Training and devlopment

1. Engineer Training
Train the Trainer

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Agenda
 Structuring a training session
 Adult Learning (know your audience)
 Presentation Skills
 Practice presentation

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Structuring a Training Session
When presentations are poorly organized, the impact of the
message is reduced, and the audience is less likely to learn.
POINT

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Structuring a Training Session (cont.)
 Modular
 Builds on one another
 From easy to harder
 For each subject
 Presentation
 Demonstration
 Hands on practice

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Structuring a Training Session
Introduction
Main
presentation Summary

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Overview/Introduction
 Introduces the lecture topics
 Main points
 Quick “road map” of information
 Gets the attention and interest
 Helps in organizing the material
 Informs of agenda

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
An Effective Introduction
 Keep it brief
 Don’t go into details of lecture
 Set the objectives
 Set expectations
 Relate to prior knowledge
 Try to get attention

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Main Presentation
Logical flow
 Every point leads to the next.
 Don’t jump from one topic to other.
 Connect the points.
Explain the details
 Use simple words.
 Use graphics when needed.
Use Examples

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Main Presentation (Cont.)
 Use Syllabus.
 Refer to Handouts.
 Answer only content relevant questions.
 Refer others to later.
 Ask questions.
 Don’t read from slides.

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Summary/Conclusion
 Reinforces message
 Summary of main points
 A closing grabber
 Provides a sense of closure
 Time for questions & answers

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Effective Conclusion
 End with a bang, not a whimper!!!
 Don’t give new information.
 Only review points.
 Review process/steps.
 Refer to your introduction.
 When summarizing a module, show where it fits in the big
picture.

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Demonstrating
 Demonstrate workflow.
 Highlight main features.
 Make sure all students can see.
 Do it slowly!!!

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Hands on Practice
 I hear and I forget.
 I see and I retain.
 I DO and I UNDERSTAND.

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Hands on Practice
 Practice makes better!
 Insist on students completing
exercises.
 Instructor looks over shoulders to
offer help.
 Don’t DO IT for them.
NO, on the
computer

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Questions and Answers
 Listen to the entire question.
 Repeat the question out loud.
 Pause to think if needed.
 Credit the person.
 Respond to the question.

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
The Answer!
 Always tell the truth!!!
 If you don’t know the answer, promise to research.
 Get back to trainee with answer.
 Answer directly.
 Simple answer to simple question.
 Stay on track, brief and to the point.
 Refer to your speech.
 Helps reinforce & clarify presentation.

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Questions and Answers (Cont.)
 Anticipate areas of questioning and prepare.
 Acknowledge every question.
 If not appropriate, postpone.
? ? ?

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Problem Solving
 Investigate (the problem)
 Acknowledge
 Formulate solution
 Respond
 Follow up

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Other Factors...
 Time constraints
 Daily schedule
 Breaks
 Lunch
 No interruptions!
 Have all students present.
Do NOT
Disturb

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Class Set up
 Define setup in advance.
 Be early.
 Set up class with appropriate computers and applications.
 Set up files and training materials.

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Training Material
 User Guide/Care & Maintenance Guide
 Technical notes
 Installation Guide
 Relevant drawings

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Summary
How should it be?

23. Adult Learning
Know Your
Audience

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Table of Contents
 Course audience
 Understanding different learning styles
 Culture differences
 Motivation
 Information processing
 Preventing learner overload

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Know Your Audience
 Key principle of a successful presentation.
 Preparation must include gathering information about
your audience and their needs.
A well prepared speech given to the wrong
audience can have the same effect as a poorly
prepared speech given to the correct audience. They
both can fail terribly.

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Know your A-u-d-i-e-n-c-e
Analysis - Who are they? How many will be there?
Understanding - What is their prior knowledge?
Demographics - What is their age, sex, background?
Interest - Why are they there? Who asked them?
Environment - Where will I stand? Can they all see?
Needs - What are their needs? What are your needs?
Customized - What specific needs to address?
Expectations - What do they expect to learn or hear?

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Know your Audience
 Who is your audience?
 What are their objectives?
 What is their prior knowlegde?
 What are their expectations?

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Learning Styles
 Individuals perceive and process information in very different
ways.
 How much individuals learn has more to do with whether the
educational experience is geared toward their particular style of
learning than whether or not they are "smart“.
 Educators should not ask, "Is this student smart?" but rather
"How is this student smart?"

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Culture Differences
 Be aware!
 Learn and prepare in advance.
 Adapt as much as possible.
 Customize to local needs.
 Be patient and ask for
patience.

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Engineer Training
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Adult Learning
 Issues Affecting Adult Learning:
 Learner’s Motivation
 Information Processing
 Applying Knowledge

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Engineer Training
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Learner’s Motivation
ARCS model - Kellers (1987)
 Getting learners Attention
 Keeping instruction Relevant
 Giving learners Confidence they can learn
 Maintaining interest by providing Satisfaction

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Engineer Training
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Information Processing Elements
 Before you start…
 Prior Knowledge
 Objectives
 Gain Attention

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Information Processing Elements
(Cont.)
 Presentation
 Course Overview
 Focus Attention
 Level of Presentation
 Organize Material
 Transferring to Long Term Memory

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Engineer Training
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Information Processing
How would you cope with a
learner that does not understand your explanation?

