Revision powerpoint on population growth and trends

1. 1. Population Indicators
Ever wondered what a world map would look like if the size of each country
was relative to the size of the population living there?

2. Background information
• At the start of the 20th
century the world’s population was 1.65 billion. In October 1999
the world’s population passed 6 billion.
• World population is expected to pass 7 billion in 2013
• The rate of population growth has started to slow down from an annual increase of 2.04%
in the late 1960s to 1.31% in 2000.
• The world’s population is unevenly distributed with over 80% of the population living in
less developed regions
• The population is also unevenly distributed within most countries as a result of a
combination of human and physical factors.

3. Population indicators
Birth rate The number of live births occurring among the population of a
given geographical area during a given year, per 1,000 people
Death rate The number of deaths occurring among the population of a given
geographical area during a given year per 1,000
Fertility rate The expected number of children a women will have during her
lifetime
Infant mortality rate The number of deaths of children under one year of age
occurring in a given geographical area during a year, per 1,000
live births
Life expectancy The average number of years a newborn infant would live given
the patterns of mortality at time of birth
Migration rate The difference between the number of persons entering and
leaving a country during the year per 1,000 persons
Population density The population per square kilometre
What are population indicators and what do they mean?

4. Population indicators
Birth rate Death rate Fertility rate Infant
mortality rate
Life expectancy Migration rate Population
density
Niger 50.54 Angola 23.4 Niger 7.6 Angola 175.9 Japan 82.25 Zimbabwe
24.83
Monaco
16,500
Uganda 47.49 Afghanistan
17.39
Uganda 6.69 Afghanistan
149.2
San Marino
83.01
United Arab
Emirates 19.00
Singapore
7,197
Mali 45.62 South Africa
17.09
Mali 6.44 Niger 112.22 Monaco 89.73 Bahrain 16.10 Malta 1,317
Birth rate Death rate Fertility rate Infant
mortality rate
Life expectancy Migration rate Population
density
Monaco 6.94 United Arab
Emirates 2.06
Singapore 1.11 Monaco 1.79 Angola 38.76 Tonga –17.94 Mongolia 1.77
Japan 7.31 Kuwait 2.11 Taiwan 1.15 Singapore 2.32 Afghanistan
45.02
Guyana –15.55 Namibia 2.68
Germany 8.30 Qatar 2.43 Japan 1.21 Bermuda 2.47 Nigeria 47.56 Jordan –14.32 Australia 2.92
The table shows the highest figures for each of the population indicators
The table shows the lowest figures for each of the population indicators
Note that in the case of birth rate, death rate, fertility rate and infant mortality rate the figures
drop as the countries develop. Life expectancy increases with development. Do any patterns
exist with migration rates and population density?

5. Population indicators
What patterns exist between the different population indicators?

6. Population indicators
There is a negative correlation
between life expectancy and infant
mortality rate
As life expectancy
increases, infant
mortality decreases
Afghanistan has the highest
infant mortality rate of 165
and the lowest life
expectancy of 44
Iceland has the lowest infant
mortality rate (1.9) and a very
high life expectancy (82).
Japan has the highest life
expectancy (83)
Zimbabwe is an
anomaly as it has a
life expectancy of 44
(the same as
Afghanistan) but
has an infant
mortality rate of 62.
The majority of the
countries with high
infant mortality rates
and low life
expectancies are in
Africa
The majority of
countries with low
infant mortality rates
and high life
expectancies are
located in Western
Europe, Australasia,
North America and
South East Asia

7. Population indicators
There is a negative correlation
between life expectancy and infant
mortality rate
As life expectancy
increases, infant
mortality decreases
Afghanistan has the highest
infant mortality rate of 165
and the lowest life
expectancy of 44
Iceland has the lowest infant
mortality rate (1.9) and a very
high life expectancy (82).
Japan has the highest life
expectancy (83)
Zimbabwe is an
anomaly as it has a
life expectancy of 44
(the same as
Afghanistan) but
has an infant
mortality rate of 62.
The majority of the
countries with high
infant mortality rates
and low life
expectancies are in
Africa
The majority of
countries with low
infant mortality rates
and high life
expectancies are
located in Western
Europe, Australasia,
North America and
South East Asia