Classic control an Introduction

1. Classic control
an Introduction
Eng. : Mohamed ElKenany

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Introduction:-
It is a type of control system’s which is used in limited projects it
depends Only on hardware in it we use some specific devices for
specific tasks .
o Hard-Wiredcontrol System.
o See – Act control System.
o Switch Logiccontrol Systems.
o Limited projects control Systems.
o Essential Part of any System.
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Circuits :-
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Voltage :-
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Voltage :-
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▪ Rectification

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Voltage :-
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▪ converters

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Voltage :-
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▪ Drives

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Load Estimation :-
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▪ At first we must know our load characteristics :
• Active power “In watt”
• Working voltage “line value”
• Rated current “In amp“
• Load power factor
• Efficiency
▪ Full-load current is given by :-
• 3-phase loads : I = Pn / (√3 x V x η x cos ϕ)
• 1-phase loads : I = Pn / (V x η x cos ϕ)
▪ DC Loads :-
• I = P / V or P = I^2 * R
“standard tables”

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Example:-
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You have a 30 (HP) 3 phase induction motor with 0.85 Power Factor
and 380 Vline . what is your max Amps with S.F
1- P (w) = P (HP) * 746 = 30 *746 = 22380 watt
2- P (w) = √3 × I (A) × VL (V) ×PF
3- 22380 = √3 × I (A) × 380 × .85
4- I (A) = 40 A I (A)
5- S.F = 40 × 1.25 = 50 (A)
▪ 1.5 amp For “1” HP
▪ 2 amp for “1” kw
▪ “1” HP = 746 watt

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Control Loop :-
sensing
elements
Actuators
loads
Controller
▪ physical quantity
( heat , pressure,
sound , distance)
▪ Feedback
▪ I Give it a set point and some condition
for the process that I want
▪ Electrical signal which
have Commands from
controller to loads
▪ physical quantity but this
time quantity which
I need like ( motion of
some thing )
▪ Set point
▪ Electrical signal
which have the
information of
quantity that
measured

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logic operation :-
1- AND Gate
▪ output action will become TRUE only if
all events are TRUE

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2- OR Gate
▪ output become TRUE if only one “OR”
more events are TRUE
logic operation :-

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logic operation :-
▪ INVERT or COMPLEMENTATION function.
▪ known as Inverters because they invert the signal.
▪ Represented by a normally closed switch.
3- Not Gate

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Type of Signal :-
▪ It is a function that conveys information about the behavior or attributes of a
phenomenon which happened around our system or inside it “there are two types”
❑ Digital Signal : Signal which has only two value “ 0 ” or “ 1 ”
❑ Analog Signal : Signal which has different values when change
“Range of values ( from -5v to 5v ) ”

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Automation studio:-

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Classic control :-
▪ Control Panel

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Classic control :-
▪ Control Panel

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Classic control :-
▪ Lamps
▪ only used as indication for state change

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Classic control :-
▪ Switches

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Classic control :-
▪ Switches

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Classic control :-
▪ Switches

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Classic control :-
▪ Relay
▪ It is an electromagnetic switch which use magnetic field to open and Close its contacts
❑ coil
❑ Auxiliary contacts

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Classic control :-
▪ Relay

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Classic control :-
▪ Relay

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Classic control :-
▪ Relay
▪ moving parts in relay which is used To connect or disconnect our circuit
1- Cannot afford main loads
2- used In control circuits
❑ Auxiliary contacts:
▪ Relay may have more than one contact
▪ Max current 20 Amp
▪ Latching relay
❑ Coil:
▪ Is an electrical conductor, wire in the shape as Coil, when current is
passed through the wire of The coil it generates a magnetic field it has
standard Voltage ranges “5, 7, 12, 24…” DC “12, 24, 110, 220…” AC

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Classic control :-
▪ Relay

28. ThankYou
Mohamed El-Kenany
01094997870
muhamed.abdelghaffar@gmail.com