Spatial Information From Stone to Cloud
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Spatial information describes the physical location and relationships between objects. Early maps provided directions and explained the world, while modern spatial thinking involves visualizing locations, distances, and changes over time and space. The evolution of technology now allows spatial data and analysis to be integrated and shared through cloud-based GIS platforms and web applications.
![© RTA 2 010 What’s Spatial Information ? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],April, 2010](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)
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Spatial Information From Stone to Cloud
- 1. Spatial Information From Stone to Cloud… Presented by Eng. Mohamad Hassan Obeid Senior GIS Analyst
- 5. © RTA 2 010 T-O Maps A “T” and “O” map (“T-O”, with the letter T inside an O), is a type of medieval world map (7 th Century) The T is the Mediterranean, the Nile, and the Don (formerly called the Tanais) dividing the three continents, Asia, Europe and Africa, and the O is the encircling ocean. April, 2010
- 6. © RTA 2 010 Evolution of Spatial representation April, 2010
- 7. © RTA 2 010 Need for Spatial Analysis - An Early case Cholera Cases Soho, London 1854 Air Pollution or Drinking Water ? Map created by Dr. John Snow to locate the source of cholera cases April, 2010
- 10. © RTA 2 010 It’s always about “Where?”… Where is the traffic jam ? What are the reasons ? Where are the areas that will be damaged in case of flood ? What precautions to take in case of heavy rain ? Where are the areas damaged by earthquake ? How to plan rescue ? Where I have low revenue ? How to improve business ? Where is the best areas to build a mall, school, hospital...? What are the needs ? April, 2010
- 11. © RTA 2 010 GIS – Integrating Spatial with Technology April, 2010
- 12. 480585.5, 3769234.6 483194.1, 3768432.3 485285.8, 3768391.2 484327.4, 3768565.9 483874.7, 3769823.0 Hardcopy Maps Digital Data Coordinates Orthophotos GIS – Sources of Spatial Information GPS © RTA 2 010 April, 2010 Spatial Data
- 13. It’s not only a question of where ? It’s also a question of what ? What is it? Where is it? Attribute Information Location Information GIS – Model of Spatial Information © RTA 2 010 April, 2010
- 14. Attributes Geometry Behavior Topological Rules Each feature corresponds to a record in the attribute table GIS – Spatial Information Elements © RTA 2 010 April, 2010 Streets Building outlines must not overlap parcel outlines
- 15. © RTA 2 010 GIS – Functions Query Analyze Store Display Capture Output Buildings Streets Reality Customers April, 2010
- 16. © RTA 2 010 How GIS Helps ? April, 2010
- 17. Technology is Changing the Role of GIS © RTA 2 010 April, 2010
- 19. Web GIS make it easy to share spatial information © RTA 2 010 April, 2010 Online Sharing Layer packages Other data Use in GIS Desktop Serve Author using GIS Desktop
- 20. Google and Microsoft are good examples of Web GIS Microsoft Bing Maps Google Maps © RTA 2 010 April, 2010 Google Earth 3D
- 21. © RTA 2 010 “ Mashup” Mashup is a web hybrid application that combines data from more than one source into an integrated experience. With Web-based mapping providers (e.g. google and bing), users can easily create a map-based mashup with little or no capital investment. April, 2010
- 22. © RTA 2010 Mashup – Where to rent a House ? April, 2010
- 23. © RTA 2010 Mashup – Where to book a hotel ? April, 2010
- 24. © RTA 2010 Mashup – E-bay, Where are my items ? April, 2010
- 25. © RTA 2010 Mashup – Where is my ship ? April, 2010
- 26. © RTA 2010 Mashup – Where to park my car ? April, 2010
- 27. © RTA 2010 Mashup – Where is my car ? April, 2010
- 28. © RTA 2010 Mashup – Where is the bus ? April, 2010
- 32. “ GIS on the Cloud” – GISCloud.com © RTA 2 010 April, 2010
- 33. “ GIS on the Cloud” – ArcGISOnline.com © RTA 2 010 April, 2010
- 34. “ GIS on the Cloud” – ArcGISOnline.com Public Cloud Application Infrastructure Platform © RTA 2 010 April, 2010 ArcGIS Desktop Web Maps ArcGIS Explorer ArcGIS Server ArcGIS Mobile ArcGIS Online Maps ArcGIS Online Services Business Analyst Online ArcGIS Online Sharing Online Support Resource Centers Hosted ArcGIS Server Online Data Centers
- 35. © RTA 2 010 Spatial Information Today “ People don’t need to know geography, they need to do geography…” Daniel C. Edelson Vice President for Education National Geographic Society April, 2010
Notes de l'éditeur
- It is estimated that approximately 80% of all information has a "spatial" or geographic component. (In other words, most information is tied to a place.)
- Geometry Geometry represents the geographic features associated with real-world locations. Geographic features are abstracted into points, lines, or areas. Attributes Attributes provide descriptive characteristics of the geographic features. Behavior Behavior means geographic features can be made to follow certain types of editing, display, or analysis rules, depending on circumstances defined by the user.