dbms mca bca database management system database data manipulation language dml rdbms pgdca lost update problem phantom read problem unrepeatable read problem dirty read problem concurrency problems atomicity durability isolation consistency acid transaction msc serializable schedule non-serial schedule serial schedule scheduler boyce-codd normal form (bcnf) third normal form (3nf) second normal form (2nf) first normal form (1nf) decomposition anomalies normalization update command insert command select command select insert update delete data transnational language data control language data definition language tcl dcl ddl sql languages sql
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