1. Introduction To 3G By SherjeelChughtai (FAST-NU) (Founder of Telecom Pak Group)

2. “Communication tools don’t get socially interesting Until they get technologically boring.” Clay Shirky

3. 3G or 3rd generation mobile telecommunications, is a generation of standards for mobile phones and mobile telecommunication services fulfilling the International Mobile Telecommunications-2000 (IMT — 2000) specifications by the International Telecommunication Union.

4. Generation Standards 0G MTS · MTA · MTB · MTC · IMTS · MTD · ATS · OLT · Autoradiopuhelin 1G AMPS family AMPS (TIA/EIA/IS-3, ANSI/TIA/EIA-553) · N-AMPS (TIA/EIA/IS-91) · TACS · ETACS

5. 2G GSM/3GPP family GSM · CSD 3GPP2 family cdmaOne (TIA/EIA/IS-95 and ANSI-J-STD 008) AMPS family D-AMPS (IS-54 and IS-136) Other CDPD · iDEN · PDC · PHS

6. 2G transitional (2.5G, 2.75G) GSM/3GPP family HSCSD · GPRS · EDGE/EGPRS (UWC-136) 3GPP2 family CDMA2000 1X (TIA/EIA/IS-2000) · 1X Advanced Other WiDEN

7. 2G IS-95 IS-136 & PDC GSM- GPRS IS-95B 2.5G EDGE HSCSD Cdma2000-1xRTT W-CDMA Cdma2000-1xEV,DV,DO EDGE 3G TD-SCDMA Cdma2000-3xRTT 3GPP 3GPP2 From 2G to 3G

8. 3G 3GPP family UMTS (UTRAN) · WCDMA-FDD · WCDMA-TDD · UTRA-TDD LCR (TD-SCDMA) 3GPP2 family CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Release 0 (TIA/IS-856)

9. 3G transitional(3.5G, 3.75G, 3.9G) 3GPP family HSPA · HSPA+ · LTE (E-UTRA) 3GPP2 family CDMA2000 1xEV-DO Revision A (TIA/EIA/IS-856-A) · EV-DO Revision B (TIA/EIA/IS-856-B) · DO Advanced IEEE family Mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e-2005) · Flash-OFDM · IEEE 802.20

10. 4G (IMT-Advanced) 3GPP family LTE Advanced IEEE family WiMAX-Advanced (IEEE 802.16m) 5G Under development, no approved standard

11. International Telecommunication Union The International Telecommunication Union (Union internationale des télécommunications, in French) is the specialized agency of the United Nations which is responsible for information and communication technologies. ITU coordinates the shared global use of the radio spectrum, promotes international cooperation in assigning satellite orbits, works to improve telecommunication infrastructure in the developing world and establishes worldwide standards.

12. IMT-2000 (International Mobile Telecommunications-2000) Global standard adopted by the ITU for third generation (3G) wireless communications Associations IMT-2000 is based on WCDMA IMT-2000 implements Telephony Network

13. W-CDMA W-CDMA (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access), UMTS-FDD, UTRA-FDD, or IMT-2000 CDMA Direct Spread is an air interface standard found in 3G mobile telecommunications networks.

14. W-CDMA Sphere

15. Application services Of 3G Wide-area wireless voice telephone Mobile Internet access Video calls Mobile TV

16. Application services Of 3G Tele Medicine Mobile Tv Video Conferencing

17. Recent releases of 3G Recent 3G releases, often denoted 3.5G and 3.75G, also provide mobile broadband access of several Mbits/s to smartphones and mobile modems in laptop computers.

18. Standards Of 3G UMTS system TD-SCDMA radio interface. The latest UMTS release, HSPA+ CDMA2000 system GSM EDGE standard ("2.9G") DECT cordless phones MobileWiMAX

19. History of 3G The 3G (UMTS and CDMA2000) research and development projects started in 1992. In 1999, ITU approved five radio interfaces for IMT-2000 as a part of the ITU-R M.1457 Recommendation; WiMAX was added in 2007.

20. History of 3G The first pre-commercial 3G network was launched by NTT DoCoMo in Japan, branded as FOMA. It was first available in May 2001 as a pre-release (test) of W-CDMA technology. The first commercial launch of 3G was also by NTT DoCoMo in Japan on 1 October 2001, although it was initially somewhat limited in scope; broader availability of the system was delayed by apparent concerns over its reliability.

21. History of 3G The second network to go commercially live was by SK Telecom in South Korea on the CDMA-based 1xEV-DO technology in January 2002. By May 2002 the second South Korean 3G network was by KT on EV-DO and thus the Koreans were the first to see competition among 3G operators.

22. History of 3G The first European pre-commercial network was an UTMS network on the Isle of Man by Manx Telecom, the operator then owned by British Telecom, and the first commercial network (also UTMS based W-CDMA) in Europe was opened for business by Telenor in December 2001.

