2.  The purpose of this training is to provide
information concerning the OSHA HAZCOM
program and basic information about
hazardous chemicals. Individuals who work with
chemicals are required to have an appropriate
review of chemicals they will use during the
course of their tasks such as a review of
Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs). This can
be accomplished by On-The-Job Training (OJT)
by their supervisors and annual refresher
training.

3.  Upon completion of training, the student should
understand:
 Their responsibilities, as well as their employer’s,
under the HAZCOM Standard.
 HAZCOM training requirements.
 General Information and hazards of Hazardous
Materials.
 Information found in Material Safety Data Sheets
(MSDS).
 Authorized Use List (AUL) definition and purpose.
 Reproductive workplace hazards.

4.  Since 1987, the Federal HAZCOM Standard
has applied to all workplaces where
personnel are occupationally exposed to
hazardous chemicals.
 Its purpose is to ensure that workers who
are occupationally exposed to hazardous
chemicals understand the hazards of the
chemicals with which they work, and learn
how to minimize these hazards.

5.  The following are the three goals of the HAZCOM
Standard.
1. Reduce injury/illness caused by hazardous
chemicals in the workplace.
2. Identify and evaluate chemical hazards.
3. Establish uniform requirements for
communication of hazardous chemical
information to both the employer and
employee. This is accomplished through
promulgation of MSDSs, training, accurate
inventory maintenance and labeling.

6. The Hazard Communications Standard
requires that three documents be readily
available to you for your everyday use:
 Hazard Warning Labels
 All containers of chemicals within the workplace
are labeled identifying their hazards
 Material Safety Data Sheets
 MSDSs are readily accessible to employees on
all shifts, when they are in their work areas
 The Hazardous Chemical Inventory
 Maintain an up-to-date Hazardous Chemical
Inventory

7. Employers’ Responsibilities
 Ensure MSDSs are “readily accessible” for HM.
 Ensure HM containers are labeled.
 Maintain list of HM. Employees should be aware
of the HM on the list.
 Inform and train workers.
 Maintain a written HazCom Program.

8. The OSHA Hazard Communication Standard is composed of
five key elements. These five key elements are:
1. Materials Inventory - A list of the hazardous materials
present in your work area.
2. Material Safety Data Sheets - A detailed description of
each hazardous material listed in the Materials
Inventory.
3. Labeling - Containers of hazardous materials must
have labels which identify the material and warn of its
potential hazard to employees.
4. Training - All employees must be trained to identify and
work safely with hazardous materials.
5. Written Program - A written program must be
developed which ties all of the above together.

9. MCCS Camp Lejeune has a written
HazCom SOP which complies with OSHA
requirements. Our HazCom SOP contains
information regarding labeling of HM,
accessibility of MSDSs and training of
employees consistent with guidance
contained within this training program. If
your shop does not have the MCCS
HazCom SOP, contact MCCS Safety
Officer at 451-5077.

10. Each shop/store/warehouse is responsible for ensuring
that hazard warning labels contain the following:
 Manufacturer’s name
 Product name
 Hazard warning
This can be accomplished by:
 The original HAZCOM compliant manufacturer’s label or
an exact copy of the HAZCOM compliant manufacturer’s
label
 A label developed by the facility that contains the
following information from the MSDS: manufacturer’s
name, product identity, and hazard warnings.

11. Here is an example of a
warning label from a
can of herbicide. Notice
it contains:
Manufacturer's name
The product name
Hazard warning
Manufacturer's contact
information

12. As you read labels, you will see key words which signal
you that you should take extra care when handling a
particular hazardous material. These key words include:
 CAUTION (slightly toxic)
 MODERATE RISK
 WARNING (moderately toxic)
 DANGER (highly toxic)
 SERIOUS RISK
 MAJOR RISK
For example, the key word "DANGER" means:
1. Protective equipment or clothing is required before use;
2. Misuse can result in immediate harm, long term effects,
or death; and
3. The chemical may be toxic, corrosive, or flammable.

13.  In addition to commercial labels and the DOD hazardous chemical
warning labels, facilities use labels such as those shown below. Contact
your supervisor for more information about the labels used by your
organization.

