Healthy Women Happy Motherhood :: International Mother's day Doctor Talk by Dr. Narendra Malhotra

1. International

2. By Dr. Narendra Malhotra

3. Doctor’s Details: PROF.NARENDRA MALHOTRA
M.D., F.I.C.O.G., F.I.C.M.C.H, F.R.C.O.G.,F.I.C.S., F.M.A.S., A.F.I.A.P.
• Prof. Dubrovnick International University
• V.P. WAPM(world association of prenatal medicine)
• President ISPAT (2017-2019)
• President ISAR ( 2016 – 2017)
• Sec Gen SAFOG (2015-2017)
• Member FIGO guidelines committee
• President FOGSI (2008-2009)
• Dean I.C.M.U. (2008)
• Director Ian Donald School of Ultrasound. (India)

4. Part 1: Planning for a Baby

6. Planning Your Pregnancy
You can improve your chances
of getting pregnant and having a
healthy pregnancy by following the
following steps to stay healthy

7. Planning Your Pregnancy
1. Eat Nutritious Food

8. Planning Your Pregnancy
2. Start having Folic acid Supplement
Ask your Doctor for the right brand & dose

9. Planning Your Pregnancy
3. Try to keep a healthy body weight

10. Planning Your Pregnancy
4. If you are on any medicines for long
term, discuss with your Dr, before you
conceive

11. Planning Your Pregnancy
5. If you have had any complications in a
previous pregnancy or if there is a
family history of any pregnancy related
issues, discuss with your Dr

12. Planning Your Pregnancy
6. Stop smoking and cut out alcohol.
Avoid passive smoking too.

13. 1. Have a healthy diet
2. Start having Folic acid Supplements
3. Try to keep a healthy body weight
4. If you are on any medicines for long term, discuss
with your Dr, before you conceive
5. If you have had any complications in a previous
pregnancy or if there is a family history of any
pregnancy related issues, discuss with your Dr
6. If applicable, stop smoking and cut out alcohol
Planning Your Pregnancy

14. Part 2: Understanding How Your
Foetus Grows During Pregnancy

15. Ovulation happens when an egg is released from one of the ovaries. At the time of ovulation,
the mucus in the cervix is thinner than usual to let the sperm pass through more easily.
From Conception To Birth
Ovulation
Source: https://www.nhs.uk/

16. Fertilisation takes place in the fallopian tube when a single sperm and egg meet and fuse
together to form a single cell called a zygote.
From Conception To Birth
Fertilisation

17. Within 24 to 36 hours of being fertilised, the single cell divides into 2 cells, then 12 hours later
into 4 cells, and so on.
From Conception To Birth
Zygote

18. The zygote continues dividing to form a cluster of cells called a morula. At around 3 to 4 days
after fertilisation the morula leaves the fallopian tube and enters the uterus.
From Conception To Birth
Morula

19. About 6 days after fertilisation, the cluster of cells forms a hollow cavity known as a blastocyst.
The blastocyst burrows itself into the uterus lining. This process is called implantation. The
woman is now considered to be 3 weeks pregnant because it’s approximately 3 weeks since
her last period.
From Conception To Birth
3 weeks pregnant

20. The inner group of cells is now called an embryo. The outer cells reach out like roots to link
with the mother’s blood supply to form the placenta. The inner cells form into 2 layers, then
later into 3 layers. Each of these layers will grow to be different parts of the body.
From Conception To Birth
4 Weeks Pregnant

21. The cells fold up and round to make a hollow tube called the neural tube. This will become the
baby’s brain and spinal cord. By the end of this week blood circulation will begin, and the
heart will develop quickly. The woman misses her period.
From Conception To Birth
5 Weeks Pregnant

22. The brain is developing, and the eyes and ears are beginning to take shape. The heart begins
to beat and can sometimes be seen beating on an ultrasound scan. Small swellings called limb
buds show where the arms and legs are growing.
From Conception To Birth
6 – 7 Weeks Pregnant

23. The baby is now called a foetus, which means offspring. The face is slowly forming. The eyes
are now more obvious and have some colour in them. The hands and feet are developing, with
ridges where the fingers and toes will be. The major internal organs are all developing.
From Conception To Birth
8 – 9 Weeks Pregnant

24. Just 12 weeks after conception, the foetus is fully formed. By now almost all of the baby’s
organs and structures have formed and will continue to grow until delivery. The baby’s already
moving about, but the movements can’t be felt yet.
From Conception To Birth
10 – 12 Weeks Pregnant

25. The baby’s now growing quickly. The body grows bigger so the head and body are more in
proportion. The facial features are developing and the hair’s beginning to grow, as well as
eyebrows and eyelashes. The eyelids stay closed over the eyes. From 16 weeks it may be
possible to feel the baby move for the first time.
From Conception To Birth
13 – 20 Weeks Pregnant

26. At about 22 weeks the baby becomes covered in a very fine, soft hair called lanugo. The
purpose of this isn’t known, but it’s thought it may be to keep the baby at the right
temperature.
From Conception To Birth
21 – 24 Weeks Pregnant

27. The baby’s now moving about vigorously and responds to touch and sound. The baby may also
begin to follow a pattern for waking and sleeping. At around 26 weeks the baby’s eyelids open
for the first time.
From Conception To Birth
25 – 26 Weeks Pregnant

28. The baby’s heartbeat can now be heard through a stethoscope. The baby’s now covered in a
white greasy substance called vernix. It’s thought this may be to protect the baby’s skin as it
floats in the amniotic sac.
From Conception To Birth
27 – 29 Weeks Pregnant

