ICT role in 21st century education and its challenges
Small Spacecraft Mission Enterprise
1. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
John W. Hines
Chief Technologist
NASA-Ames Research Center
John.w.hines@nasa.gov
650-604-5538 in
Silicon
Valley...
www.nasa.gov
…Innova0on
starts
here
2. SSME…Where We are Going
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
• Trend is for Smaller Technology
• Concurrent applications
• Solid R&D Foundations
• Well-Informed Make or Buy Decisions
• Constrained Budgets
• International Collaborative Focus
• Next Generation Workforce Training
An Idea to Focus the NASA Small Spacecraft Community,
And to Accelerate Integration into NASA Missions and Programs
www.nasa.gov
3. The Small Spacecraft and
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Missions Enterprise (SSME)
• Embodies an open vision for next generation space systems and
missions development,
• Implements a strategy to facilitate increased efficiencies for agency,
mission directorate, national, and commercial space utilization that
leverages small spacecraft investments.
• SSME focuses on:
– identifying the needs of the space community,
– defining technology emphasis areas,
– establishing and vetting appropriate standards, and
– providing critical infrastructure elements necessary to facilitate efficiencies
and leveraging within the Small Spacecraft and Missions user and developer
communities.
• Where appropriate, testbeds, pilot, and demonstration projects will be
conducted, with an aim of accelerating the acceptance and utilization of
small spacecraft systems, technologies, and mission architectures.
www.nasa.gov
4. SSME Suggested Organization
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Tech Advisory Panel
SSME Org NGO (?)
Stakeholders Contributors
Project Teams Communications, reporting, documentation
Technology Advocacy Pilot Projects and Missions SS Infrastructure Standards
Testbeds
Technology Demonstrations Launch Opportunities Sm Spacecraft Platforms
Generic Nanosat Science Missions Integrated Mission Ops Payload Accommodations
Avionics
Mechanical Systems Distributed Gnd Stns Interfaces
Earth
and Interfaces S/C; L/V; P/L
Astrophysics
Heliophysics
Gnd and Mission Ops Sm Spacecraft Platforms Communications
Planetary Science
HEOMD Missions
Subsystems Ground Stations
Spacecraft Subsystems
Robotic Human Assist(ed)
Platforms/Architectures
STEM Projects
Launch Vehicles/Interfaces
Int'l Collabs
Mission OPs / Gnd Stations
Industry Collabs
Enabling Tools & Capabilities
Payloads & Accommodations
Mission, Systems, Project
Engineering
www.nasa.gov
5. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SSME ‘push’ technology categories
• Spacecraft SubSystems and Components
– Avionics (CDH, ADCS, PWR, COMM)
– Mechanical Subsystems (STRUC, PROP, DEPLBLS)
– Thermal
• Autonomous Flight and Ground Software
• Space Systems, Platforms, and Mission Architectures
• Launch Vehicles, Adapters, Deployers, and Interfaces
• Payloads and Payload Accommodations
• Mission Operations and Gnd/Range Technologies
• Enabling Tools and Capabilities
• Mission, Systems, and Project Engineering
www.nasa.gov
6. Spacecraft Technologies
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
High Capacity, Lightweight
Nano-ACS Thrusters Micro-Propulsion
• Advanced Bus Architectures Batteries
• Plug and Play
• Autonomous Operations
• Data Handling
• Communications GPS Receiver
High Performance, Low
Power Computing 5.8 GHz Transceiver
• Guidance, Navigation and Control
• MEMS Accelerometers and Gyroscopes
• Miniaturized GPS Devices
• Propellantless Attitude Control Mini Star Tracker
• Multisatellite Operations Sun Sensor
Nano Reaction Wheels Ultra light weight IMU
• Formation Flying/Constellations
• Power Enables a Variety of
• Long-life, High-density, Science Missions:
Scalable Power Storage
• Deployable Solar Arrays
Precision Formation Flying
• Structure Remote Imaging- Earth/Lunar Science
• Evolvable, Reconfigurable Satellites Autonomous Satellite Maintenance
• Thermal Management Space Physics & Astrophysics
• MEMS-based Exploration- Lunar, NEOs, Comets
www.nasa.gov
7. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SSME Platform Objective
• The overarching platform objective of the SSME is to
determine the optimal architecture and component
configuration(s) for a given mission platform (or
combinations of platforms), or small spacecraft mission
architecture that will allow for the same capabilities as
larger platforms in smaller form factors.
• Several small spacecraft platforms are envisioned, with
an eye toward exploring and defining pathways to
conduct 50-80% of target space missions at 20-50% of
cost, size, mass, and development.
www.nasa.gov
8. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SSME Platforms
• The SSME aligns a broad spectrum of small
spacecraft mission requirements and objectives
with pilot projects to mature and evaluate
transformational technologies to a level suitable
for flight demonstration on multiple platforms. A
representative distribution of possible platforms
to be considered include:
• <1 – 5 kg
• 5 – 50 kg
• 50 – 200 kg
• Hosted Payloads
www.nasa.gov
9. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Innovation in Small Satellites
• Lunar Crater Observation and Sensing Satellite
(LCROSS) - Lunar Kinetic Impactor Mission to explore
the presence and nature of water ice on the Moon.