14. Each colored bar or small diamond represents a different class of hazard. The
hazard classes found on labels include Health, Flammability, Reactivity, and in
some cases, Special Hazards. Each hazard class uses a different color and a
rating scale from 0 - 4.

15.  While labels are an effective way to display
information about hazardous materials, there
will be times when you will want more
information than can be included on a label.
You can find additional information about the
hazardous materials you work with in what is
called a Material Safety Data Sheet, or MSDS
for short. Your supervisor is required to
initially review and explain the MSDS for each
hazardous material you use.

16. A Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) provides detailed
information about a specific hazardous material. An
MSDS contains, as a minimum, the following information:
 Identity (name of substance)
 Physical Hazards (target organ)
 Health Hazards
 Routes of Body Entry
 Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL)
 Carcinogenic Factors (cancer causing)
 Safe-Handling Procedures
 Date of Sheet Preparation
 Control Measures (Personal Protective Equipment)
 Emergency First Aid Procedures (emergency telephone
number)
 Contact Information (for the preparer of the sheet)
 Special Instructions

17. This is Section 1 from the MSDS for Mineral Spirits. The product is made by the
CITGO Petroleum Corporation, 1701 Golf Road, Suite 1-1101, Rolling Meadows,
Illinois 60008. Revision date is 12-11-2002. This information is important for
contacting the manufacturer of the product. Notice also the “IMPORTANT”
statement on this MSDS. “Read this MSDS before handling or disposing of this
product and pass this information on to employees, customers, and users of this
product.” Not all MSDSs will have this statement, but it is good advice.

18. The Identification section provides the user with other valuable information. The product
trade name is given, Regular Mineral Spirits, as well as synonyms for this products.
Synonyms are other names that could be used for this product. Notice this product can
also be called:
 RMS (2015)
 Solvent 2015
 Mineral Spirits 2015
 Type 1A Mineral Spirits
 Stoddard Solvent
 White Spirits
 C9-C12 Petroleum Hydrocarbons

19. Notice how detailed the Hazard Identification section gets
when describing the hazard of the product. Much more
information then you will get on the label. This type of
information is important to become familiar with before using
the product.

20. The Handling and Storage section of the MSDS is also an important
one for the user to review. It explains in detail the proper storage
requirements of the product and how to handle the product during
use. Notice the second sentence below for this product, “Keep
containers closed and do not handle or store near heat, sparks, or
any other potential ignition sources.”

21. Another important section for the user to become familiar with before use
is the Personal Protection section. This section will cover how the user can
be protected during the use of this product. Suggested Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) is provided in this section. This Mineral Spirits MSDS says
that the user should wear chemical resistant gloves and safety glasses with
side shields at a minimum.

22.  Training
 All employees occupationally exposed to HM
require HazCom training.
 Supervisors and employee representatives
require annual HazCom refresher training.
 Non supervisory personnel must receive Site
Specific Hazardous Material training
(includes reproductive hazard training
initially and “as required thereafter”).

23.  The Environmental Management
Division (EMD) for MCB Lejeune has a
published AUL. This AUL is a list of
hazardous materials (HM) that are
authorized to be used aboard Camp
Lejeune. Chemicals that are not on
this AUL should not be used aboard
this base. To get a chemical put on
this AUL, contact Mike McCarty,
Environmental Compliance Officer, at
451-5077.

24.  Supervisors and personnel who work with HM
should have a basic understanding of the hazards
of HM in order to prevent or minimize these
hazards. The next few pages will provide
information that will enable you to better
understand the hazards of HM and what to be on
notice for when reviewing a HM label or MSDS. This
ability greatly enhances site-specific training given
by supervisors and can be instrumental in
preventing, detecting and reacting to overexposure
situations. This knowledge will also aid in the HM
acquisition process. By acquiring HM which is less
hazardous, certain handling, storage and use
issues may be made easier.

