Social interaction, social structure

2. Group members:
M.Awais Kaleem
Aleem Javaid
Abdul Ghani
Umair Javed
Azka Zaffar

3. Sociology
Topics:
 Socialization
 Social development
 Mind and emotions
 Social interaction
 Social structure
 Socialization in gender

4. Socialization:
 Socialization is a process interacts with others and
shape as well as mold his/her personality according
to the prescribed norms of a society.
 Socialization is the process through which a person,
from birth through death, is taught the norms,
customs, values, and roles of the society in which
they live.
 This process serves to incorporate new members into
a society so that they and it can function smoothly.
 It is guided by family, teachers and coaches, religious
leaders, peers, community, and media, among
others.

5. Socialization
and the
groupthink

6. The purpose of socialization:
 Socialization is the process by which a person
learns to be a member of a group, community, or
society.
 Its purpose is to incorporate new members into
social groups, but it also serves the dual purpose
of reproducing the groups to which the person
belongs.
 Without socialization, we would not even be able
to have a society because there would be no
process through which the norms, values, ideas,
and customs that compose a society could be
transmitted.

7. What are the Functions of
Socialization in the Society?
 It converts humans from biological being to
social being.
 It contributes in personality development.
 It helps to become disciplined.
 It helps to perform different roles.
 It establishes knowledge and skills.
 It contributes in the stability of social order.
 It transmits culture from one generation to
other.
 It creates right aspirations in social life.

8.  Primary socialization is the stage that
occurs from birth through adolescence. It
is guided by family and primary
caregivers, teachers, coaches and religious
figures, and one's peer group.
 Secondary socialization occurs throughout
our lives, as we encounter groups and situations
that were not a part of our primary socialization
experience. For some, this includes a college or
university experience, where many encounter
new or different populations, norms, values,
and behaviors. Secondary socialization also
takes place where we work.

9. Socialization in gender
Gender Socialization:
 The process of learning the social
expectations attitudes associated with
one’s sex.
 The tendency for boys and girls to be
socialized differently.
Gendering:
The process of a child’s learning of his/her
gender identity.

10. Gender role;
A set of behaviors , attitude and personality
characteristics expected and encouraged of
a person based on his or her sex.

11. Social development:
What is social development?
 Social development refers to the process by
which a child learns to interact with others
around them.
 They also gain skills to communicate with
other people and process their actions.
 Also involves learning the values, knowledge
and skills that enable children to relate to
others effectively and to contribute in positive
ways to family, school and the community.

13. Social development in young
children;
 Friendships and relationships with other children become
more important to children as they grow and begin to learn
about getting along with others. Children who learn positive
friendship skills have been shown to develop better
relationships with others, which benefits their mental health
and wellbeing.
 This does not mean children will always want to play with
others; many children like some time to do their own thing, but
everyone needs a friend and the skills to be able to relate to
others when they want to or need to.
 ‘The single best childhood predictor of adult adaptation is not
IQ, not school grades and not classroom behavior but rather
the adequacy with which the child gets along with other
children.

14. SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT IN OLDER CHILDREN:
 Children’s understandings of
responsibility are influenced by their
families, by school staff, by community
members, by other children and also by
the things children see and hear in the
media.
 Young children especially watch and
copy the attitudes and behavior of those
closest to them.

15. Social structure and interaction:
Social interaction:
Is the process by which people act toward or
respond to other people and is the
foundation for all relationships and groups in
society.

16. Social structure:
 Social structure is a frame work consisting of
social institutions (political , educational&
religion) social practices (role & statuses) and
social groups (primary and secondary).
 It establishes a society and applies limits on
behavior.
 It refers as the way in which a society is
organized.
 It is a collection of people and relations in a
specific geographical area.

17. In this social structure you can see various
social groups mainly formed according to
their occupation . For the smooth running
of the society the groups have to interact
each other and together they form a social
structure.

19. Elements of Social Structure
 Normative system presents the society with the ideals
and values. The people attach emotional importance
to these norms. The institutions and associations are
inter-related according to these norms. The individuals
perform their roles in accordance with the accepted
norms of society.
 Position system refers to the statuses and roles of the
individuals. The desires, aspirations and expectations
of the individuals are varied, multiple and unlimited. So
these can be fulfilled only if the members of the
society are assigned different roles according to their
capacities and capabilities.

20. Mind and emotions:
Mind:
The elements of a
person that enables
them to be aware of
the world and their
experience , to think
, and to feel.
Emotions:
An emotions is a
reaction to a
situation that
involves your mind ,
body and behavior.
Primary emotions
Social emotions

21. Primary emotions:
That are expressed by people in all
cultures.
 Happiness
 Sadness
 Anger
 Fear

22. Social emotions:
Some emotions are not expressed in the same way by all people.
These emotions are called social emotions.
 Love
 Guilt
 Shame
 Love: love between family members , love between friends
 Guilt: Guilt can be a helpful emotion
 Guilt can stop you from doing something you know is wrong
 Shame: it focuses on the person rather than the action.
 Shame can be harmful because it lowers self-esteem.