The document discusses the key differences and relationships between leadership and management. It defines management as the coordination of organizational resources to achieve goals efficiently and effectively, including planning, organizing, controlling, and staffing activities. Leadership is described as influencing others and organizational culture through vision, direction, and motivation to enable an organization to adapt to changes in its environment. The document emphasizes that both management and leadership are needed for an organization to be stable, progressive, and able to deal with constant change.

1. a) Leadership:(usually we are addressing leadership in the context of a Formal
Organization)
1.Creating vision and strategy
2.Communicating & setting direction
3.Motivating action
4.Aligning people to the tasks,
5.Creating systems that manages can operate, and transforming them when
necessary to allow for growth, evolution, opportunity and hazard
avoidance.

3.  The processes of coping with complexity,
 Comprised of practices and procedures that respond to
changes in business environment and the times,
 Planning and budgeting,
 Organizing and staffing,
 Controlling and operational problem solving,
 Capabilities for responding to complexity of systems and
people, technology and making them run efficiently day-to-
day,

4.  It is a set of activities focused on: human, financial,
physical and information resources of an organization for
achieving its goals in an efficient and effective manner,
(Griffin, 1999).
 It is the coordination of human, material, technological,
and financial resources needed for an organization to
achieve its goals, (Hess & Siciliano, 1996)
 It is the process of getting things done through the
efforts of others, (Mundy & Premeaux, 1995)

5.  In search of balance; often one is lacking in an
organization.
 Management without leadership implies that an
organization will be unable to deal with change
 Leadership without management implies that the
organization is only as strong, as progressive and as
stable as its charismatic leader,
 Many organizations are over-staffed with managers but
lack leadership to help them deal with constant change
in their operating environment and plan for succession.

6. Management
Organizational
Leadership
Organizational
GOAL
S
GOALs
Compliance Private Acceptance

7. Management activities
(efficient & effective
utilization of)
Financial
resources
Human
resources
information Physical
resources

8. Management
(coordination for the
attainment of goals)

10. Management is a process of
1. Designing
2. Maintaining
An environment where individuals and
groups work together for efficient
accomplishment of identified aims.
‘efficiency’ without ‘effectiveness’ can
be misleading. ‘designing’ and
‘maintaining’ are complex processes
that may require operationalizing

11. Planning
(Seeing the
organization goals and
deciding how best to
achieve them)
Controlling
(Monitoring & correcting
activities to facilitate
goal attainment)
Organizing
(Determining how best
to group activities and
resources, includes
staffing)
Motivating
(Motivating staff to
work in the best
interest of the
organization –
managing &
leading)

12.  Leadership (imbued with personality
flare to influence)
 Process used by a leader to
achieve goals, and the clearly
understood vision
 Influences the organizational
culture
 Allocates resources, directs
through policy and directives,
 Builds consensus within a
volatile, uncertain, complex and
ambiguous global environment –
marked by opportunities and
threats, (Magee, 1999)
 Management
 Taught in business schools
 Comprises of a set of managerial
decisions and actions,
 Determines the long run
performance of an organization,
including:
◦ A vision statement
◦ An environmental scan of external
factors vs organizational strengths and
weaknesses
◦ Tactical operational plans,
◦ Monitoring system (timely information)

13.  Both need to scan their external environment and audit
internal environment for strengths and weaknesses, and
sustain the motivation of employees.
 The future of the organization is tied to the management’s
ability to direct, or, to the leader’s capacity to ‘influence’ the
‘expectation’ of both the organization and workers,
 The way a leader guides and acts in an organization must be
institutionalized for consistency in the processes of decision
making.
 A strategic manager will find viable direction for the future and
establish systems that will get the employees compliance with
the requisite plans and policies & procedures.

14. U U
U
U
U=organization
environment.
X