Presentation on the Filton Airfield demonstration case for the EU's project NextGen.

1. 1
Relevant data
Lead partners
Under construction: 144 ha
Homes: 2675
Value: Water circularity showcase
#9.
Filton Airfield (UK)
A former airfield in South Gloucestershire, north of Bristol
Circular solutions for
Urban services Land developers Commercial sector
Relevant sectors
The site was bought by YTL, a large Malaysian
company with global operations, including
Wessex Water in the UK and YTL
Developments (UK) Ltd who are developing
the site.
A masterplan has been approved, but further
evolution of sustainable development ideas to
implement is required.
The investment project (construction began 2018)
includes a strategic Surface Water System (SSW),
ensuring reliable drainage and allow local use of
captured rainwater and water reuse.
Water Materials Energy

2. 2
1. Objectives of the NextGen solutions
 Integration of the drainage system into green
infrastructure and urban reuse of water: rainfall and
rainwater characterisation and its reuse
 Heat recovery from the sewer system and local use for
heating
 Explore possible options to recover nutrients using
NextGen insights and experiences

3. 3
Technology Evidence Base (TEB).
Initial draft – to be finalised in D1.6
Filton Airfield
Positioning of demo case within the CE
1. Objectives of the NextGen solutions

4. 4
2. New NextGen solutions
Local recovery and reuse of water, energy and nutrients
1. Water: local use of rainwater
2. Energy: heat recovery from the sewer system & biogas use
3. Nutrients: resource recovery from wastewater & food waste reuse

5. 5
3. Specific KPIs
Case
study
Topic Objectives Key Parameter Indicators (KPIs)
Current
value
Expected
value
#9
Filton
Airfield
(UK)
Water
To increase urban reuse of
water - quantity analysis
Volume of collected and stored water (m3/year) NS NS
Volume of water recovered vs rainfall (m3/m2) NS NS
To increase urban reuse of
water - quality analysis
pH 7.0-8.2 6.5-8.4b
Conductivity [µS/cm] 8-62 <700b
BOD [mg/L] <4 NS
TDS [mg/L] 5-60 <500b
Turbidity [NTU] 0.11-0.6 <5a
Ammonium [mg/L] <0.4 <0.5b
TP [mg/L] - <2b
E.Coli [CFU/100 ml] <500 1000c
Legionella spp. [CFU/100 ml] <10 NS
Energy
To evaluate local heat
availability
Energy recovery (kWh/m3 produced) NS NS
Materials
To explore nutrient recovery
options related to the
wastewater sludge and to the
food waste
Nutrient (N, P) recovery rate [%] NS NS
a Irrigation water quality standard: WHO (Salman, J., Abd-Al-Hussein, N., & Al-Hashimi, O. (2015). Assessment of water quality of Hilla River for Drinking water purpose by Canadian Index (CCME WQI). International Journal
of Recent Scientific Research, 6(2), 2746-2749.)
b Irrigation water quality standard: FAO (Abdollahi, Z., Kavian, A., & Sadeghi, S. (2017). Spatio-temporal changes of water quality variables in a highly disturbed river.)
c Irrigation water quality standard: Steenvoorden, J. (2007). Wastewater re-use and groundwater quality: Introduction. Water and Energy Abstracts, 17(2).
NS: not specified.
3.1 Rainwater reuse – Quality analysis

6. 6
4. Results
4.1 Rainfall data – YTL Arena and Residential buildings
WS1: 3 km
WS2: 6 km
WS3: 13 km
Filton_UoB
 Real rainfall data – analyze monthly rainfall patterns in Filton
WS: Weather station
NextGen: 09. 2019 – 10. 2020
 Historical rainfall data “WS1 and WS2” – conduct a preliminary feasibility
study of rainwater harvesting and its reuse

7. 7
4. Results
4.2 Rainwater reuse – YTL Arena
Water use scenario Unit Value
YTL Arena Roof area m2 30,000
Single use YTL Arena (YA) toilet flushing (TFYA) Visitors
(TFYA1, TFYA2, TFYA3, TFYA4)
Person/day 2,000, 5,000,
10,000, 20,000
Toilet L/flush 6
Urinal L/flush 3.6
Frequency Flush/capita/day 2
Irrigation (IRBP & IRFG) Brabazon Park (BP)
(IRBP1 & IRBP2)
ha 6 and 12
Filton Golf Course (FG)
(IRFG1 & IRFG2)
ha 23 and 46
Frequency
(May–October)
Irrigation/week 1
Water use L/m2/day 5
Combined use 50%TF + 50%IR and 70%TF + 30%IR
 RWH performance indicators  Water saving efficiency and cost savings
 Determine an optimal storage tank for rainwater harvesting from YTL Arena rooftop

8. 8
4. Results
4.2 Rainwater reuse – YTL Arena
Water saving efficiency, % = 100 * (Rainwater yield, m3 / Water demand, m3)
Toilet flushing Irrigation Toilet flushing + Irrigation
 The water saving efficiency of the rainwater harvesting system is highly influenced by water demand
scenarios.
 A storage capacity of 400–1,000 m3 would be enough for the applications considered in this study.
Not feasible
20-90% at 400 m3
12-24% at 400 m3
20-100% at 1000 m3 12-26% at 1000 m3

