This document provides an introduction to artificial intelligence, including its history, applications, advantages, and limitations. It discusses how AI can help machines solve complex problems in a human-like way. Key applications of AI mentioned are expert systems, natural language processing, speech recognition, computer vision, and robotics. The future of AI is promising, with the potential for intelligent robots to assist humans by performing tasks. However, challenges also exist, such as how to prevent dangerous self-modifying systems.
3. Contents
• Introduction
• History of Artificial
Intelligence
• WhyAI
• Limitations of Human Mind
• Applications
• Advantages
• Disadvantages
• Future
• Conclusion
4. Introduction
Artificial Intelligence is a branch of
Science which deals with helping
machines finds solutions to complex
problems in a more human-like fashion.
This generally involves borrowing
characteristics from human intelligence,
and applying them as algorithms in a
computer friendly way.
5. BriefHistoryofAI
• 1941: Firstelectronic computer (technology finally available )
• 1956: Term Artificial Intelligence introduced
• 1960s: Checkers-playing program that was able to playgames
with opponents
• 1980s: Quality Control Systems
• 2000:First sophisticated walking robot
6. WHY AI?
Computers are fundamentally well suited to
performing mechanical computations, using
fixed programmed rules. This allows artificial
machines to perform simple monotonous
tasks efficiently and reliably, which humans
are ill-suited to. `
7. LIMITATIONSOFHUMANMIND
• Object recognition. People cannot properly explain
how they recognize objects.
• Face recognition. Cannot be passed on to another
person by explanation.
• Naming of colours. Based on learning, not on
absolute standards
8. APPLICATIONS OF A I
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Expert systems.
Natural Language Processing (NLP).
Speech recognition.
Computer vision.
Robotics.
9. EXPERT SYSTEMS
•An Expert System is a computer program designed to act as
an expert in a particular domain (area of expertise).
PhasesinExpert System
•Expert systems currently are designed to assist experts, not
to replace them, They have been used in medical diagnosis,
chemical analysis, geological explorations etc.
10. NaturalLanguage Processing
The goal of NLPis to enable people and computers to
communicate in a natural (humanly) language(such as, English)
rather than in a computer language.
The field of NLPis divided in 2categories—
• Natural Language understanding.
• Natural Language generation.
11. SpeechRecognition
The primary interactive method of communication used by
humans is not reading and writing, it is speech.
The goal of speech recognition research is to allow
computers to understand human speech. So that they can
hear our voices and recognize the words we arespeaking.
It simplifies the process of interactive communication
between people and computers, thus it advances the goalof
NLP.
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12. ComputerVision
People generally use vision as their primary means ofsensing
their environment, we generally see more than we hear, feel or
smell or taste.
The goal of computervisionresearch is to give computers
this same powerful facility for understanding their
surrounding. Here A.Ihelps computer to understand what
they see through attachedcameras.
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13. ROBOTICS
ARobot is a electro-mechanical device that
can by programmed to perform manual tasks
manipulator designed to move
or a reprogrammable multi functional
materials,
parts, tools, or specialized devices through
variable programmed motions for
performance of variety of tasks.
An ‘intelligent’ robot includes some kind
of sensory apparatus that allows it to
respond to change in it’s environment
14. Advantages
They will probably be increasingly used in the fieldof
medicine.
Aknowledge based expert system, which can cross-reference
symptoms and diseases will greatly improve the accuracy of
diagnostics.
Object recognition will also be a great aid todoctors.
Along with images from cats cans or X-raymachines, they
will be able to get preliminary analysis of thoseimages.
This of course will be possible only if people solve legal
questions that arise by giving power to a machine tocontrol
or influence the health of ahuman
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16. Disadvantages
✦ Self-modifying, when combined with self-replicating, can lead
to dangerous, unexpected results, such as a new and
frequently mutating computer virus.
17. FUTURE
The day is not far when you will just sit back in your cozylittle
beds and just command your personal Robot's to entirely do
your ruts .Hewill be a perfect companion for you. Justenjoy
the Technology.
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19. Conclusion
Init’s short existence, AIhas increased understanding of the
nature of intelligence and provided an impressive array of
application in a wide range of areas. It has sharpened
understanding of human reasoning, and of the nature of
intelligence in general. At the same time, it has revealed the
complexity of modeling human reasoning providing new areas
and rich challenges for the future.