25. Hazards associated with chemicals can be classified as either health or
physical hazards. Through understanding the hazards of chemicals in the
workplace, the hazards can be minimized or eliminated through
engineering controls, administrative controls or use of personal protective
equipment. The following pages will provide information regarding health
and physical hazards associated with HM in the workplace. Keep in mind
that the following is only a small portion of the total amount of information
about HM.

26. Physical hazards associated with chemicals are those which affect the
physical safety of the exposed person. The material’s toxicity is immaterial
with regard to assessing the chemical’s physical hazards.
Examples of HM categories with their associated physical hazards include:
 compressed gases
 explosives
 flammable solids, liquids and gases
 corrosives materials
The following illustrates physical hazards associated with the examples
given above:
 compressed gases: if storage is disrupted, the gas cylinder can be a
projectile hazard.
 explosives: when detonated, results in sudden, almost instantaneous
release of pressure, gas and heat.
 flammable solids, liquids and gases: capable of being readily ignited and
accelerating a fire (see also next slide).
 water-reactive materials: react with water to release a gas that is either
flammable or presents a health hazard.

27. Many gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and acetylene are used
in the manufacturing process. In order to transport, store and
use these gases, they are "bottled" under great pressure in
tanks called gas cylinders. Great care should be taken when
you handle gas cylinders to insure that they are not damaged
when they are moved or used. In addition, you should read the
warning label and the MSDS for safe handling procedures
concerning the gas contained in a gas cylinder.

28. Flammables may be in the form of solids, liquids or gases, and have great
potential to cause loss of life and property in the workplace. Flammable
solids will continue to burn even after the source of ignition has been
removed. HM in liquid form is considered flammable if its flash point is
below 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Flammable gases, like acetylene or
hydrogen, have a heat propagation rate that resembles an explosion when
ignited. Flammables represent special storage and use issues. Flammable
HM is required to be properly stored when not in use, usually in a
flammable storage locker. Whenever you work with a material that uses the
fire symbol, be sure to read the warning label and the MSDS for safe
handling procedures.

29.  A corrosive is a chemical that causes visible destruction of, or
irreversible damage to living tissue at the point of contact. Most
corrosives are either strong acids (e.g. sulfuric acid) or strong bases
(e.g. sodium hydroxide). The strength of acids and bases is measured
on the pH scale. A chemical’s pH is listed on the MSDS, usually in
section 3. The pH scale ranges from 1 to 14 and the pH of distilled
water is 7. Acids have pH levels less than 7, while bases have pH levels
greater than 7. The stronger the acid is, the lower its pH will be, and the
stronger the base is, the higher its pH will be.
 Emergency Eyewash Facilities: Activities shall provide emergency
eyewash facilities meeting the requirements of ANSI Standard Z358.1
(Emergency Eyewash and Shower Equipment) in all areas where the
employees’ eyes may be exposed to corrosive materials. Activities shall
locate all such emergency facilities where they are easily accessible to
those in need. Shops shall activate plumbed eyewash units weekly until
the water runs clear, to flush the line and to verify proper operation.

30. Oxidizers cause other substances to burn more easily through a chemical
reaction or change. Organic Peroxides contain oxygen and act as powerful
oxidizers. Whenever you work with a material that uses the Flaming "O"
symbol, be sure to read the warning label and the MSDS for safe handling
procedures.
This symbol identifies dangerously reactive materials. These materials may react
violently under certain conditions or react violently with water. Whenever you work
with a material that uses this symbol, be sure to read the warning label and the MSDS
for safe handling procedures.

31. Health Hazards are one of two major classes of hazardous
materials covered by the OSHA Communication Standard.
They are substances which threaten your health. We have
already covered the other major hazard class, Physical
Hazards. In the following pages, we will be looking at
various types of health hazards and what you need to know
to use these materials safely. To help you identify materials
which are health hazards, the symbols shown on each page
are often used. Examples of health hazard categories
include:
 carcinogens
 reproductive toxins
 toxic substances
 chemical asphyxiates

32. Substance which causes the development of cancerous
growths in living tissue, whether actually known, or through
experiments with animals. Note: the MSDS will provide
information regarding the known cancer risk for the HM,
usually in section 6 of the MSDS. Examples include: asbestos
and tobacco smoke.

