Trade and Circular Economy Workshop - Session 3 - Daniel Montalvo
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Trade and Circular Economy Workshop - Session 3 - Daniel Montalvo
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Trade and Circular Economy Workshop - Session 3 - Daniel Montalvo
- 1. A few words about the role of trade in the transition to a Circular Economy in Europe OECD Workshop on International Trade and the Circular Economy Daniel Montalvo OECD, 26 February 2020
- 2. How circular is Europe?
- 3. Trade as a tool to increase circularity… …when there’s a good environmental case for using trade to foster circularity • Already low-level restrictions for recovery • Make use of economy of scale • Find the best treatment option in line with waste hierarchy • Ensure BAT for receiving facilities • Broadly equivalent conditions for receiving facilities outside the EU
- 4. … but some principles apply • Certain “solutions” are discouraged (i.e. disposal) • Avoid trade where waste involves “risks” or induces environmental impacts (e.g hazardousness) • Avoid generating social and environmental externalities on third parties (i.e. ban on hazardous waste to non-OECD) • Self-sufficiency and proximity • Legitimate strategic interest to develop own infrastructure or unlock dependencies (e.g. criticality)
- 5. An example with plastics © martin gautron, Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.0)
- 6. (Lack of) Circularity of the plastics system
- 7. A key material with concerning global trends
- 8. Changes in few players, an opportunity to manage
- 9. Changes in few players, an opportunity to manage
- 10. Changes in few players, an opportunity to manage
- 11. Options for sustainable plastic waste trade • Plastics Strategy and CE Action Plan 2.0 will foster collection (increasing quantities) but also quality (easing the management) • Higher quality and new feedstocks or material replacement could solve issues underlying bans or trade restrictions • Better collection can enable markets that are now undesirable • Better technology and investment in third countries can change the picture • Safe-by design plastics and hazardous chemicals • Extended Producer Responsibility plays a role
- 12. But it is not only about recycling © Jason Taellious, Attribution-NonCommercial 2.0 Generic (CC BY-NC 2.0)
- 13. Trade as an enabler for preparation for re-use
- 14. Certain systems and their environmental aspects are all about trade
- 15. References and further contact with EEA Contact us: Daniel.Montalvo@eea.europa.eu The European Environment - State and Outlook Report 2020 https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/soer-2020/chapter-09_soer2020-waste-and-resources/view Waste prevention, focus on plastics https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/preventing-plastic-waste-in-europe The plastic waste trade in the circular economy Briefing: https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/waste/resource-efficiency/the-plastic-waste-trade-in Full report: https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-wmge/products/etc-reports/plastics-waste-trade-and-the-environment Reducing loss of resources from waste management Briefing: https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/waste/waste-management/reducing-loss-of-resources-from Full report: https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-wmge/products/etc-reports/are-we-losing-resources-when-managing-europes-waste-1 Textiles in Europe’s circular economy Briefing: https://www.eea.europa.eu/themes/waste/resource-efficiency/textiles-in-europe-s-circular-economy Full report: https://www.eionet.europa.eu/etcs/etc-wmge/products/etc-reports/textiles-and-the-environment-in-a-circular-economy
Notes de l'éditeur
- China ban (and others) Basel amendment on plastics Less exports, but lack of information on what happens to non-exported plastics Lead to demand for treatment in the EU Insufficient recycling infrastructure in the EU (lack of data): incineration? Landfilling? Opportunity to develop EU recycling infrastructure according to BAT – Circular Economy
- Not ideal dealing of plastics is a fact
- A good case for non-trading plastics and improving the environmental performance of the plastic system overall
- EU legislation is focusing more and more on preparation for re-use (e.g. “right to repair” most likely to be included in the forthcoming CE Action Plan, forthcoming fee modulation implementing act for Extended Producer Responsibility Schemes) Collective or individual Extended Producer Responsibility Schemes already widespread and increasing, wide range of private initiatives for take-back schemes CE is about closed loops and about maintaining value of waste as high as possible: best suited actors to serve these two objectives are the producers themselves Therefore, trade can be the enabler for waste materials and, especially, components to reach producers in the context of the more and more global value chains This way, this kind of trade can also replace illegal trade, such as in the case of WEEE (or “used products”) illegal exports.
- Textiles as a key sector whose drivers are dominated by a global supply chain Embedded impacts happen to be really high – 4th largest Highly linear production-consumption system where a lot can be done A host of options for all phases of the circular economy can help – make reference to briefing