1. Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
LEED Lessons Learned
Presented To: PM Challenge 2011
By: Traci Robinson / NASA KSC
Frank Kline / NASA KSC
February 9, 2011
Long Beach, CA

2. Agenda
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Introductions
♦ NASA and LEED
♦ Teamwork Lessons Learned
♦ Technical Lessons Learned
♦ Contractual Lessons Learned
♦ Q&A
February 9, 2011 2

3. Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
NASA AND LEED
February 9, 2011 3

4. Blue Marble
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
February 9, 2011 4

5. Joint Mission / Vision?
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
To pioneer the future in space Buildings and communities To transform the way buildings
exploration, scientific discovery and will generate and sustain the and communities are designed,
aeronautics research. health and vitality of all life built and operated, enabling an
within a generation environmentally and socially
responsible, healthy and
prosperous environment that
improves the quality of life.
February 9, 2011 5

6. What is LEED
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
February 9, 2011 6

7. What is LEED
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
LEED Credit Categories
Sustainable Sites Locations & Linkages
Water Efficiency Awareness & Education
Energy & Atmosphere Innovation in Design
Materials & Resources Regional Priority
Indoor Environmental Quality
February 9, 2011 7

8. What is LEED
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
February 9, 2011 8

9. Highest Level of Certification
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
February 9, 2011 9

10. NASA and LEED?
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
NASA Manages:
♦ 40,000+ people at 10 Centers
and 3 additional major
component facilities
♦ 2500+ buildings, 2300+ other
constructed assets valued
conservatively at over $25B
♦ 360,000+ acres (562 mi2)
Most of NASA‘s facilities are over 40
years old (at or beyond their design life)
February 9, 2011 10

11. Federal - because I told you so
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Executive Order 13423 Strengthening Federal
Environmental, Energy, and Transportation Management
 Ensure that all new facilities and renovation projects implement
design, construction, and maintenance and operation practices in
support of the sustainable design/high-performance buildings
goals of the E.O. and statutory requirements and existing
facilities‘ maintenance and operation practices in support of the
goals of the E.O.
♦ Energy Policy Act of 2005
 Where lifecycle cost-effective, buildings shall be designed to
achieve energy consumption levels at least 30% below ASHRAE
90.1-2004
 Cost effective sustainable design principles shall be applied to
the siting, design, and construction of all new and replacement
buildings
February 9, 2011 11

12. Federal - because I told you so
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Energy Independence & Security Act of 2007
 Renewable Energy
 30% hot water building demand from Solar Thermal
 Energy Efficiency Equipment Standards
 new standards for lighting
 commercial appliance equipment
♦ Federal Leadership in High Performance and Sustainable
Buildings MOU
 Reduce environmental impact of materials:
 Recycled Content
 Biobased Content
 Construction Waste
 Ozone Depleting Compounds
February 9, 2011 12

13. Presidential - because I told you so
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009
 Economic Stimulus Act to Result in Greener Federal Buildings
and Fleets — The U.S. General Services Administration (GSA)
will receive $4.5 billion under the American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act of 2009 to convert existing federal buildings
into high-performance green buildings. The GSA will also garner
$300 million to purchase greener vehicles for federal fleets.
 Reduce Federal Energy Consumption. Currently, the federal
government is the world‘s largest single consumer of energy in the
world, spending approximately $14.5 billion on energy consumption in
FY 2008. Barack Obama and Joe Biden believe in the importance of
leading by example. They will make the federal government a leader in
the green building market, achieving a 40 percent increase in efficiency
in all new federal buildings within five years and ensuring that all new
federal buildings are zero emissions by 2025. They will invest in cost
effective retrofits to achieve a 25 percent increase in efficiency of
existing federal buildings within 5 years. The Obama Biden plan will put
forward the resources necessary to achieve a 15 percent reduction in
federal energy consumption by 2015.
February 9, 2011 13

14. NASA - because I told you so
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ NPD 8820.2C Design and Construction of Facilities
 (d) Industry-best practices of sustainable design, maintainable
design, building commissioning, and safety and security shall be
incorporated, to the maximum extent possible, into the planning
and execution of facility projects. The use of these practices
ensures that facility projects are delivered with the most
economical life-cycle cost, least environmental impact, and
maximum benefits in occupant's health, safety, security and
productivity.
 Facilities Engineering and Real Property Division (FERPD) Policy
Letter of 9/5/2003 LEED™ Silver certification for major New
Construction and repair projects starting in FY06
♦ NPR 8820.2E, Facilities Project Implementation Guide
♦ NPR 8831.2D, Facilities Maintenance Management
February 9, 2011 14