33. Substances which effect either male or female
reproductive systems and may impair the
ability to have children. Examples include:
lead, mercury and toluene. Note: toluene is an
ingredient in many spray paints and gasoline.

34. The term toxicity is used to describe the ability of a substance to cause a
harmful effect. EVERYTHING is toxic at some dose. Even oxygen! If
someone is exposed to pure oxygen for a period of time they can suffer
from oxygen poisoning. There is a balance between toxicity and dose. Dose
is the AMOUNT of something you are exposed to, or come in contact with.
The less the toxicity, the greater the dose you can tolerate without ill
effects. The greater the toxicity, the less dose you can tolerate without
becoming sick. Hazard Potential is the likelihood that a specific chemical or
substance (toxic material) will cause an ill effect at a given dose. A
chemical which has been determined through experience or laboratory
analysis to have lethal effects to humans based on dosage criteria.

35. Below are some other examples of commonly used
hazard signs. This is not a complete list.

36. The toxic health effects of HM can be divided into acute and chronic effects. It
is important to understand the acute and chronic health effects of HM so that
preventive and remedial measures can be implemented because some
symptoms of overexposure may not be readily noticeable or obvious. The MSDS
contains information regarding the pertinent acute and chronic health effects
of HM. For example, if an employee shows signs of overexposure, rapid
recognition can aid in prompt cessation of exposure, first aid and medical
attention. Continued undetected or ignored exposure may result in serious
adverse health effects.
 ACUTE EXPOSURES
 Acute exposures are typically sudden and severe, and characterized by
rapid absorption of the material. The effect of a chemical health hazard is
considered acute when the effects of exposure appear within a short time,
such as within minutes or hours.
 Example: the inhalation of high levels of carbon monoxide will produce
poisoning very rapidly.
 Example: exposure of eyes to corrosive material.

37.  Chronic exposures relate to continued exposures to
substances presumably throughout an entire working
lifetime. Chronic effects often develop slowly and the
worker may be unaware of exposures and the
resultant injury and illness(es) as they occur.
 Example: the skin absorption of mercury over many
years of working with a mercury-based compound
resulting in irreversible damage to the central
nervous system.
 Example: long term exposure to airborne asbestos
fibers which leads to asbestosis and/or lung cancer.

38. Before HM can cause systemic harm to the body through
its toxicity, the HM must enter the bloodstream. The most
common routes of entry are:
 Inhalation,
 Ingestion,
 Skin & eye absorption
 Injection
Through understanding the routes of exposure associated
with HM, personnel can take necessary precautions, such
as utilizing required PPE, when using the HM. Note also
that the MSDS provides information regarding which
routes of exposure are pertinent for the HM in question.

39. Key Points:
 By acquiring HM which is less hazardous, certain
handling, storage and use issues may be made easier.
 Hazards associated with chemicals can be classified as
either health or physical hazards. Understand the acute
and chronic health effects of HM so that preventive and
remedial measures can be implemented.
 Acute exposures are typically sudden and severe.
 Chronic exposures relate to continued exposures to
substances presumably throughout an entire working
lifetime.
 The most common routes of entry are inhalation,
ingestion, skin absorption and eye contact.
 Inhalation is the most common and efficient route of
exposure.

40. Key Points (cont.):
 Skin Absorption can occur through either intact
or abraded skin.
 The principle occupational eye hazard
associated with eye contact as a route of
exposure relates to exposure to caustics.
 Exposure limits are expressed in airborne
quantities.
 The average individual is defined as a 30 year
old male.
 Exposure limits become more complicated
when there are more than one HM in the air.

41.  The HAZCOM standard is a very far reaching
regulatory vehicle for protection of workers
with respect to HM.
 Management leadership and active
involvement of employees and supervisors in
implementing the elements of the HAZCOM
standard are essential for its success.

42. Congratulations!
You have completed your July 2010 Safety
Module : Hazard Communication.
Please inform your Training Liaison.
There is no completion certificate for this
module. Upon completion of all Safety modules,
an electronic certificate will be forwarded to the
Training Department in Human Resources.