7. とき
とき connects 2 sentences and expresses the time when the
state or action described happens.
図書館で本を借りるとき、カードがいります。
When you borrow books in the library, you need a card.
やきゅうの試合があるとき、テレビを見ます。
When there is a baseball match, I watch TV.
会議室を出るとき、エアコンをけしましたか。
When you go out the meeting room, did you switch the aircon
off?
使い方がわからないとき、私に聞いてください。
If (when) you don’t understand how to use it, please ask me.
体の調子が悪い時、「元気茶」を飲みます。
When I am not in good shape, I drink genki cha.
ひまな時、家へ遊びに来ませんか。
When you are free, won’t you come to my house?
学生の時、時々アルバイトをしました。
When I was a student, I sometimes did a part-time job.
8. とき
When とき is used in the present tense
and the past tense of verbs, the meaning
differs.
When とき is used with the present tense,
it indicates that the action is not completed
When とき is used with the past tense, it
indicates the completion of the action
家へ帰るとき、ケーキを買います。
家へ帰った時、「ただいま」と言います。
日本に行くとき、カメラを買います。
日本に行った時、すしを食べます。
16. Dictionary form / plain present negative +
‘と’
This conditional form is used when the first event/action
happens, then the next action happens as a
consequence / as a result immediately or happens
certainly.
So second action happens naturally, inevitably,
repetitively or automatically after the first action.
This is also used when it means a ‘discovery’ or ‘past
habit’ if a 2nd sentence is in the past.
This is often translated as ‘when’, ‘if’ or ‘whenever’.
と is often used when stating instructions, natural laws,
principles, etc
Sentences which means ‘will, hope’, ‘command’,
‘suggestions’, ‘wish’, ‘invitation’ or ‘request’ do not follow
といい(is good)、とだめ(is no good) are useful phrases
result
repetitive
Discovery
Past habit
Definitely
happens
Difficulty
Warning
18. Dictionary form / plain present negative +
‘と’
と is used for both spoken and written
と can NOT take volitional expressions
と is NOT used for situations which may or may not
happen. In other words, this is generally used when
something is always happens.
There is a strong connection with first and second
sentence.
When this is used with negatives such as 食べないと,
this often express ‘difficulty’ or ‘warning’
When it is used with the past tense, it expresses a
‘discovery’, ‘past habit’ or ‘repetitive action of the same
person’
