Pew Research Center 2015 Democracy Presentation
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Richard Wike, Director of Global Attitudes Research, details global public opinion on democracy at the World Forum for Democracy, in Strasbourg, France on November 18, 2015. Using the Pew Research Center’s Spring 2015 Global Attitudes Survey, he discusses support for democratic principles around the world, including religious freedom, gender equality, a free press, free speech and competitive elections. It is based on 40,786 face-to-face and telephone interviews in 38 countries with adults 18 and older conducted from April 5 to May 21, 2015.
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Pew Research Center 2015 Democracy Presentation
- 1. Global Public Opinion on Democratic Rights and Free Expression Richard Wike Director of Global Attitudes Research Strasbourg, November 2015
- 2. November 20, 2015 2 Pew Research Center • Established 1996 • Funded by the Pew Charitable Trusts • Non-profit, non-partisan fact tank in Washington • Since 2002, we have surveyed in 85 countries • www.pewresearch.org www.pewresearch.org
- 3. November 20, 2015 3www.pewresearch.org Methodology • Surveys conducted across 38 countries from April 5 to May 21, 2015, totaling 40,786 respondents • Based on nationally representative telephone and face-to-face interviews with adults 18 and older • The margin of sampling error for the complete set of weighted data is ±2.8% - ±4.3%
- 4. November 20, 2015 4www.pewresearch.org Pew Research Center Democracy Survey 2015 Countries surveyed
- 5. ATTITUDES TOWARD DEMOCRATIC PRINCIPLES November 20, 2015 5www.pewresearch.org
- 6. November 20, 2015 6www.pewresearch.org Democratic Principles Valued Highly 74% 65 61 56 55 50 94% 91 90 89 88 81 Somewhat importantVery important People can practice their religion freely Women have the same rights as men Honest elections are held regularly w/ choice of at least two parties People can say what they want w/o state or gov’t censorship The media can report news w/o state or gov’t censorship People can use the internet w/o state or gov’t censorship Total How important is it that __ in our country? Note: Percentages are global medians based on 38 countries.
- 7. November 20, 2015 7www.pewresearch.org Support for Free Speech, Press Freedom and Internet Freedom Regional median saying it is very important that __ without state/gov’t censorship in our country Note: Global median of 38 countries. Russia and Ukraine not included in Europe median.
- 8. November 20, 2015 8www.pewresearch.org Most Say Religious Freedom, Gender Equality, Elections Important Regional median saying it is very important that __ in our country Note: Global median of 38 countries. Russia and Ukraine not included in Europe median.
- 9. November 20, 2015 9www.pewresearch.org Those with More Education More Supportive of Media Freedom Very important that the media can report the news without state or gov’t censorship in our country Note: There are also significant differences in 11 other countries. For the purpose of comparing educational groups across countries, we standardize education levels based on the UN’s International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED). For the countries shown, the lower education category is secondary education or below and the higher category is post-secondary or above.
- 10. November 20, 2015 10www.pewresearch.org Higher-Income People Are More Supportive of Press Freedom Very important that the media can report the news without state or gov’t censorship in our country Note: There are also significant differences in 7 other countries. Respondents with a household income below the approximate country median are considered lower income. Those with an income at or above the approximate country median are considered higher income.
- 11. November 20, 2015 11www.pewresearch.org Women More Likely to Prioritize Gender Equality Very important that women have the same rights as men in our country Note: There are also significant differences in 19 other countries.