9. 9
4. Results
4.2 Rainwater reuse – YTL Arena
Parameter Unit Value Reference
Discount rate % 5 Roebuck et al. (201
1)
Water tariff £/m3 1.05 BristolWater (2020)
Sewage £/m3 1.59 YTL (2020)
Energy tariff £/kWh 0.125 UK average price*
System life span years 50 Lani et al. (2018)
CAPEX–construction and installation Tank (50-year life span) £/m3 372.5 (Roebuck & Ashley,
2007); Roebuck et
al. (2011); Wang an
d Zimmerman (201
5)
OPEX–maintenance and replacement Inspection, reporting and information ma
nagement
year 2
Roof washing, cleaning inflow filters year 2
Tank inspection and disinfection year 1
Intermittent system maintenance (syste
m flush, debris/sediment removal from ta
nk)
year 3
Pump replacement year 10
Minor fittings replacement year 10
Filter replacement year 15
Roebuck, R., Oltean‐Dumbrava, C., Tait, S. 2011. Whole life cost performance of domestic rainwater harvesting systems in the United Kingdom. Water and Environment Journal, 25(3), 355-365.
YTL. 2020. YTL Masterplan.
Lani, N.H.M., Syafiuddin, A., Yusop, Z., bin Mat Amin, M.Z. 2018. Performance of small and large scales rainwater harvesting systems in commercial buildings under different reliability and future water tariff scenarios. Science of The Total Environment, 636,
1171-1179.
Roebuck, R., Ashley, R. 2007. Predicting the hydraulic and life-cycle cost performance of rainwater harvesting systems using a computer based modelling tool. Water Practice and Technology, 2(2).
Wang, R., Zimmerman, J.B. 2015. Economic and environmental assessment of office building rainwater harvesting systems in various US cities. Environmental science & technology, 49(3), 1768-1778.

10. 10
4. Results
4.2 Rainwater reuse – YTL Arena
Cost Savings = Mains-only supply system cost – Rainwater and mains supply system cost
Toilet flushing Irrigation Toilet flushing + Irrigation
 Positive values of cost savings correspond to a range of storage sizes, which make the rainwater
harvesting system economically feasible for the given scenarios.
 The rainwater harvesting system with a rainwater storage capacity of between 100 and 600 m3 showed
more economically beneficial due to its positive cost saving values.
Negative - not feasible
Positive
Positive

11. 11
4. Results
4.2 Rainwater reuse – YTL Arena
Rainwater supply cost, £/m3 = RWH system cost, £ / Water demand, m3
 A: 100 to 600 m3 – the unit rainwater costs for across
scenarios were between 0.37 and 0.40 £/m3
 equal to or lower than the mains-only supply water
cost (0.40 £/m3).
 B: 600 to 1000 m3 – the unit rainwater costs for across
scenarios were between 0.40 and 0.45 £/m3.
 equal to or higher than the mains-only supply water
cost (0.40 £/m3).
 C: 400 to 600 m3 – Water saving efficiency (400-1000
m3) + Lower rainwater costs (100-600 m3)
 Accepted in Journal of Environmental Management
A B
C
Toilet flushing & Toilet flushing + Irrigation

12. 12
4. Results
4.3 Rainwater reuse – Residential buildings
Water Quantity
Demand
Supply
Urban Water Cycle Simulations
Water Balance Scenario UWOT
• Population Density
• Household appliances
• Rainfall data
• Collecting surfaces & evaporation
Residential Type
Bedroom
breakdown
Standard plan
Apartment
1 68
2 68
Houses
2 36
3 36
4 35
5 35
Total 278

13. 13
4. Results
4.3 Rainwater reuse – Residential buildings
 The 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-bedroom
housing units does collect
enough rainfall to be able to
meet the non-potable water
demand.
 The apartment units are the
only residential unit type which
does not collect enough
rainfall to be able to meet the
non-potable water demand.
Water Quantity

14. 14
5. Lessons learned
 Analyse historical rainfall data for evaluating the feasibility
of a rainwater harvesting system
 Establish several scenarios for rainwater reuse and
evaluate water savings and cost savings of a rainwater
harvesting system

15. 15
6. Next steps planned
Task description Task
2020 2021
M19-M24 M25-M30 M31-M36
M19 M20 M21 M22 M23 M24 M25 M26 M27 M28 M29 M30 M31 M32 M33 M34 M35 M36
Design an integrated system for rainwater
collection, urban run-off and surface water
management in the Filton Airfield Development,
including a low-flow sewer network and water re-
use options
1.2.7
Modeling and prediction of heat recovery and
supply potential from wastewater in the Filton
Airfield Development
1.3.1
Determine the mass balances (availability) and
feasibility of local fertilizer production and utilization
from wastewater and organic waste streams at the
Filton Airfield Development
1.4.9
 The 2nd community of practice meeting: January 2021

16. 16
Thank you!
xtGen - Community of Practice
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