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1. Welcome To
Presentation
Group ID:
103-33-335
102-33-202
102-33-219
102-33-206
102-33-203
102-33-230

2. Kaplan Turbine
Viktor Kaplan (1876-1934)

3. Kaplan Turbine
• The Kaplan turbine is a great
development of early 19th
century.
• Invented by Prof. Viktor Kaplan
of Austria during 1913 – 1922.
• The Kaplan is of the propeller
type, similar to an airplane
propeller.
• Kaplan turbine is a low head
turbine and used for heads of
less than 80 meters.
• It is a pure axial flow turbine
uses basic aerofoil theory.

5. Main Parts of a Kaplan Turbine
Scroll Casing:
It is the Casing in which guides the water and control
the water passage.
Guide Vanes:
It is the blade in which guides the water and control the water
passage.
Draft Tube:
After passing through the runner the
water is discharged to the tail race
through a gradually expanding tube.
Runner:
It is connected to the shaft of the
generator.
Hub:
It is the part of the runner in which
blades are mounted.

6. Working Principle:
• Water under pressure flush draft
tube through the guide vanes and
falls on the adjustable blades,
which enables adjust the flow.
• After crossing propeller is the
kinetic energy of water converted
into rotational motion shaft.
The shaft powered generator
producing electric power.

7. Classification of kaplan Turbine:
• The Kaplan turbine can be divided in double and single
regulated turbines.
• A Kaplan turbine with adjustable runner blades and
adjustable guide vanes is double regulated while one with
only adjustable runner blades is single regulated.
• The double regulated Kaplan turbines can work between 15%
and 100% of the maximum design discharge;
• the single regulated turbines can only work between 30% and
100% of the maximum design discharge.

8. Advantages:
• It can be used for the sites having very low Head.
• The advantage of the double regulated turbines is that
they can be used in a wider field.
• At part loads there is reduced loss of efficiency.
• Kaplan turbine has efficiency up to 90 percent
• Because of small dimension of the power house
there is saving in excavation and civil Engineering works.

9. Disadvantages:
• Leakage of water into generator chamber and
Condensation are source of trouble.
• Cost is very high for maintenance.