15. NASA - because I told you so
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Environmental
 NPD 8500.1, NASA Environmental Management
 NPR 8570.1, Energy Efficiency & Water Conservation
Technologies & Practices
 NPR 8820.3, Pollution Prevention
♦ Safety
 NPR 8715.3, NASA Safety Manual
♦ Security
 NPR 1620.1A, Security Procedures & Guidelines
♦ Procurement
 NPR 8830.1, Affirmative Procurement Plan for
Environmentally Preferable Products
February 9, 2011 15

16. Why?
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
February 9, 2011 16

17. Highest Level of Certification
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
February 9, 2011 17

18. All of the Above
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Pick your own reason – JUST DO IT!
 LEED plaque
Saves money
 Right thing to do
 Significantly reduces or eliminates negative impacts of
buildings on environment & occupants
 Want to impress the ―Green‖ crowd
 Just want to keep your job
♦ NASA and LEED pulling the planet in the same direction?
February 9, 2011 18

19. Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
TEAMWORK
Source: JesterArtsIllustrations.com
―Light is the task where many share the toil.‖
-- Homer
February 9, 2011 19

20. Teamwork
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ LEED projects require many team members
O&M
Architect LEED
Admin
Subs
Cx Agent
Contractor
Water NASA
Mgmt
Consultants
Regulators
Engineers
EPA Landscape
Architect Utility Energy
Company Modeler
February 9, 2011 20

21. Teamwork
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ LEED projects require many team members within NASA
O&M
Architect Construction
Mgmt
Public
Engineers
Management
Procurement
Environmental
Legal
February 9, 2011 21

22. Lesson Learned #1
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Include all the right people to fill all
the necessary roles and understand
what motivates them to perform to
their highest potential in an
innovative and non-traditional LEED
environment.
February 9, 2011 22

23. Team Dynamics
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
Performing
Every team member brings:
• Needs
• Wants
• Preconceived Ideas
• Biases Norming
Storming Every team goes through
these stages.
The only difference is the
speed at which they go
Forming through them.
Source: Bruce Tuckman, ―Tuckman‘s Stages‖
February 9, 2011 23

24. Team Dynamics
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
Resistance Compliance Commitment
(Conflict) (Have to) (Motivation)
―Coming together is a beginning. Keeping together is progress.
Working together is success.‖
-- Henry Ford
February 9, 2011 24

25. Team Motivation for LEED
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Not everyone is motivated by the same ideology
(e.g. global climate change, green living)
♦ Not everyone is motivated by money
(either first cost or life cycle costs)
♦ Everyone generally wants to be associated with success
♦ Everyone generally wants to be associated with healthy,
efficient, attractive spaces
♦ Everyone is generally motivated by mandates and
contractual requirements
February 9, 2011 25

26. Individual Motivations
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Purpose
Alignment with personal desires & needs
♦ Leadership
♦ Responsibility
To NASA, the environment, future
generations, or the bottom line
♦ Challenge / Growth
Source: Maslow‘s Hierarchy of Needs
♦ Camaraderie / Socialization
February 9, 2011 26

27. Team Culture
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Some are ready for giant leaps
(e.g. photovoltaics, rainwater
collection, net zero, etc.)
♦ Some need small steps
(e.g. business cases, ROI)
♦ Not every idea / motivation
will work on everyone
 A la carte is needed
―Great teamwork is the only way we create the breakthroughs
that define our careers.‖
-- Pat Riley
February 9, 2011 27

28. Lesson Learned #2
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Everyone is not motivated by the
same things, even on LEED projects,
but everyone is motivated by
something.
The good PM will seek to understand
their team members and strive to
meet their needs while moving the
project forward to success.
February 9, 2011 28

29. How to achieve commitment
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Personalized approach
 Find out what motivates the team
member
♦ Challenge some team members
♦ Explain the mandatory
requirements & benefits
 e.g. Recycling
Source: www.istockphoto.com
♦ Compromise
 1 year trial period for waterless
urinals
―Kites rise highest against the wind –
not with it.‖
-- Sir Winston Churchill
February 9, 2011 29

30. What if someone is adverse?
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Use a personalized approach
♦ Bring in others to help convince where there is doubt
♦ Explain the mandates / Executive Orders
♦ Find a replacement or an alternate
―You get the best out of others when you give the best of yourself.‖ Harry Firestone
February 9, 2011 30

31. Lesson Learned #3
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ A ―difficult‖ team member may not
have any issue with the project or
other team members. They may be
going through a difficult time outside
of work that is impacting their
performance or attitude at work.
February 9, 2011 31

