Dr. Xiang Gao of the Energy Research Institute in China gave a presentation on flexibility under Article 13 of the Paris Agreement. He discussed the differences between flexibility and matching commitments to national circumstances for developing and developed countries. He suggested that flexibility in reporting could include layered reporting systems, using shall/should/may language, transition periods, and other approaches. Flexibility in review processes could allow countries to choose different types of technical review and facilitate multilateral consideration participation. The presentation aimed to explore flexibility options to enhance transparency while taking capacity and national circumstances into account.

1. Dr. Xiang GAO
(Energy Research Institute, NDRC, CHINA)
CCXG Global Forum on the Environment and Climate Change
OECD Conference Centre, Paris
September 14th , 2016
Flexibility under Article 13 of the
Paris Agreement

2. 国家发展和改革委员会能源研究所
Energy Research Institute, National Development and Reform Commission
| 1
General concept
 Flexibility v.s. Matching:
Differences
among Parties
National
circumstances
Capacity of Dg
countries
Matching
Flexibility
Resources, know-how, etc.
NDCs, sectors, gases, etc.

3. 国家发展和改革委员会能源研究所
Energy Research Institute, National Development and Reform Commission
| 2
Direction
Ambitious Goal / Standards to
enhance transparency
Current
practice of Dd
Current
practice of Dg
entry into force

4. 国家发展和改革委员会能源研究所
Energy Research Institute, National Development and Reform Commission
| 3
Flexibility in reporting
 Information:
1) Inventory: sectors, gases, time series, etc.
2) Mitigation: PaMs, effects, etc.
3) Adaptation: plans, actions, effects, progress, etc.
4) FTC received: areas, sectors, aggregation level, etc.
 Possible ways:
1) Layer system of reporting for Dg;
2) shall/ should/ may/ encourage;
3) Frequency;
4) Transition period;
5) Other ways?
Tableformat

5. 国家发展和改革委员会能源研究所
Energy Research Institute, National Development and Reform Commission
| 4
Flexibility in review (TER and FMC)
 Possible ways:
1) Mode of TER: can choose D/C/I;
2) Mode of FMC: can choose individual/group;
3) Frequency: linked with CB after previous review;
4) Participation: involved or not in the TER/ stages of FMC
other than workshop;
5) Other ways?

6. 国家发展和改革委员会能源研究所
Energy Research Institute, National Development and Reform Commission
| 5
谢谢！
Thank you!
Dr. Xiang GAO
Associate professor
Energy Research Institute,
NDRC, China
gaox@eri.org.cn