23. History of 3G The first commercial United States 3G network was by Monet Mobile Networks, on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO technology, but this network provider later shut down operations. The second 3G network operator in the USA was Verizon Wireless in October 2003 also on CDMA2000 1x EV-DO.

24. By June 2007, the 200 millionth 3G subscriber had been connected. Out of 3 billion mobile phone subscriptions worldwide this is only 6.7%. In the countries where 3G was launched first – Japan and South Korea – 3G penetration is over 70%.

25. In Europe the leading country is Italy with a third of its subscribers migrated to 3G. Other leading countries by 3G migration include UK, Austria, Australia and Singapore at the 20% migration level.

26. A confusing statistic is counting CDMA2000 1x RTT customers as if they were 3G customers. If using this definition, then the total 3G subscriber base would be 475 million at June 2007 and 15.8% of all subscribers worldwide.

27. Adoption of 3G 3G was relatively slow to be adopted globally. In some instances, 3G networks do not use the same radio frequencies as 2G so mobile operators must build entirely new networks and license entirely new frequencies, especially so to achieve high-end data transmission rates. Other delays were due to the expenses of upgrading transmission hardware, especially for UMTS, whose deployment required the replacement of most broadcast towers. Due to these issues and difficulties with deployment, many carriers were not able to or delayed acquisition of these updated capabilities.

28. Adoption of 3G In December 2007, 190 3G networks were operating in 40 countries and 154 HSDPA networks were operating in 71 countries, according to the Global Mobile Suppliers Association (GSA). In Asia, Europe, Canada and the USA, telecommunication companies use W-CDMA technology with the support of around 100 terminal designs to operate 3G mobile networks.

29. Adoption of 3G Roll-out of 3G networks was delayed in some countries by the enormous costs of additional spectrum licensing fees. The license fees in some European countries were particularly high, bolstered by government auctions of a limited number of licenses and sealed bid auctions, and initial excitement over 3G's potential.

30. Adoption of 3G The 3G standard is perhaps well known because of a massive expansion of the mobile communications market post-2G and advances of the consumer phone. An especially notable development during this time is the smartphone leading to widespread demand for mobile internet connectivity. 3G has also introduced the term "mobile broadband" because its speed and capability make it a viable alternative for internet browsing, and USB Modems connecting to 3G networks are becoming increasingly common.

31. Features Security 3G networks offer greater security than their 2G predecessors. By allowing the UE (User Equipment) to authenticate the network it is attaching to, the user can be sure the network is the intended one and not an impersonator. 3G networks use the KASUMI block crypto instead of the older A5/1 stream cipher. However, a number of serious weaknesses in the KASUMI cipher have been identified

32. Features Data rates ITU has not provided a clear definition of the data rate users can expect from 3G equipment or providers. Improved flexibility Improved Security

33. Services Roadmap Push-to-talk GSM 9.6 kbps WCDMA 2 Mbps EGPRS 473 kbps GPRS 171 kbps HSDPA 1-10 Mbps CDMA2000-EVDO CDMA2000-EVDV CDMA2000 1x Improved performance, decreasing cost of delivery Broadband in wide area 3G-specific services take advantage of higher bandwidth and/or real-time QoS Video sharing Video telephony Real-time IP multimedia and games Multicasting A number of mobile services are bearer independent in nature Multitasking WEBbrowsing Corporate data access Streaming audio/video MMS picture / video xHTML browsing Application downloading E-mail Presence/location Voice & SMS

34. Evolution Both 3GPP and 3GPP2 are currently working on extensions to 3G standard that are based on an all-IP network infrastructure and using advanced wireless technologies such as MIMO, these specifications already display features characteristic for IMT-Advanced (4G), the successor of 3G. However, falling short of the bandwidth requirements for 4G (which is 1 Gbit/s for stationary and 100 Mbit/s for mobile operation), these standards are classified as 3.9G or Pre-4G.

35. Evolution 3GPP plans to meet the 4G goals with LTE Advanced, whereas Qualcomm has halted development of UMB in favour of the LTE family. On 14 December 2009, TeliaSonera announced in an official press release that "We are very proud to be the first operator in the world to offer our customers 4G services." With the launch of their LTE network, initially they are offering pre-4G (or beyond 3G) services in Stockholm, Sweden and Oslo, Norway

36. Conclusion 3G is an exciting new technology that is being incorporated into mobile devices across the globe. Users are now able to make person-to-person calls, download data and do a variety of other tasks they never imagined possible all via their 3G cell phones

37. “The dwarf sees farther than the giant, when he has the giant's shoulders to mount on”.- Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Friend (sect. I, essay VIII)

38. Special Thanks To Engr. DaudChanna (IT Faculty Head FAST-NU)

39. THE END