Kerala, a state in southwest India, has achieved high human development despite low income through progressive policies and community participation. The "Kerala model" emphasizes literacy and education, land reform, strong public health system focused on primary care, women's empowerment, and political participation. As a result, Kerala has high literacy, life expectancy, and gender equality and low levels of poverty, child mortality, and population growth compared to other Indian states and nations with higher income levels. However, challenges remain in addressing non-communicable diseases, suicides, and pollution.
23. Can the poorest of a poor country lead decent lives?
Do they have access to adequate health care?
Adequate Minimum wage?
Be the President of Singapore?
Win an Oscar?
27. Health Indicators Kerala India
Birth rate 14.60 22.80
Death rate 6.60 7.40
Infant mortality rate 12.0 44.00
Maternal mortality ratio 40 301
Total Fertility rate 1.70 2.90
Life expectancy at birth
(Average)
74.00 63.50
28. If Kerala was your home instead of USA
you would…
Die 2 years sooner
Make 93% less money
Spend 99% less money on health care
Consume 95.4% less oil
Be 95.2% less likely to be in prison
Be 50% less likely to have HIV/AIDS
13.16% less likely to be murdered
29. THE KERALA MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT
High material quality-of-life indicators with low per capita
income
Wealth and Resource redistribution Programmes equally
Political participation and Activism among ordinary people
with dedicated leaders.
30. How did they achieve it?
100% literacy rate – outreach program 1981 with 20,000 volunteers
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Chart Title
Literacy Male Female
31.
32. Egalitarian Politics
Democracy
LDF vs UDF - Alternating every five years
Public Agitations, Strikes, and Stirs common
No American style Capitalism
Political awareness starts from kindergarten
High Minimum wage
Land Reforms and redistribution of wealth
33. Women Empowerment
Matriarchal society
Sex ratio 1.084 (1084 females per 1000 males)
Literate women
Average age of marriage 24
Family planning – 1992 birth rate hit replacement level
Free birth control and Liberal Medical termination of
Pregnancy
State supported Nutrition program for pregnant women
and new mothers
Breast Feeding initiative
34. Health
Our vision is that all people, no matter where they
live, no matter what their age, have a right to
access high quality and affordable healthcare
Emphasis on Primary Prevention.
2700 Government medical institutions
300 beds per 100,000 people
35. Universal Health Coverage
Health care and financial protection to all citizens
Sub replacement fertility level
Lowest Infant Mortality level
Baby friendly state
Best place to die if you have serious illness –Palliative care
36. Health Care System
Sub center- 5,000
Primary Health Center – 30,000
Community Health Center – 230,000
Secondary and Tertiary Health care Centers
37. Primary prevention plays pivotal role
Communicable diseases
Immunization camps
Health education to mother and children
Training Health workers and Accredited
Social Health Activist
Geriatric clinics
Pain and palliative center
39. has staged numerous 'pride parades' in the past decade
Health card as means of decriminalising MSM population
In 2016, allocated a part of its budget towards the employment and skill
training programs for transgenders in Kerala
Kerala in 2016, introduced free Sex Reassignment Surgery (SRS) through
government hospitals.
40. Take home message
Universal Health is our birth right.
Together all of us can improve the HDI globally
Miles to go before we sleep
Notes de l'éditeur
Kerala has been at the forefront of LGBT issue, along with its neighbour Tamil Nadu.[1] Whilst Lesbians, gays and bisexual remain marginalised due to laws in India, transgender people have secured legal rights in India. Kerala became one of the first States in India to follow this up with a welfare policy for the transgender community and in 2016, introduced free Sex Reassignment Surgery (SRS) through government hospitals.
