The calcium paradox refers to the unexpected observation that osteoporosis and hip fracture rates are highest in the countries with the highest calcium consumption. Many studies have concluded that high calcium intake, especially in the form of dairy products, is not beneficial to bone health. A high animal protein diet may actually be detrimental to bone health, and dairy consumption is not a necessary component of a nutritious diet. High fruit and vegetable consumption, minimal animal proteins, and regular exercise may be the best recommendation for healthy bones.