Publicación: Abstract Book of the 15th World Congress on Pain; 2014.p.62. Conoce al Observatorio del Dolor: http://observatoriodeldolor.com/ Síguenos en Twitter: https://twitter.com/observadolor

1. TEST YOUR MEMORY (TYM): A NEW TOOL TO EVALUATE THE COGNITIVE FUNCTION
IN CHRONIC External Chair of Pain Grünenthal
@observadolor
PAIN PATIENTS.
Conclusion
Ojeda B1, Dueñas M1, Salazar A1, Torres LM2, Micó JA3, Failde I1.
1Preventive Medicine and Public Health Department, University of Cádiz, 2Anesthesiology-Critical Care and Pain Management,
University Hospital, Cádiz, 3NeuroScience Department, University of Cádiz, Spain.
Foundation-University of Cádiz. Background & Aims
Taking into account the need for an instrument
to assess cognitive function in chronic pain
patients in routine clinical practice, and
considering the good properties of the nnnneeeewwww TTTTYYYYMMMM
WWWWhhhhaaaatttt aaaannnndddd hhhhoooowwww iiiissss tttthhhheeee TTTTYYYYMMMM
tttteeeesssstttt????
Double
sided sheet
TTTTYYYYMMMM pppprrrrooooppppeeeerrrrttttiiiieeeessss ccccoooommmmppppaaaarrrreeeedddd ttttoooo MMMMMMMMSSSSEEEE
CCCCPPPP ((((222255554444)))) CCCCoooonnnnttttrrrroooollllssss ((((77772222)))) NNNNPPPP ((((111100004444)))) MMMMSSSSKKKK ((((99999999)))) FFFFMMMM ((((55551111))))
iiiinnnnssssttttrrrruuuummmmeeeennnntttt to assess cognitive function, in
this study wwwweeee pppprrrrooooppppoooosssseeeedddd ttttoooo aaaannnnaaaallllyyyyzzzzeeee tttthhhheeee vvvvaaaalllliiiiddddiiiittttyyyy
aaaannnndddd rrrreeeelllliiiiaaaabbbbiiiilllliiiittttyyyy ooooffff tttthhhheeee SSSSppppaaaannnniiiisssshhhh vvvveeeerrrrssssiiiioooonnnn ooooffff tttthhhhiiiissss
Includes different tasks to
assess 10 cognitive domains
Original structure (Brown, 2009) No. of
Score
TTTTYYYYMMMM MMMMeeeeaaaannnn ((((SSSSDDDD))))
IIIICCCC ((((99995555%%%%))))
MMMMiiiinnnniiiimmmmuuuummmm
MMMMaaaaxxxxiiiimmmmuuuummmm
FFFFlllloooooooorrrr ((((%%%%))))
44440000....5555 ((((5555....5555))))
33339999....8888-44441111....2222
22221111
55550000
0000....4444
44443333....9999 ((((4444....1111))))
44443333-44444444....9999
33331111
55550000
1111....4444
44440000....5555 ((((6666....2222))))
33339999....3333-44441111....7777
22221111
55550000
1
44440000....7777 ((((5555....4444))))
33339999....6666-44441111....8888
22226666
44449999
3
44440000....2222 ((((4444....4444))))
33338888....9999-44441111....44445555
33331111
55550000
2
• Test Your Memory
is a quick and
easy tool to
qqqquuuueeeessssttttiiiioooonnnnnnnnaaaaiiiirrrreeee iiiinnnn ppppaaaattttiiiieeeennnnttttssss wwwwiiiitttthhhh cccchhhhrrrroooonnnniiiicccc ppppaaaaiiiinnnn
10
2
3
4
MMMMeeeetttthhhhoooodddd
ffffrrrroooommmm tttthhhhrrrreeeeeeee ddddiiiiffffffffeeeerrrreeeennnntttt oooorrrriiiiggggiiiinnnnssss.
items
1111.... OOOOrrrriiiieeeennnnttttaaaattttiiiioooonnnn
2222.... CCCCooooppppyyyyiiiinnnngggg....
3333.... RRRReeeettttrrrrooooggggrrrraaaaddddeeee mmmmeeeemmmmoooorrrryyyy ((((sssseeeemmmmaaaannnnttttiiiicccc kkkknnnnoooowwwwlllleeeeddddggggeeee))))....
4444.... CCCCaaaallllccccuuuullllaaaattttiiiioooonnnn....
9
1
2
4
CCCCeeeeiiiilllliiiinnnngggg ((((%%%%))))
1111....2222
5555....6666
1111....9999
1
2
MMSE Mean (SD)
IC (95%)
Minimum
Maximum
26.9 (2.2)
26.7-27.2
17
30
29.1 (1.4)
28.8-29.4
24
30
26.9 (2.2)
26.5-27.4
17
30
27 (2.3)
26.5-27.4
20
30
26.8 (2.3)
26.2-27.5
19
30
evaluate cognitive
function.
• TYM test shows
Instruments
Cognitive function:Test Your
Subjects
5555.... VVVVeeeerrrrbbbbaaaallll fffflllluuuueeeennnnccccyyyy....
6666.... SSSSiiiimmmmiiiillllaaaarrrriiiittttiiiieeeessss....
7777.... NNNNaaaammmmiiiinnnngggg....
8888.... VVVViiiissssuuuuoooossssppppaaaattttiiiiaaaallll aaaabbbbiiiilllliiiittttyyyy 1111 &&&& 2222 ((((cccclllloooocccckkkk))))....
9999.... AAAAnnnntttteeeerrrrooooggggrrrraaaaddddeeee mmmmeeeemmmmoooorrrryyyy.
