VA Standards of Learning

1. SPANISH
AMERICAN
WAR
US HISTORY II
USII.5A

2. VERY IMPORTANT…
Do NOT write down any notes
until you are TOLD TO DO SO!
THERE ARE SEPARATE SLIDES FOR THE NOTES!

3. DIGITAL RESOURCES:
History Channel: Theodore Roosevelt Fights in the
Spanish American War (3:09)
The Century: America’s Time
Seeds of Change (1 of 3)
Start/Stop Times:
• 4:32 – 7:50 (Spanish American War)
• 7:50 – 10:13 (Panama Canal)

4. HISTORICAL THINKING MATTERS:
SPANISH AMERICAN WAR
http://www.youtube.com/watch
?v=q1goSNElCyE#t=116

5. BRAINSTORM: WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO “COLONIZE”

6. At the height of its power, the _________ Empire
was the largest in the world.
Spanish
On your blank map, label the following territories/countries:
1. Spain 5. Panama
2. Florida (& the Florida Keys) 6. Philippines
3. Cuba 7. Guam
4. Puerto Rico
Atlas
Activity

7. By the late 1800’s, the Spanish
Empire had dwindled to a few
possessions in Africa, the Pacific and
the Caribbean. They were not nearly
as powerful as they once had been.

11. Florida – Adams-Onis Treaty

21. WORLD EMPIRES
1900-1914

22. THE SPANISH
AMERICAN WAR
Start: April 25, 1898
End: August 12, 1898
Only 3 months of
actual fighting!

23. BACKGROUND:
CUBAN REBELLION AGAINST
SPANISH RULE
• The people of Cuba had lived
under Spanish rule for centuries
and they were tired of it. Cubans
rebelled many times in the late
1800’s but were always
overpowered by Spain.
• ____________, a hero of the
Cuban Independence Movement,
fled to the U.S. to gather money,
arms, and troops.
Jose
Marti

24. CUBAN REBELLION…
• In 1895, a new fight
for independence
broke out in Cuba.
• Rebels burned
___________ fields
and destroyed
property in hopes of
driving out the
Spanish Empire.
sugarcane

25. HOW DID THE UNITED
STATES REACT?
• American business and
government leaders
worried about the
violence in Cuba.
• Many sugar plantations
were owned by
Americans, and they lost
_________ when the
________ was
destroyed
money
So, the U.S. became involved in order to protect
American ___________________ in Cuba.business interests
sugar

26. SPANISH MISTREATMENT
OF THE CUBANS
• Images of Cubans suffering at the
hands of the Spanish government
created support among the American
people for the Cuban rebels.
• In 1896, Spanish General Weyler
started the “Reconcentracíon Policy”-
-PBS: Crucible of Empire

27. YELLOW JOURNALISM
• The American press,
especially
_____________, covered
every tragedy in detail.
• Newspapers tried to
______ each other with
__________ reports.
• These were
sensationalized, biased,
and often _____ reports
• The more shocking the
story…the more
newspapers they sold!
newspapers
false Left – Pulitzer Right - Hearst
Click here for info on
the newspaper wars
outdo
shocking

28. YELLOW
JOURNALISM…

29. • When rioting broke
out in Havana,
President McKinley
felt forced to send a
US Navy ship to
monitor the
situation.
• The USS _______,
a 10-year-old
battleship arrived in
Havana Harbor in
January of 1898.
USS MAINE
Maine

30. • Three weeks later, the U.S.S.
Maine blew up in the harbor,
killing 260 American sailors.
DID SPAIN SINK OUR SHIP?

31. “REMEMBER
THE MAINE”
The Yellow Journals
had a field day and
the cry went out
among Americans
from coast to coast:

32. - No one knows
for sure whether
the explosion
was an accident
or the result of
sabotage
- Most historians
now agree that it
was an issue in
the furnace
room…no fault
of Spain!

33. FIRST STRIKE: THE BATTLE
OF MANILA BAY
• Spain had controlled the Philippines
for over 300 years!
• The United States opened with a
surprise attack in the ___________,
far from Cuba, by sinking the _______
naval fleet in the Pacific.
• Spain lost around 400 men, but the
U.S. had less than ten casualties.
• The war lasted a little over 3 months
and ended with an American victory!
Spanish
The USS Olympia at the Battle of Manila Bay
Philippines

34. OUTCOME OF THE
TREATY OF PARIS
Spain had to give the U.S.
control of the Philippines,
Guam, Puerto Rico, and Cuba
 The Philippines (colony)
 Guam (colony)
 Puerto Rico (colony)
 Cuba - gained independence
from Spain but were
temporarily a “protectorate”
under U.S. control

36. What was the impact of the United States gaining
these territories from Spain?
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA = WORLD POWER

37. TIME TO FILL
IN YOUR
NOTES
• REASONS FOR THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR
• RESULTS OF THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR

38. REASONS FOR THE
SPANISH AMERICAN WAR:
1. Protection of American
________________ in Cuba.
2. American support of Cuban
_____ to gain independence
from ______.
3. Rising tensions between
Spain and the United States
as a result of sinking of the
_________ in the Havana
Harbor.
4. Exaggerated _____ reports
of events with ______
journalism.
business interests
Spain
rebels
USS
Maine
yellow
news

39. RESULTS OF THE SPANISH
AMERICAN WAR:
• The United States emerged
as a world ______.
• Cuba gained independence
from _______.
• The United States gained
possession of the
___________,
_______, and ______ ____.
Spain
power
Philippines
Guam Puerto Rico

40. Summary: The Spanish American War
When: April 25, 1898 – August 12, 1898 (3½months of actual fighting)
Where:
• Cuba & Puerto Rico (Caribbean)
• Philippines & Guam (Asia-Pacific)
Outcome: American Victory; officially ended with the Treaty of Paris
• America became a “protectorate” over Cuba
• Collapse of the Spanish Empire… Spain no longer a world power
• Outbreak of the Philippine-American War (a brief conflict the U.S. adopted
from the previous rulers)
Territory Changes:
• Spain relinquished control over Cuba to the United States
• Spain surrendered Puerto Rico and Guam to the United States
• Spain also surrendered the Philippine Islands to the United States in
exchange for $20 million dollars
Most important fact to remember…
The United States emerged as a World Power because it
gained colonies in the Caribbean and the Pacific.

41. Roosevelt & the Panama Canal
UP NEXT….