32. How to keep commitment high
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Kudos, compliments and recognition
 During and after the project
 Individually and as a team
 In front of peers and management
 Document it
 Acknowledge the team and its efforts
during ribbon cuttings and other public
opportunities
 Make posters
 Life Savers ® award
 Three Musketeers ® award
February 9, 2011 32

33. Lesson Learned #4
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Everyone appreciates a sincere
‗thank you‘ for a job well done,
especially in front of their peers and
management.
February 9, 2011 33

34. Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
TECHNICAL
LESSONS LEARNED
February 9, 2011 34

35. Building Envelope
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
Issue: Concrete Sandwich Tilt-up panels
- Designed as Final Interior Finish
Problem: Lack of Experience / High Expectations
Impacts: Project Schedule
LEED Impacts – Coatings / Polished Concrete
Finding Alternatives during construction
Change Order – Related Costs
February 9, 2011 35

36. Building Envelope
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
February 9, 2011 36

37. Lesson Learned #5
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Don‘t be the ―first‖ unless you‘ve
done your homework.
February 9, 2011 37

38. Under Floor Air Distribution
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
Issue: Raised Flooring
Problem: Sealing Plenum Space / Selection of Covering
Impacts: Costs
LEED Certification Ramifications
Finding Alternatives
New Design – Related Change Orders
February 9, 2011 38

39. Under Floor Air Distribution
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
February 9, 2011 39

40. Lesson Learned #6
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ The devil is in the details. Complex
systems require extra attention.
February 9, 2011 40

41. Building Integrated Photovoltaic
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
Issue: Roof Material Change
(KSC Policy Changed During Construction)
Problem: Designed for Flexible PV Panels
Impacts: Costs
LEED Certification Ramifications
Electrical Service
Wiring / Conduit Installed
New Panel / Inverter Sizing
Finding Alternatives
New Design – related change orders
February 9, 2011 41

42. Building Integrated Photovoltaics
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
February 9, 2011 42

43. Lesson Learned #7
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Even the best laid plans…..
♦ Design, design, design….. but
always be ready with an alternative to
keep the project goals within reach.
February 9, 2011 43

44. Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
CONTRACTS
THE LYNCH PIN FOR LEED
SUCCESS
February 9, 2011 44

45. Contracts
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Lynch pin: n. A central cohesive source of support and
stability.
Source: www.thefreedictionary.com
February 9, 2011 45

46. Kennedy Space Center Contracts
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
LEED services that require or could benefit from
contracts or contract changes
♦ LEED Administration ♦ Pest Control
♦ Commissioning ♦ Recycling
♦ Waste management / ♦ Janitorial
reclamation ♦ Grounds maintenance
♦ O&M ♦ Food Service
♦ Green Power Purchases ♦ Measurement & Verification
February 9, 2011 46

47. Lessons Learned #8 and 9
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Understand the implications of LEED
credits to new and existing contracts
and change existing contracts as
necessary.
♦ Use existing contracts to purchase
Green Power (note: those contracts
don‘t have to exist at your center or
even within NASA).
February 9, 2011 47

48. Government contracts
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Government contracts are set
up to protect taxpayer dollars
and to ensure fair competition
♦ This can sometimes make
innovation, collaboration and
integration difficult – all of
which are needed on LEED
projects
♦ Remember – the Contracting
Officer is an integral member
of the team and not the
enemy
February 9, 2011 48

49. How we’ve done it or tried to do it
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ The Good ♦ The Bad ♦ The Ugly
 LEED Admin – FFP  Commissioning –  LEED registration /
(design & FFP (design & certification fees –
construction) construction) government credit
 Waste management / card
reclamation - FFP to  Measurement &
Construction contract Verification –
 Green Power change order to
Purchases – FFP FFP contract
during construction
 O&M / Pest Control /
Janitorial / Grounds –
Cost Plus Award Fee
 Recycling - FFP (EO
13101)
FFP: Firm Fixed Price
February 9, 2011 49

50. Lessons Learned #10, 11 and 12
Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
♦ Include contract language to cover
delays outside of the government‘s
control (e.g. a delay in commissioning
because the GC wasn‘t ready)
♦ Include contract language requiring
the GC to certify they are ready for
commissioning and other milestones
requiring integration of multiple parties
or activities.
♦ Don‘t count on being able to use a
government credit card for LEED
registration or other fees.
February 9, 2011 50

51. Kennedy Space Center
Center Operations Directorate Construction of Facilities Division
Questions?