1
2
5
2
1
4
4
5
7
6
IIIInnnntttteeeerrrrnnnnaaaallll ccccoooonnnnssssiiiisssstttteeeennnnccccyyyy
Floor (%)
Ceiling (%)
0.4
9.4
1.4
58.3
1
8.7
1
11.1
2
7.8
The higher scores represent
better cognitive function.
good
psychometric
properties in
FFFFaaaaccccttttoooorrrr
8 factors identified
Memory test (TYM) and Mini Mental
State Examination (MMSE).
Psychiatric disorders: Hospital
Anxiety and depression scale
254 chronic pain (CP)
patients (pain ≥3
months):
104 neuropathic (NP)
99 Musculoskeletal
11110000.... EEEExxxxeeeeccccuuuuttttiiiivvvveeee ((((aaaabbbbiiiilllliiiittttyyyy ttttoooo ccccoooommmmpppplllleeeetttteeee tttthhhheeee tttteeeesssstttt))))....
1
5
28 50
Range of item correlations
DDDDoooommmmaaaaiiiinnnnssss No. of
items
IIIItttteeeemmmm-iiiinnnntttteeeerrrrnnnnaaaallll
ccccoooonnnnssssiiiisssstttteeeennnnccccyyyya
Item-discriminant
consistencyb
(Cronbach’s alpha was 0.66) chronic pain
patients.
aaaannnnaaaallllyyyysssseeeessss:
Eigenvalues ranging from 3,5
to1,1.
Percentage of total variance
acconted for 53%.
(HADs)
Sleep: Medical Outcome Study
Sleep scale (MOS-Sleep scale).
Quality of life: SF-12 v1
(MSK)
52 fibromyalgia (FM)
DDDDeeeemmmmooooggggrrrraaaapppphhhhiiiicccc aaaannnndddd cccclllliiiinnnniiiiccccaaaallll cccchhhhaaaarrrraaaacccctttteeeerrrriiiissssttttiiiiccccssss ((((CCCCPPPP ppppaaaattttiiiieeeennnnttttssss:::: nnnn==== 222255554444))))
72 control subjects free NNNNeeeeuuuurrrrooooppppaaaattttiiiicccc ppppaaaaiiiinnnn (NP)
OOOOrrrriiiieeeennnnttttaaaattttiiiioooonnnn
SSSSeeeemmmmaaaannnnttttiiiicccc kkkknnnnoooowwwwlllleeeeddddggggeeee
CCCCaaaallllccccuuuullllaaaattttiiiioooonnnn
SSSSiiiimmmmiiiillllaaaarrrriiiittttiiiieeeessss
9
2
4
2
....22220000-....55550000
....77776666-....77777777
....55551111-....77777777
....77772222-....88880000
.00-.31
.06-.21
.02-.19
.03-.16
• TYM test will be
of particular value
in clinical setting.
Construct validity
Hypothesis:
1. TYM positively correlated with the Health
of pain. n=111100004444
MMMMuuuussssccccuuuulllloooosssskkkkeeeelllleeeettttaaaallll ppppaaaaiiiinnnn
Internal (MSK) n=99999999
consistency
NNNNaaaammmmiiiinnnngggg
VVVViiiissssuuuuoooossssppppaaaattttiiiiaaaallll
5
2
....11112222-....77774444
....77776666-....77776666
.00-.11
.04-.16
aMinimum-maximum correlation of the item with its own scale
bMinimum-maximum correlation of the items with other scales
SSSSttttuuuuddddiiiieeeessss: No study 12%
Primary 39%
Secundary 41%
Universitary 8%
36% Men Women 64%
Related Quality of Life (mental/physical
component from SF-12) and with the Mini-
Mental State Examination (MMSE).
PPPPaaaaiiiinnnn iiiinnnntttteeeennnnssssiiiittttyyyy Significant differences
44
- Cronbach’s alpha
coefficient.
- Item-internal
consistency/Item-discriminant
2222.... TYM negatively correlated with anxiety
43,78
CCCCoooonnnnssssttttrrrruuuucccctttt vvvvaaaalllliiiiddddiiiittttyyyy
PPPPaaaaiiiinnnn dddduuuurrrraaaattttiiiioooonnnn
Mean MONTHS: 111100008888....5555
(p<0,005)
and/or depression (HADs test scores), sleep
quality (Index-9 from MOS-sleep), duration
and intensity of pain (VAS).
3333.... Differences in the mean scores of the TYM
FFFFiiiibbbbrrrroooommmmyyyyaaaallllggggiiiiaaaa (FM)
n=55551111
41,7 41,53
42,54
43
42
TYM score
discriminant
consistency.
Structure of
the TYM
(SD:97.6)
Mean VAS= 6666....6666
(SD:1.9)
test between groups of pain/no pain, type of
pain, optimal/no optimal sleep (MOS-sleep),
anxiety (HADs-A>10) and depression (HADs-D
>10), and categories of intensity and
40,53
40,68
40,32
40,66
41,22
39,05
40,24
40,55
40,27
40,84
40,63
40,62
40,04
40,53
41
40
- Exploratory
Factor Analysis
(EFA) after
Varimax rotation.
AAAAnnnnxxxxiiiieeeettttyyyy &&&& DDDDeeeepppprrrreeeessssssssiiiioooonnnn ((((HHHHAAAADDDDssss 0000-22221111))))
39
duration of pain. 38,94 38
Printed by
HRQoL: Higher
scores=Better QoL
QoSleep: Higher scores=Worst
QoSleep Pain duration