- 12. November 20, 2015 12www.pewresearch.org Support for Religious Freedom by Personal Importance of Religion Note: There are also significant differences in 29 other countries. Very important that people can practice their religion freely in our country
- 13. November 20, 2015 13www.pewresearch.org Higher Internet Usage, More Support for Internet Freedom South Korea Australia Canada U.S. UK Spain Israel Germany Chile France Italy Russia Turkey Palest. ter. Argentina Poland Japan Malaysia Venezuela Jordan Lebanon Brazil Ukraine Mexico Peru Vietnam South Africa Philippines Kenya Nigeria Senegal Indonesia Ghana India Tanzania Burkina Faso Pakistan Uganda 0 20 40 60 80 0 20 40 60 80 100 Percent who say they use the internet at least occasionally or own a smartphone % Percent who say it is very important that people can use the internet without state/gov't censorship in our country % Correlation = .68
- 14. ATTITUDES TOWARD TYPES OF SPEECH November 20, 2015 14www.pewresearch.org
- 15. November 20, 2015 15www.pewresearch.org Publics Worldwide Support Right to Criticize Their Government 20% 57 60 66 69 80% 35 35 26 25 People should be able to say these things publicly Gov't should be able to prevent people from saying these things publicly Criticize the government's policies Statements that call for violent protests Are sexually explicit* Are offensive to your religion or beliefs Are offensive to minority groups Statements that … Global medians * Not asked in Malaysia. Note: Global median of 38 countries.
- 16. November 20, 2015 16www.pewresearch.org Americans More Supportive of Free Speech People should be able to make statements that __ publicly * Not asked in Malaysia. Note: Global median of 38 countries.
- 17. November 20, 2015 17www.pewresearch.org Global Views about Different Types of Speech 95% 91 90 74 73 70 U.S. Europe Latin America Middle East Africa Asia/Pacific 67% 46 50 24 36 27 77% 47 47 20 30 28 People should be able to make statements that __ publicly Criticize the government’s policies Are offensive to minority groups Are offensive to your religion or beliefs Note: Russia & Ukraine not included in Europe median.
- 18. November 20, 2015 18www.pewresearch.org Global Views about Different Types of Speech People should be able to make statements that __ publicly 52% 39 29 22 20 16 U.S. Europe Latin America Africa Middle East Asia/Pacific 44% 31 31 22 15 24 Are sexually explicit Call for violent protests Note: Russia & Ukraine not included in Europe median.
- 19. November 20, 2015 19www.pewresearch.org Education Divide on Freedom to Critique Government in Public People should be able to make statements that criticize the government’s policies publicly Note: There are also significant differences in 21 other countries.
- 20. ATTITUDES TOWARD MEDIA AND CENSORSHIP November 20, 2015 20www.pewresearch.org
- 21. November 20, 2015 21www.pewresearch.org When Can Government Stop Media from Publishing? Note: Global median of 38 countries. Do you think that media organizations should be able to publish information about these types of things or that the government should be able to prevent media organizations from publishing information about these types of things in some circumstances?
- 22. 75% 78 81 56 44 55 November 20, 2015 22www.pewresearch.org Most Support for Press Freedom in Latin America 88% 87 86 76 72 68 Latin America Europe U.S. Africa Middle East Asia/Pacific 68% 53 35 44 32 38 Regional median saying media organizations should be able to publish information about … Large political protests in our country Economic issues that might destabilize the country’s economy Sensitive issues related to national security Note: Russia & Ukraine not included in Europe median.
- 23. November 20, 2015 23www.pewresearch.org Age and Transparency on National Security Issues Media organizations should be able to publish information about sensitive issues related to national security Note: Only statistically significant differences shown. 18-29 30-49 50+ Youngest-oldest diff % % % South Korea 52 49 19 +33 Australia 44 32 23 +21 UK 43 28 24 +19 Senegal 26 17 8 +18 Canada 46 38 32 +14 Poland 82 81 69 +13 France 53 52 40 +13 Russia 46 42 33 +13 U.S. 44 34 31 +13 Italy 66 60 54 +12 Spain 65 63 54 +11
- 24. November 20, 2015 24www.pewresearch.org Support for Free Expression High in U.S., EU, Latin America Free expression index Note: Support for free speech is measured using an eight-item index ranging from 0-8, with 8 representing the most supportive of free expression. Of the questions included in the index, five questions ask about free speech and three questions ask about free press.
- 25. November 20, 2015 25 All Pew Research Center reports and data are available online at www.pewresearch.org www.pewresearch.org