, even the radio is automatically set to
your desired preferences before you get inside
“ “
Sebastien Taveau, Chief Evangelist
Synaptics, 2014
People expect to make payments, use the phone to enter
doors and expect the [fingerprint] sensors to access
important applications in the cloud
“ “
Tore Etholm-Idsø, CEO
NEXT Biometrics, 2015

60
Touch fingerprint sensors are shrinking in size for mobile and
consumer applications
Image from Synaptics
Source: “Synaptics announces new ultra-slim area touch fingerprint sensor”, Android Community, February 2016
Sensor Element
(Capacitive touch
fingerprint sensor)
This Natural ID FS4304 fingerprint sensor from Synaptics is only 3.55mm wide, which allows
it to be mounted on the side of a smartphone in, for example, a volume rocker button.
Synaptics has already shipped over 50M or the FS4300 family of fingerprint sensors
Semi-Rigid PCB
(Hard PCB for mounting
sensor element and flex
flat cable interconnect)

73
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Optical sensing is the oldest live-scan fingerprint reading
method and it is also the bulkiest and easiest to spoof
Images from Embedded and Laserfocusworld
Source: “Dealing with the minutiae of fingerprint analysis”, Embedded, 2011
Optical readers use refracted visible light over a glass prism. The light that is not absorbed
is reflected back, collected by an optical lens and transmitted to a camera (CCD or CMOS).
Optical sensors can be spoofed by a 2D image of a fingerprint if it does not have a “live
finger“ detecting mechanism
CMOS Image Sensor

92
Fingerprint sensors is the most reliable biometric technology
and capacitive sensing is the most widely used
Source: “Fingerprint Sensors Patent Landscape”, KnowMade, January 2015
Smartphones have provided a growth in capacitive fingerprint sensors and more than 650
patent families related to capacitive fingerprint sensing have been published worldwide up
to October 2014. Siemens published the first capacitive fingerprint sensor in the early
1980s with Philips following with a second patent a decade later. More than 15 companies
are heavily involved in capacitive fingerprint sensing IP, including electronics companies,
semiconductor manufacturers, mobile device providers and fingerprint sensor component
providers

100
Fingerprint sensor functionality comparison for five high-end
smartphones
Images from Samsung, Apple, Huawei and Meizu
Source: “Fingerprint scanners comparison: Galaxy S6 vs iPhone 6 vs Note 4 vs Huawei Mate7 vs Meizu MX4 Pro”, PhoneArena, July 2015
Fingerprint Sensor Functionality by Smartphone
Model Galaxy S6 iPhone 6 Note 4 Mate 7 Meizu MX4 Pro
Supplier Samsung Apple Samsung Huawei Meizu
Sensor size 0.13in² 0.12in² 0.14in² 0.16in² 0.14in²
Works when wet? No No No No No
Ergonomics Good Very Good Poor Excellent Good
Wake on scan? No No No Yes No
Read again on fail? No No No No No
App lock No No No Yes Yes
Use for payments? Yes Yes Yes No No
Website sign in? Yes No Yes No No

107
Mobile commerce (mCommerce) sales were 34% worldwide in
Q1 2015 and expected to increase to 40% by the end of 2015
Source: “Can’t Afford To Invest In Mobile?”, Lynx Press, August 2015
https://www.internetretailer.com/2015/08/1
8/mobile-commerce-now-30-all-us-e-
commerce
mCommerce is a driving factor for the use of fingerprint sensors for authentication in
smartphones. Goldman Sachs estimated $204B in mobile commerce transactions for 2014
and that it will reach $626B by 2018

119
Examples of access control devices with fingerprint sensors
Images from Jobsnhire, Navkar Systems and Tapplock
Sources: “Alaska Airlines Testing Fingerprint Scanners To Hasten Boarding”, Jobs&Hire, 2015; “Upcoming Apple TV Remote To Get Touch ID Sensor Integration?”, TechGiri, July 2014
Boarding System for Alaskan Airline
Alaskan Airline is attempting to solve the issue of
damaged and lost boarding passes by using
fingerprint scanning. 200 frequent flyers have
been selected to test this system in San Jose, CA
Bio-Lift Elevator
Elevator access control device that can store up
to 2,000 fingerprints. Gives the user vocal
confirmation when identifying a fingerprint
Semi-Automatic Bi-Directional Turnstile
Turnstile to be used for access control indoors or
outdoors. This model includes and RFID reader
and a fingerprint scanner
Pad Lock
The TappLock from Pishon Lab comes in two
flavors; one with 3 year battery life and a smaller
that lasts 6 months. It stores up to 100 fingerprints