• Lunar Atmosphere and Dust Environment Explorer
(LADEE) - Will seek new information about the tenuous
lunar atmosphere and dust environment.
• Pharmasat - Fully-automated,
miniaturized triple cubesat
spaceflight system for biological
payloads.
• O/OREOS - studies how exposure to space
changes organic molecules and biology.
• IRIS will use a solar telescope and spectrograph
to explore the solar chromospheres.
www.nasa.gov
12. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Triple Cube baseline with Beacon or Aux Payload Cylinder and
Deorbit capability (per Pharmasat/OOREOS form factor).
– Maximum 2.0 kg per cube equiv or 6.0 kg.
– Triple cube equiv baseline designated as 1N, configs = 1N, 2N, 3N, 4N.
– 4N quad = 1Q; 1Q =4 ea 1N in 2x2 (or 1x4) form factor;
– Configs = 1Q, 2Q, 3Q (Special cases only right now).
– Maybe also 1.5 Q (= 32N). (Special cases only)
Mass
(kg) Name Vol
6 NanoCube 1N
12 2Cube 2N
24 Quad (2x2) 1Q
48 Double Quad
www.nasa.gov 2Q
15. Technology and Innovation Strategy
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
… Addressing Global Needs
Commercial,
Na/onal
Technology
DoD,
Defense
And
Economic
Entrepreneural
Space
And
Compe//veness
Other
Gov,
Security
Solu/on
Industry
Interna/onal
Space
Space
Research,
Development,
And
Explora/on
Spin-‐off
Technologies
for
Robust
Aerospace
Non-‐Space
Applica/ons
Industry
&
Compe//ve
NASA
Missions
Advantage
www.nasa.gov
16. SSME Stakeholders
National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SSME Stakeholders
OCT Other NASA Other Gov Academia Industry
Early Stage HEOMD DoD/DARPA/AFRL EPSCoR Entrepreneur
Game Chng'g SMD NSF Univ NanoSat Small
Franklin
X-Cut'g Educ / Intl / Leg / Public NRO Cubesat Large
Edison
www.nasa.gov
17. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SSME Study Elements
• White papers used to address the needs of NASA programs, mission directorates,
and the external community to outline and define Design Reference Missions (DRMs) to
illustrate potential technology areas and thrusts for small satellites.
• Workshop to vet the white papers and to solicit input from the satellite space technology base at
large, including developers, users, and providers from industry, government, and academia, on
technologies that would most greatly benefit their platforms and applications.
• Database of applicable and appropriate technologies, subsystems, products, and
potential vendors, researchers, subject matter experts, and providers
• Roadmaps for use as guiding documents in the efforts of small spacecraft development.
• Technology implementation and insertion recommendations for Space Technology and
Mission Directorates to inform and augment their strategic and investment roadmaps and other
planning vehicles.
• Pilot Projects and Testbeds to demonstrate utility and feasibility of concepts, technologies,
and approaches identified through the above activities, and which serve to motivate the user,
provider, and stakeholder communities to utilize and advocate resulting products.
www.nasa.gov
18. SSME Tech Advisory Panel
SSME Org External NGO (?)
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Small Spacecraft and Missions Enterprise
Stakeholders Small Spacecraft Virtual Institute
Project Teams SSVE Resident Intern Program
OCT / STP
(solicited)
Franklin Program
Other NASA
Tiers of teams and solicitation
Other Gov
Academia
Industry / Entrepreneurs
International Collaborators tier 1
demo using existing assets
tier 2
modify existing assets
tier 3
develop new and advanced assets
Testbeds
Generic Nanosat Avionics Mechanical Systems & Interfaces Ground and Mission Ops
Technology Advocacy Pilot Projects/Destinations SS Infrastructure Standards
Spacecraft Subsystems TechEdSat 1U, 1.5U, 2U, 3U, 6U Launch Opportunities Sm Spacecraft Platforms
Cubesat,Phonesat cluster
LEO, ISS Integrated Mission Ops Payload Accommodations
Avionics (CDH,ADCS,PWR,COMM)
Mech Systems (STRUC,PROP,DEPLYBLS))
Software NEO Distributed Gnd Stns Software
Thermal
Platforms/Architectures
Lunar Sm Spacecraft Platforms Interfaces
S/C; L/V; P/L
Launch Veh / Interfaces
Libration Points Subsystems Communications
Mission Ops / Gnd Stns
GEO Ground Stations
Enabling Tool and Capabilities
Hosted Payloads
and Launch Vehicles
Payload Accommodations
MIssion, Systems Engineering
www.nasa.gov
19. National Aeronautics and Space Administration
SSME
Future
(?)
Governing
Board
ARC Space ContractAgreement
Technology
Office
NGO
[SSVI]?
(STO)
Agreement(s)
MembershipAgreement
ARC Tech Org Other Gov Orgs
Industry Academia
Other Centers
www.nasa.gov