29. The baby’s growing plumper so the skin, which was quite wrinkled before, is now smoother.
Both the vernix and the lanugo begin to disappear, although some babies may still have vernix
and small patches of lanugo when they’re born.
From Conception To Birth
30 – 31 Weeks Pregnant

30. The baby is now beginning to prepare for birth. He or she will often turn downwards ready for
the birth at around this time.
From Conception To Birth
32 Weeks Pregnant

31. Sometime before the birth, the head may move down into the pelvis and is said to be
engaged. At 37 weeks, your pregnancy is considered full-term. The average baby weighs
around 3 to 4kg by now. The placenta is about 1/6th of the baby’s weight, and the umbilical
cord is almost as long as the baby.
From Conception To Birth
33 – 42 Weeks Pregnant

32. Part 3: Tips for A Healthy Pregnancy

33. Healthy Diet:
•Eat Right with attention to your daily healthy diet
•Take your Vitamins & Nutrients, such as Folic acid,
Iron, Vitamin B12, Calcium as per your Drs’ advice
•Stay hydrated
•Avoid certain food
such as raw meat,
raw eggs, certain
fish, etc
•Limit caffeine intake
(tea / coffee)
•Avoid fasting

34. Maintain A Healthy
Weight
• Gaining too much or
too little weight during
pregnancy increases the
risk of problems for
both the mother and
the infant.
•Following a healthy
diet and getting regular
physical activity can
help you stay within the
recommended weight
gain guidelines

35. Adequate Rest & Exercise:
•Adequate sleep (7-9 hours /
day)
• Short naps, in case you feel
the need for it
•Talk to your Dr on the right
exercise / walking time
suitable for you, at different
stages of pregnancy
• Do not overdo any exercise

36. Lifestyle & Other Advice
• Reduce stress, worry & hurry
•Do not use alcohol, tobacco
or drugs
•Take any medicine only after
consulting your Doctor
•Avoid exposure to toxic
substances, such as
pesticides, certain chemicals,
radiation, etc
•Ask your Dr on
vaccinations

37. Healthy Diet:
•Eat Right with attention to your daily
healthy diet
•Take your Vitamins & Nutrients, such as
Folic acid, Iron, Vitamin B12, Calcium as
per your Drs’ advice
•Stay hydrated
•Avoid certain food such as raw meat,
raw eggs, certain fish, etc
•Limit caffeine intake (tea / coffee)
•Avoid fasting
Maintain A Healthy Weight
• Gaining too much or too little
weight during pregnancy increases
the risk of problems for both the
mother and the infant.
•Following a healthy diet and getting
regular physical activity can help you
stay within the recommended
weight gain guidelines
Adequate Rest:
•Adequate sleep (7-9 hours / day)
• Short naps, in case you feel the need
for it
•Talk to your Dr on the right exercise /
walking time suitable for you, at
different stages of pregnancy
• Do not overdo any exercise
Lifestyle & Other Advice
• Reduce Stress , worry & hurry
•Do not use alcohol, tobacco or
drugs
•Take any medicine only after
consulting your Doctor
•Avoid exposure to toxic substances,
such as pesticides, certain
chemicals, radiation, etc
•Ask your Dr for vaccinations
needed
Let’sRecap-
Tips

38. Part 4: Partners’ Role in A Healthy
Pregnancy

39. What happens during the first trimester of
pregnancy?
•During the first trimester (the first 13 weeks), most
women need more rest than usual
•They may have symptoms of nausea and vomiting
•Early pregnancy can be an emotional time for a
woman
•Mood swings are common
•Listen to your partner and offer support
Husband’s role in pregnancy – Be Aware
What you could do…
•If she is cranky and wants to sleep, let her sleep
•You can fix the breakfast
•Avoid strong smells near her, such as coffee, if she
is averse to it
•Do not smoke near her

40. What happens during the second trimester of
pregnancy?
•For most women, the second trimester of
pregnancy (weeks 14–27) is the time they feel the
best
•As your partner’s abdomen grows, the pregnancy
becomes more obvious.
•Many women begin to feel better physically. Energy
levels improve, and morning sickness usually goes
away
Husband’s role in pregnancy – Be Aware
What you could do…
• If she has odd cravings at odd times, indulge her
• Carry her bag and help in household chores, as
lifting can give her back pain
• Accompany her for the Dr visits & scans
• Show her you care for her

41. What happens during the third trimester of
pregnancy?
•The last trimester (weeks 28–40) usually is the
most uncomfortable for your partner
•It also can be a very busy time as you prepare for
the baby
•Your partner may feel discomfort as the baby
grows larger and her body gets ready for the birth
•She may have trouble sleeping, walking quickly,
and doing routine tasks
•It is normal for both of you to feel excited and
nervous
Husband’s role in pregnancy – Be Aware
What you could do…
•If she is tired, irritable, frightened, listen to her and
comfort her
• Weight of the baby can give her many aches, so
help with a gentle massage
• Help in planning for the time when the baby arrives

42. Husband’s role in pregnancy
•Stay informed, read about the
journey of pregnancy
•During morning sickness she needs
your help
•Help her in cooking & involve
yourself in household chores
•Be her companion
•Be more caring
•Plan and enjoy the journey with her
•Visit doctor together
•Prepare for the delivery, stay calm,
reassure her

44. Special Talk on