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Engineer Training
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Preventing Learner Overload
 What is learner overload?
 Why does it occur?
 Learners need to process information.
 Learners cannot hold large amount of information in working
memory.

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Preventing Learner Overload -
Suggestions
 Talk simply and explain more.
 Incorporate key learning points into notes.
 Do less while participants do more.
 Chunk training and distribute it over time.
 Give new learners “training wheels”.
 Detect and remedy overload situation.

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Engineer Training
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Coping with Difficult Trainees
 Involve participants.
 Acknowledge trainees ideas.
 Don’t get personal - be objective.
 Don’t give in to personal attackers - stick to the facts.
 Enlist other trainees help if it is disruptive to them as well.

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Summary
Learner centered instruction
 Objectives
 Needs
 Expectations
 Motivation
 Prior knowledge
 Personality type
 Learning Style
 Learning Capacity

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Effective Customer Relations
Listen to your customers -
Then talk

40. Presentation Skills

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
List the elements that influence a presentation.
What Is a Winning Presentation?

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Table of Contents
 Overview
 Before You Begin...
 Using your Voice
 Body Language Skills
 Language and Style
 Demonstrating aids

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Communication is...
Verbal (content)
Vocal (How it is said)
Visual (What is seen)

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Communication Success
 7% VERBAL
 55% VISUAL
 38% VOCAL
Psychologist Albert Mehrabian

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Before You Begin...
“There are two types of speakers, those that are nervous,
and those that are Liars”. (Mark Twain)
 Prepare
 Positive self-messages
 Attitude towards yourself, teaching, material, audience

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Engineer Training
Train the Trainer
Prepare
9 P’s
Prior Proper Preparation Prevents Poor
Performance of the Person Putting on the
Presentation.

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Engineer Training
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Preparing Presentations
 Know audience.
 Know subject matter.
 Know training material - Rehearse first 3 minutes.
 Prepare room.
 Check equipment.
 Handouts.

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How Do People Use Their Voice?

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Engineer Training
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Using your VOICE
 Breathing
 Projection
 Articulation
 Volume
 Variety
 Common Voice problems

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Proper Breathing...
 Good Breathing= Good Voice
 Relaxes
 Frees muscles for good speech
 Focuses thoughts
 Enables the right attitude

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Engineer Training
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Projection
 Projection
 Making yourself understood
 Bringing breath forward into sound
 Relax muscles and stand erect.
 Shouting tires voice, causes hoarseness.
 Projection gives POWER.

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Engineer Training
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Articulation
 Articulation - making yourself understood.
 Every sound is clearly heard.
 Articulate with consonants = t,d,p,b,v,f,k,c,g
 Enunciate with Vowels = A, I,O,E,U
 TIP! Consonants lost over distance – Exaggerate!

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Engineer Training
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Variety
 Add excitement, enthusiasm by varying:
 Pitch - tone
 Adds impact and drama.
 Pace
 Pause
 Volume
 Change for significant information or new mood.

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Engineer Training
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Common Voice Problems
 Nervousness
 Swallowed voice - Mumbling
 Thinking Noises: Um, Ah, Er
 Lip smacking
 Shouting
 Speaking too fast or slow
 Monotone

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Engineer Training
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Body Language Skills
Total body as a communication vehicle
Eye Contact
Hands and Arms
Dress
Gestures
Facial expression

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Engineer Training
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Eye-to-Eye Communication
 Engages audience, gains attention, improves impression,
provides feedback.
 HOW?
 Connect with audience, one person at a time.
 Look directly.
 Move eyes after 3-5 seconds.
 Speak to everyone.
 Do not shift gaze - left to right.
 Talk to audience not screen, projector, ceiling.

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Facial Communication
 Vary facial expression - put emotion into speaking.
 Don’t forget to SMILE!

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Using Your Hands and Arms

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Using Your Hands and Arms
 HOW ?
 Become conscious.
 Do not grip things or hands.
 Natural movements.
 Eliminate irritating movements.
 Jingling keys, waving, tapping.

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Dress
BE:
 Comfortable
 Appropriate
 Yourself

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Using Language and Style
 Be Specific.
 Explain ambiguities.
 Use simple words.
 Watch Abbreviations & Acronyms.
 Active voice.

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Language and Style
Watch:
 Grammar faults
 Jargon
 Slang

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Spicing Up your speech
Introduce:
 Examples
 Questions
 Case studies
 Stories
 Humor

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Engineer Training
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Demonstrating
 WHAT TO DO?
 Tell them what you are going to do.
 Demo it, or get class member to demo.
 Tell them what you have done.
 HOW?
 Project voice, Speak slowly.
 Maintain eye contact with audience.
 Only look at screen when needed.

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Demonstrating - Tips and Tricks
 DO:
 Make sure EVERY member can see the demonstration.
 Face and speak to audience, not monitor or machine.
 Use pointer to highlight items.
 Stand to the side.

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Demonstrating - Do NOT
Block line of sight to screen.
Create shadows.

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Summary - Winning Presentations
 Use your voice correctly
 Breathing, being heard, being understood, variety.
 Use your body
 Eye contact, expression, hands and arms, gestures, dress.
 Use correct language.
 Keep the audience interested.
 Demonstrate effectively.