135
FlexEnable and partner ISORG have developed the world’s
first large area fingerprint sensor on plastic
Images from FlexEnable
Source: “FlexEnable and ISORG reveal first large area fingerprint and vein sensor on plastic”, University of Cambridge, January 2016
Fingerprint Sensor Provider | FlexEnable| www.flexenable.com
• FlexEnable is a leader in the development and industrialization of
flexible organic electronics, and recently announced a flexible
fingerprint sensor developed together with ISORG, a pioneer in
photodetectors and image sensors in printed electronics
• The label-thin sensing area can be applied to almost any surface and
even wrap around objects, like a car steering wheel
• FlexEnable’s technology is based on organic thin-film transistors (OTFT)
• Extra security is enabled with this flexible sensor due to the ability to
capture the user’s vein patterns in the finger. This is based on ISORG’s
organic photodiode (OPD) technology
• No design wins have been reported as this technology is new and
might still be under development before it is ready for prime time and
mass production/adoption in real applications
• Chuck Milligan, CEO stated in January, 2016: “…imagine a mobile
device whose surface or edges know who is holding or touching the
device” and Jean-Yves Gomez, CEO of ISORG followed up with: “…no
other solution can offer large area sensing as well as finger print and
veins recognition while being flexible, light and robust”
Key Team Members
• Chuck Milligan, CEO
FlexEnable’s Flexible Transistor Technology
FlexEnable’s Plastic Fingerprint
and Vein Sensor

160
Fingerprint sensor ecosystems include companies from
component suppliers to system integrators and OEMs
Semiconductor Integrators
Consumer and Mobile Device Providers
Sub-Module & Packaging Integrators
Fingerprint Sensor Providers
ASIC Semiconductor Manufacturers
Images from company logos

177
The FIDO (Fast IDentity Online) Alliance addresses the lack of
interoperability between user authentication devices
Images from FIDO Alliance
FIDO Alliance is Standardizing Security
• The FIDO ("Fast IDentity Online") Alliance was
launched in 2013 as an industry consortium to
tackle user authentication interoperability issues
• Founders included Nok Nok Labs, PayPal and
Lenovo. By the end of 2015, the total number of
members were more than 200
• FIDO aims to develop specifications that support
a range of authentication technologies, including
biometrics like fingerprint and iris scanners, voice
and facial recognition, as well as existing
solutions such as Trusted Platform Modules
(TPM)
• Password-less UX (UAF) uses local biometric or
PIN authentication
• Second Factor UX (U2F) uses a simplified
password (i.e. 4 digit pin)

184
Fingerprint sensors are expected to leverage 3D packaging like
fan-out wafer level packaging (FOWLP)
Images from i-micronews
Sources: “Fan-out Wafer Level Packaging (FOWLP)”, Solid State Technology, December 2015
“Apple Wants A Slimmer iPhone 7 And Will Reportedly Use Fan-Out Packaging Technology”, Tech Times, April 2016
Fan-Out Wafer Level Packaging (FOWLP)
• FOWLP is a 3D packaging technology originally
developed by Infineon in 2007 and called
embedded wafer-level ball grid array (eWLB)
• FOWLP provides cost-effective, high-density
connections and small footprint packages
• All assembly is happening on the wafer level and
is unrestricted by the die size
• A major application for FOWLP is smartphones
and tablets with their tight size constraints in
component footprint and height
• iPhone 7 is rumored to use FOWLP for the audio
frequency chip and antenna switching module to
achieve a thinner and lighter model
• Amongst new opportunities for using FOWLP
technology are fingerprint sensors, MEMS and
wearable electronics
Examples of SiP/multi-die eWLB Packages

210210
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