Kidney stones are crystal deposits that form in the kidneys, causing pain when passing through the urethra. Symptoms include pain in the back, abdomen, groin, frequent urination, nausea and vomiting, and blood in the urine. Kidney stones most commonly affect people aged 30-50 and are more common in men. Treatment options include increased fluid intake, prescribed medications, and surgical removal of larger stones.

1. KIDNEY STONES

2. WHAT ARE KIDNEY STONES?
Kidney Stones are crystal deposits of varying size
that form in the kidneys.

3. CAUSES
What Causes Kidney Stones
• Inadequate intake of fluid
• Persistant bladder infection
• Prolonged bedrest
• Genetics
• Inflamitory boul diesase
• Gout

4. • Pain in back abdomen and groin
• Frequent painful urination
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Blood in urine
• Fever
• Unhealthy urination
SYMPTOMS

5. AFFECTED ORGANS
• Kidney
• Bladder
• Anus
• Urinary System

6. TRANSMISSION
You can not pass on this disease. It is not contagious in any way.

7. DIAGNOSIS
• Urine Tests
• Ultra Sound
• Blood Tests
• X-Rays

8. TREATMENT/ OUTCOME
After lots of rest and fluid, possibly a prescribed drug called cytopsy the stones should go
away, although they may re-occur on occasion.

9. People aged 30-50 are most at risk. It is most
common in men, though not unheard of in
women and children.
STATISTICS
(PEOPLE AT RISK)

10. HISTORY
“The existence of kidney stones was first
recorded thousands of years ago, and
lithotomy for the removal of stones is one
of the earliest known surgical
procedures. In 1901, a stone was
discovered in the pelvis of an ancient
Egyptian mummy, and was dated to
4,800 BC.”