CNI Fall Task Force Presentation: Copyright and Large-scale Digitization: Implications for Access, by Merrilee Proffitt and Constance Malpas with RLG Programs

1. Copyright and Large-scale Digitization: Implications for Access Merrilee Proffitt Constance Malpas RLG Programs CNI Fall Task Force Washington, DC 10 December 2007

6. Distribution of Content by US Copyright Regime based on a random sample of US imprints Books published between 1923 – 1963 are only part of the picture Increasing risk = increased reward?

7. 200 years of production 15% of sample 4 decades 15% of sample 13 yrs 17% 10 yrs 19% 18 yrs 27% US imprints in 1000 record sample Period of Publication

8. ~74% of US books will require more work, other players Optimistically, ~26% of US imprints could be made accessible with some research

9. What’s missing from this picture? Period of Publication

10. What’s missing from this picture? Period of Publication Period of Publication Holdings for US imprints in 1000 record sample

11. What’s missing from this picture? Period of Publication While holdings : titles increase over time, aggregate supply dips in the period when copyright restrictions are most onerous Median holdings per manifestation = 2 Max. holdings for a single manifestation = 737 Period of Publication Holdings for US imprints in 1000 record sample

12. What’s missing from this picture? Books published outside of the United States Based on January 2007 snapshot of published print books in WorldCat n = 48M titles Books published elsewhere US imprints ?

17. Demand: What access is needed to support scholarship? 29% 12% 9% 41% 8% 38% 29% 19% 12% 2% 6% 6% 85% 21% 4% 13% 9% 52% 2% 70 5 40 1989 - 5 5 2 0 The First Word Almost all monographs cited published in the US. 2/3 of sources were from journal literature (not counted) 8 12 16 1 Shakespeare the Thinker US imprints account for less than ¼ of works cited 9 12 28 8 Lawrence and Aaronsohn US imprints account for only 1/3 of works cited 1978 - 1988 1964 - 1977 1923 - 1963 -1922 Citations to US imprints (monographs only)