Awareness session on breast cancer awareness on 21st oct 2021 at Mehran university, Jamshoro organized by American institute of Chemical engineering society AIChE MUET chapter
2. OCTOBERIS
BREASTCANCER
AWARENESS
MONTH
Each October, you may notice a lot of pink
popping up in your community or you may
see people wear those little pink ribbons
on their clothes. You may have also heard
about special events, like the race for the
cure, that raise money for breast cancer
research and services for breast cancer
patients and survivors.
October is internationally celebrated as
Breast Cancer Awareness Month.
The month-long campaign allows the issue
to be highlighted as a top health priority,
with the disease affecting many women in
their lives.
3. STATISTICS
Breast Cancer is the most common type of
Cancer in Women worldwide
Source: Breast Cancer Research Foundation (U.S)
Among cancers affecting women, 25% of
cases are breast cancer. Breast cancer is
the main cause of death among female
cancer patients worldwide.
If diagnosed and treated early, one third of
these deaths can potentially be prevented,
meaning that 400,000 women could be
saved each year.
Survival rates increase significantly when
breast cancer is detected at an early stage
(Stages 0-II).
Breast cancer can also be diagnosed in
males, however it’s quite rare. There is one
case of breast cancer in men for
every 100 cases of breast cancer in women.
4. STATISTICS
The biggest reason of the highest prevalence of
breast cancer in Pakistan is lack of awareness
which causes a delay in detection of breast cancer
and most of women approach hospitals at stage III
of cancer.
Pakistan alone has the highest rate of Breast
Cancer than any other Asian country. 90,000
new cases are diagnosed every year out of
which 40,000 dies.
1 out of every 9 women is likely to suffer
from this disease at any point of time in their
lives
Source: Journal of Pakistan Medical Association
7. WHATISBREAST
CANCER?
Breast cancer is a malignant (cancerous)
tumor that starts from cells of the breast.
Cells in the body normally divides at a
steady and even pace. Huma body
continuously forms new cells to take the
place of old and injured cells.
Sometimes, however, when cells divide
and multiply rapidly, they form a lump also
called a tumor.
Nearly 80% of finding on a mammogram
are not cancer. They are usually benign
tumors, a cyst or some other non-
cancerous condition.
A tumor is called cancer only when it
starts invading nearby tissues and organs
and damage them.
8. STAGESOF
BREASTCANCER
A stage is usually expressed as a number
on a scale of 0 through IV — with stage 0
describing non-invasive cancers that remain
within their original location and stage IV
describing invasive cancers that have
spread outside the breast to other parts of
the body.
9.
10. 10
A new area of thickening in the breast or a new breast lump
A lump in the axilla / arm pit area
Nipple distortion
Bloody nipple discharge
Skin retraction or dimpling
Fixation of skin to an underlying lump
Skin redness
Skin thickening especially around the nipple area
Feeling of warmth over an area of skin which is already thickened and red
Skin ulcer or blister that does not heal
Skin rash over the breast especially around the nipple with lesions that do not heal
Pain in the breast that travels to the arm pit and along the arm and neck
SYMPTOMSOF
BREAST
CANCER
13. CONTROLLABLE
AND
UNCONTROLLABLE
RISKFACTORS
Experts don’t know what causes
breast cancer, but certain things make
you more likely to get it.
Your age, genetic factors, personal
health history, and diet all play a role.
Some you can control; others you
can’t.
RISK FACTOR: Something that increases
a person's chances of developing a
disease
14.
15. Women over 50 are
more likely to get
breast cancer than
younger women.
Your breast cancer
odds go up if:
Your periods start
before age 12.
Your periods don’t
stop until after you’re
55.
If a first-degree female relative
(mother, sister, or daughter)
had breast cancer, you’re two
times more likely to get the
disease.
The risk can also rise if your
father or brother was
diagnosed with breast cancer
BRCA1 and BRCA2
If you had treatment for
cancers like Hodgkin's
lymphoma before age
40, you have an
increased risk of breast
cancer.
Doctors used this drug
between 1940 and
1971 to prevent
miscarriage. If you or
your mother took it,
your breast cancer
odds go up.
15
BreastCancerRiskFactorsYouCan’tControl
Age
If your breasts have
more connective
tissue than fatty
tissue, it can be hard
to see tumors on a
mammogram.
Dense
breast
Menstrual
history
Family
history
Genes
Radiations
DES
16. BreastCancerRiskFactorsYouCanControl
Physical
activity
The less you
move, the higher
your chances.
Being overweight
after menopause
raises your odds.
You don’t
breastfeed.
You don’t have a
full-term
pregnancy.
Regular drinking --
especially more than
one drink a day --
increases the risk of
breast cancer.
Hormone replacement therapy
that includes both estrogen and
progesterone. certain birth
control methods including birth
control pills, shots, implants,
IUDS, skin patches, or vaginal
rings that contain hormones
16
Weight
and
diet
Reproductive
history.
Taking
hormones.
Still, most women who are at high risk for breast cancer don’t get it. On the other
hand, 75% of women who develop breast cancer have no known risk
factors. Learn more about the risk factors for breast cancer.
Alcohol
and
smoking
19. • Breast Ultrasound.
• Mammogram.
• Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of
breast
• Clinical Breast Exam
• Biopsy.
• Breast self exam at home
Breast cancer diagnosis
23. HEALTHY
LIFESTYLE
• Good health is not just the absence of disease or illness,
it is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-
being. Scientific evidence suggests that about one-third
of the cancer deaths each year are due to lack of a
healthy lifestyle, nutrition and physical activeness.
