Content presented in the modern perspective.....

1. Cognitive, social, Physical,
spiritual/moral and emotional
characteristic of adolescence and
early adulthood.
COMPILED BY BIG BIG BEN

2. Cognitive
characteristics of
adolescent.
 According to Slee, P. T., Campbell, M., &
Spears, B. A. (2012). Cognitive
development means the growth of a child’s
ability to think and reason. This growth
happens differently from ages 6 to 12, and
ages 12 to 18.Children ages 6 to 12 years
old develop the ability to think in concrete
ways. These are called concrete operations.

3. This stage of
Adolescence involves;
Doing abstract thinking. This means thinking
about possibilities.
Reason from known principles. This means
forming own new ideas or questions.
Consider many points of view. This means to
compare or debate ideas or opinions.
Think about the process of thinking. This
means being aware of the act of thought
processes.

4. SOCIAL
CHARACTERISTIC IN
ADOLESCENT.
 Searching for identity: adolescence and
early adults are busy working out who they
are and where they fit in the world. This
search can be influenced by gender, peer
group, cultural background, and media,
school and family expectations

5.  Seeking more independence: this is likely
to influence the decisions your child makes
and the relationships your child has with
family and friends.
 Seeking more responsibility, both at home
and at school

6.  Looking for new experiences: the nature of
teenage brain development means that
teenagers are likely to seek out new
experiences and engage in more risk-
taking behavior. But they’re still
developing control over their impulses

7.  Thinking more about “right” and “wrong”:
your child will start developing a stronger
individual set of values and morals.
Teenagers also learn that they’re
responsible for their own actions, decisions
and consequences. They question more
things. Your words and actions shape your
child’s sense of ‘‘right’’ and “wrong”

8.  Starting to develop and explore a sexual
identity: your child might start to have
romantic relationships or go on “dates”.
These are not necessarily intimate
relationships. For some young people,
intimate or sexual relationships don’t occur
until later on in life.

9.  Communicating in different ways: the
internet, cell phones and social media can
significantly influence how your child
communicates with friends and learns
about the world.

10.  Shows strong feelings and intense
emotions at different times. Moods might
seem unpredictable. These emotional ups
and downs can lead to increased conflict.
Brain is still the late adolescent and late
adults learns learning how to control and
express emotions in a grown-up way
EMOTIONAL CHANGES.

11.  They are more sensitive to your emotions:
young people get better at reading and
processing other people’s emotions as they
get older. While they’re developing these
skills, they can sometimes misread facial
expressions or body language.
 They are more self-conscious, especially
about physical appearance and changes

12.  Changes in relationships;
 Wants to spend less time with family and
more time with friends.
 Has more arguments with you: some
conflict between parents and children
during the teenage years is normal as teens
seek more independence. It actually shows
that your child is maturing. Conflict tends
to peak in early adolescence.

13.  Physical changes during adolescence
 For girls, you might start to see early
physical changes from about 10 or 11 years,
but they might start as young as 8 years or as
old as 13 years. Physical changes around
puberty include:
 Breast development, Changes in body shape
and height, Growth of pubic and body hair,
The start of menstruation.

14.  For boys, physical changes usually start
around 11 or 12 years, but they might start
as young as 9 years or as old as 14 years.
Physical changes include:
 Growth of the penis and testes
(testicles),Changes in body shape and
height, Erections with ejaculation, Growth
of body and facial hair, Changes to voice.

15.  PHYSICAL CHANGES IN EARLY
ADULTHOOD
 Physical development and maturation
complete, Peak of physical capabilities,
Brain wave patterns show more mature
patterns, Senses are peak,Most
professional athletes at peak during early
adulthood.

16. Spiritual /moral
characteristics in
adolescence and early
adulthood
 In adolescent religiosity and spirituality of
securely attached individuals is seen to be
stable over time. To the extent that securely
attached adolescents tend to display spiritual
transformation. They tend to do so by forming
other close relationships.

17.  In case of the insecurely attached
characteristics the individuals spirituality
and religiosity may reflect stress provoked
distress strategies in which God is used as
a substitute attachment like figure.

18. How modern
adolescence and early
adults negotiate
through the challenges.

19.  It is essential to examine the influence of
structural constraints on adolescents’ choices
and engagement in activities that promote
future options and opportunities. It is also
critical to understand what assets and needs
are essential for keeping modern adolescence
on healthy, productive pathways into early
adulthood.
 It is good to note that the modern challenges
however differ at some extent as compare to
the past.

20. Some of the challenges
faced by Adolescence
and early adults.
 Identity formation at both the social and
personal levels.
 acquiring the range of skills and values
needed to make a successful transition into
adulthood

21.  shifts in relationship with parents from
dependency and subordination to one that
reflects the adolescent’s increasing
maturity and responsibilities in the family
and the community.

22.  Peer Pressure: The peer influence is a
great challenge adolescence and early
adults face hence they are willing to
belong, they ought to maintain the likes
and unlike of the group.
 However peer influence can be positive
and negative.

25.  Identifying personal strengths and
weaknesses and refining skills to
coordinate and succeed in these roles.
 Finding meaning and purpose in the roles
acquired.

26.  Positive relationships with significant
others in early adulthood have been found
to contribute to a state of wellbeing.
…….In Summary……..
 How do modern adolescent and early adult
experiment and explore responsibility?
 How do modern adolescent and early adult
develop intellectual assets.
 How do modern adolescent and early adult
create psychological assets.
 How do modern adolescent and early adult
Establish social assets

27. THANKS.