This document provides instructions on sentence diagramming, which is a method for visually representing the grammatical structure of sentences. It outlines 5 key skills for diagramming sentences: identifying the central parts of a sentence (subject, predicate, direct object, indirect object), establishing the relationships between those parts, showing those relationships with lines on a diagram, assigning modifiers like adjectives to the appropriate parts, and drawing the modifiers onto the diagram. Several examples of diagramming various types of sentences are provided to demonstrate applying these skills.

1. Sentence Diagramming Key skills

2. 5 key skills Identify central parts of the sentence Establish relationships between those parts Show those relationships with correct lines in the diagram Assign modifiers to each sentence part Draw in modifiers for each part on the diagram

3. Identify parts There are four central parts of a sentence Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object Practice finding each part in the following sentences

4. Identify parts We eat. You draw? Sit down. Grab the broom. She sings the National Anthem. Did you bring me the books? The Gorillaz gave the audience a great show.

5. Identify parts Weeat. Youdraw? (you) Sit down. (you) Grab the broom. Shesings the National Anthem. Didyoubringme the books? The Gorillazgave the audience a great show. Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object

6. Identify parts Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object The system still works for sentences with more than one of the same part, like these: - Ihave been drawing comics and dancing. - Claire and Pierre are bringing usfood. - My sistercooked themmacaroni and cheese and beans, and cleaned up the kitchen. - Ihave finished Scenes 1, 2 and 3 of Act 2!

7. Identify parts Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object My Dominican father and I always cooked while we listened to Spanish music. Every Saturday night, I played sous-chef and made rice. Expose yourself to different flavors. Sosa left us an exclusive beet carpaccio recipe. That blog offers vegetarians creative options and delicious snacks.

8. Identify parts Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object My Dominican father and I always cooked while welistened to Spanish music. Every Saturday night, Iplayedsous-chefandmaderice. (you) Exposeyourself to different flavors. Sosaleftus an exclusive beet carpacciorecipe. That blogoffers new vegetarians creative options and delicious snacks.

9. Establish relationships Each central part of the sentence has its own place on the diagram, based on its job. Who is doing? What is the action? What is the action applied to? Does the direct object go to someone or something? subjectpredicatedirect object indirect object

10. Establish relationships Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object Some sentences have more than one part with the same job (like two subjects or three direct objects). Try circling subject and predicate, underlining the direct object and boxing any indirect objects. - My sistercooked themmacaroni and cheese and beans, and cleaned up the kitchen. - Ihave finished Scenes 1, 2 and 3 of Act 2!

11. Show relationships The diagram helps to show the job of each part in a sentence. Each part of the diagram has its own place for a reason – it shows the job of the word (or words) in the sentence. Incorrect diagrams ‘lie’ about the job of the word in the sentence – or make the word’s job very unclear. Work to draw the lines correctly. subjectpredicatedirect object indirect object

12. Show relationships Remember these sentences? Notice that both of them have more than one direct object. The job of the direct object will not change. However, their relationship to the predicate is unique. Their diagrams will look different because the relationships are different. Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object - My sistercooked themmacaroni and cheese and beans, and cleaned up the kitchen. - Ihave finished Scenes 1, 2 and 3 of Act 2!

13. cooked cleaned Show relationships Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object macaroni and cheese beans Scene 1 Scene 2 Scene 3 sister Ihave finished them These two direct objects are only related to the action ‘cooked,’ but not cleaned. All three scenes are related to the action ‘have finished.’ The diagrams help to show the right relationships.

14. Show relationships Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object My Dominican father and I always cooked while welistened to Spanish music. father I cooked while Notice how both father and I are related to cooked? The diagram comes together to show the connection. listened to we music

15. Show relationships Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object Try these: Every Saturday night, Iplayedsous-chefandmaderice. (you) Exposeyourself to different flavors. Sosaleftus an exclusive beet carpacciorecipe. That blogoffers new vegetarians creative options and delicious snacks.

16. Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object

17. Assign modifiers Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object Conjunction Adjective oradjective or adjective Most sentences contain parts that are not central – not shown on the basic diagram – but describe or ‘add to’ (modify) the central parts. These are things like adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, phrases and more. So far, we have only learned how to add adjectives to the diagram. Adjectives always modify nouns, and are shown as diagonal lines below the noun it’s related to. Find the adjectives in these sentences

18. Identify parts Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object Conjunction Adjective oradjective or adjective My Dominican father and I always cooked while welistened to Spanish music. Every Saturday night, Iplayedsous-chefandmaderice. (you) Exposeyourself to different flavors. Sosaleftus an exclusive beet carpacciorecipe. That blogoffers new vegetarians creative options and delicious snacks.

19. Assign modifiers Subject Predicate Direct object Indirect object Conjunction Adjective oradjective or adjective My Dominican father and I always cookedwhilewelistened to Spanishmusic. Every Saturday night, Iplayedsous-chefandmaderice. (you) Exposeyourself to different flavors. Sosaleftusan exclusive beet carpacciorecipe. Thatblogoffersnewvegetarianscreativeoptionsand delicious snacks.

20. Assign modifiers Be clear about the relationships between adjectives and nouns (or adverbs and verbs, adjectives or adverbs) Again, add your lines below the baseline to the right place to show the right relationships. Thatblogoffersnewvegetarianscreativeoptionsand delicious snacks.

21. Retake | diagram each sentence My nose was runny because I had a nasty cold. Buy me some more DayQuil! I napped and watched some daytime tv. I slurped tomato soup and some chai tea, and munched a cheese melt. My friends visited and brought me a great movie.