• Strengthen immunity, increasing Tissue oxygenation,
reducing inflammation and creating the right balance of
carbs and proteins is included in healthy lifestyle.
•
23
24. Take Healthy
Diet and
Nutrition
Making proactive dietary
choices can improve your
overall well-being
because it keeps your
energy up, boosts your
immune system, and
provide nutrients your
body needs for
maintenance and repair.
A healthy diet can help in
preventing and fighting
breast cancer.
Be Physically
Active
Exercise and physical activity
decrease the risk of breast cancer
by changing the estrogen, insulin,
and insulin-like growth factor.
Among women Obesity and
weight gain during adulthood are
linked with a higher risk of breast
cancer especially after
menopause. So, every woman
having overweight should limit
high-calorie foods and beverages
and increase physical activity to
help with weight loss.
Get Adequate
Sleep
Minimum 8 hours
of sleep is essential
for both your mind
and body to rest,
relax and fully
recover.
A majority of you probably
have a mind that whirls
with negative thoughts.
Your thoughts can eat you
alive and you will not enjoy
a happy and healthy life.
Depression, anxiety and
stress make you ill. Detox
your mind by cleaning your
emotional/mental clutter
and stop negative thinking.
Relieve the effect
of stress and
depression
Avoid Smoking
and Drinking
Alcohol
Smoking and drinking are
bad for your health so quit
both of them. Researches
show that you can lower
your risk of heart disease up
to 50% if you quit smoking
completely and if you give
up drinking, the risk of
developing cancer reduces
quickly.
24
AhealthylifestyleisakeyweaponagainstBreastCancer.
Healthylifestyleincludesthefollowing
25. MYTHSANDFACTS
25
The biggest reason of the highest
prevalence of breast cancer in Pakistan
is lack of awareness which causes a
delay in detection of breast cancer and
most of women approach hospitals at
stage III of cancer.
26. MYTH: Carrying your cell
phone in your bra can cause
breast cancer.
FACT: There is no evidence of
a connection between cell
phones and breast cancer, but
the safety of cell phones is still
being studied.
MYTH: Using underarm
antiperspirant can cause
breast cancer.
FACT: There is no evidence of
a connection between
underarm antiperspirant and
breast cancer, but the safety
of antiperspirants is still being
studied.
MYTH: Breast cancer
always causes a lump you
can feel.
FACT: Breast cancer
might not cause a lump,
especially when it first
develops.
26
28. Myth: If you maintain a
healthy weight, exercise
regularly, eat healthy,
and limit alcohol, you
don’t have to worry
about breast cancer.
FACT: Although these
behaviors can help lower
breast cancer risk, they
can’t eliminate it.
MYTH: If I don’t have a family
history of breast cancer, I won’t
get it.
FACT: Most people diagnosed
with breast cancer have no
known family history.
MYTH: Wearing a push up
bra can cause breast
cancer.
FACT: It used to be thought
that push up bras puts
pressure on the lymph
nodes and causes cancer,
but it has since been
proven wrong
28
30. Myth: a breast cancer
diagnosis means a complete
mastectomy or removal of
breast
Fact: many women with breast
cancer undergo surgery as part
of their treatment. However this
doesn’t necessarily means a
complete removal of the breast
especially if its diagnosed early
in which case only the tumor is
removed
Myth: women
with small breast
do not get breast
cancer
Fact : women
with small breast
are also at risk
as any other
women
Myth: drinking too much
coffee increase the risk
of breast cancer
Fact: there is no relation
between drinking coffee
and breast cancer
30
33. Delay in early detection of breast cancer diagnosis in women is a result of both patient
and system level factors
34. HELPLINES,
HOSPITALAND
CLINICS
First Lady Samina Arif Alvi inaugurated
the National breast cancer Awareness
Helpline: 0213-873-7373.
Jinnah Hospital, Agha Khan
Hospital, Kiran Hospital, Naval
Hospital and Shifa Hospital,
Shaukat Khanam memorial hospital
Pink ribbon Pakistan
Many risk factors are linked to breast cancer. The two most common, being a female and getting older, are factors beyond your control. However, there are lifestyle changes that you can do to prevent cancer, such as: exercising, maintaining a healthy weight and limiting your alcohol intake. Having a better understanding of risk, the factors that affect it, how to assess yours and how to manage it can help you make decisions about your own lifestyle. As well, working with your health care provider can help you determine a breast cancer screening plan that is right for you.
Over the past 30 years, researchers have identified many factors that increase the risk of breast cancer, as well as a few factors that lower it. It is still not known exactly what causes breast cancer to develop at a certain time in a certain person; it is likely a combination of factors. Although there are ways to manage the risk, no one has control over developing cancer.
Even though the cause of breast cancer is not known, there are certain risk factors that increase the chance of developing breast cancer. Some women have many factors that increase their risk of breast cancer, but they do not develop it. On the other hand, there are women who develop breast cancer without having any risk factors
It is suggested that women between 25 and 40 years old who are asymptomatic and have no special risk factors for breast cancer undergo a clinical breast exam every 1 to 3 years.
The risk of getting breast cancer increases for the women ages above 40 so they are recommended to receive more frequent clinical breast exams.
Women ages above 40 should have a mammogram screening each year to diagnose breast cancer at its earliest and most treatable stage because in some cases breast cancer may not cause any symptoms.
Your doctor says the words, “You have breast cancer” and suddenly, everything around you stop. Your doctor may have continued to speak, but chances are you could not digest this information at the time or did not fully comprehend everything that was said. To really understand your diagnosis and treatment options, you have to learn about the many factors that are taken into account, such as: tumor type, lymph node status, and staging.
