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Similaire à SOFC-polttokenno (20)
SOFC-polttokenno
- 2. 2
Convion
• Convion Ltd. has taken over the Wärtsilä fuel cell
development program from 1.1.2013
• Convion will provide fuel cell solution for distributed
power generation applications
• By commercializing 50 - 300kW products based on SOFC
technology
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
- 3. © CONVION
Fuel CellTechnologies
FC
Type
Anode
Fuel
Cathode
oxidant
Operating
temp (°C)
Efficiency
(LHV) Application
PEM H2 Air 60 – 100 30 – 40 Portable
Small residential
Transportation
AFC H2 O2 60 – 120 30 – 40 Portable
Small residential
Transportation
PAFC H2 Air 150 – 250 35 – 45
50 – 70 *
Med. Residential
Commercial
MCFC H2, CO,
NH3,
CH4
Air+CO2 550 – 700 45 – 55
80 – 90
Industrial
Commercial
Large residential
SOFC H2, CO,
NH3,
CH4
Air 650 – 850 45 – 55
80 – 90 *
Industrial
Commercial
Large residential
The most common fuel cell types, named according to their
electrolyte
Low
temperature
Intermediate
temperature
High
temperature
- 4. © CONVION
Energy efficinecy in small scale
Stationary gas power plant
Power generation 630 MW
District heating power 580 MW
Gas turbine efficiency 35 %
Power generation efficiency 49 %
Transmission losses* -3 - 7 %
Source : Helsingin energia
* Energia teollisuus ry.
Convion fuel cell
Power generation 50 -300 kW
Power for heating 20 -120 kW
Fuel cell efficiency >60 %
Power generation efficiency >53 %
Transmission losses 0 %
- 5. Electrical efficiency between 53 – 65% net AC
Total energy efficiency > 85%
Fuel flexibility including Natural gas, Biogas and Hydrogen
Zero NOx, SOx and particulate emissions
Independent and secure power source
And further increase customers energy efficiency, sustainability
and power security
Convion C50 – C300 products can meet
the needs of future CHP solutions
6
C50, 50kW fuel cell power unit 3xC50, 150kW fuel cell power unit
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
- 6. 7
Customer value propositions
Energy Efficiency
Excellent electrical efficieny combined with heat recovery
Further improvement when combined with heat pump
applications: block of flats, hotels, offices, small industries
Industrial self generation
Increased power independence, efficiency and security
applications: industry processes, shopping centers, biogas
utlisation, LNG boil-off, etc.
Power security
Highly reliable power solutions based on duplicated power
source for critical loads
applications:Telecom, data centers, hospitals, other
critical loads
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
- 9. 10
Convion C50 product targets
Performance Targets
Net power output 58kW (3x400-440V AC 50/60Hz)
Energy efficiency (LHV)
Electrical (net , AC)
Total (exhaust 60°C)
> 53 %
> 80 %
Heat recover
Exhaus gas flow
Exhaust gas temperature
650 kg/h
222 °C
Emissions
NOx
Particulates(PM10)
CO2 (NG, nominal load )
CO2 (with heat recovery)
< 2 ppm
< 0.09 mg/kWh
354 kg/MWh
234 kg/MWh
Fuels Natural gas, City gas, Biogas
Dimensions (L x W x H)
power unit
aux. equipment
3,6 x 1,90 x 2,3 m
3,3 x 0,6 x 2,2 m
Noise level < 70 dB(A) at 1 m
Installation
Temperature
Indoor / outdoor
-20 – +40°C
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
- 10. 11
Heat balance - Sankey diagram
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
Conversion
losses
Net AC
Power out
Exhaust heat, Tcool 40°C
2.1% residual heat
in exhaust
Own power
consumption
Heat
losses
LHV in 114.75 kW
8.42kg/h NG
ηel= 52%
ηtot= 81.6%
7.5%
9.7%
2.6%
3kW
2.4lkW
3.5%
Heat
gain
59.5kW
34kW
15.9kW heat to
environment
INDOOR INSTALLATION, ηtot= 97.9%
- 11. • Hot exhaust of SOFC is suited for warming of hot water
• High heat pump efficiency for space heating
Case: building integration with high efficiency
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion 14
- 12. Typical heat pump performance
Compressor power, kW 29
Heating power, ground heat source, kW 107
COP, EN 14511 0/35 °C 3.7
Cooling power when connected to
ventilation, kW
103
COPc, 12/7 °C, 36/42 °C 2.7
C50 combined with a heat pump
- Annual variability of heating and cooling demands balance each other;
over 6000h utilization/ year for the heat pump
- Heat pump, ventilation and building automation form near constant base
load best suited for SOFC system, variable load can be covered from grid
- In case of a grid failure, critical loads may be served by appropriately sized
SOFC with Convion’s proprietary load following technology
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
(source: Oilon)
16
- 13. • By combining a locally installed SOFC CHP system with
• CO2 emissios from heating may be reduced to 89 kg CO2/MWh
• Further reduction of emissions may be achieved by placing the
SOFC installation into a building, thus utilizing lost low grade heat
• As a reference, CO2 emissions of independent heat
generation for district heating in Finland are, on average,
226kg CO2/MWh*
Reduction of CO2 emissions is 60% with Convion products
(*Source: Motiva)
Efficient, building integrated energy supply
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion 17
- 14. • Reliability and independence of on-site power
generation facilitate safe and resilient operations
• Increased dependability increase customer value
• C50 units are capable of grid independent operation
• Maintenance interval is longer and reliability higher
compared with combustion engines
• C50 products be arranged in a parallel without sacrificing
efficiency
• Parallel units may be maintained independently
Increased dependability
18© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
- 15. ASSUMPTIONS:
- Grid unavailability per year is
1 hour
- Critical loads can be powered
by N parallel SOFC units with
one redundant module
- SOFC unavailability due to
scheduled and reactive
maintenance is independent
of state of power grid or
state of other SOFC units
Grid parallel N+1 redundant SOFC configuration
0
0,5
1
1,5
2
2,5
0,95 0,96 0,97 0,98 0,99 1
Unavailabilityinminutes/year
Single SOFC system availability
Grid parallel N+1 configuration
5+1/ Grid
4+1/ Grid
3+1/ Grid
2+1/ Grid
1+1/ Grid
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion 19
- 16. • Since cost as €/MWh is higher with new energy technologies the
other attributes may compensate the higher investment costs
• Fuel cells can increase customer value by providing higher energy
efficiency, better power security and power independence
Case; power security has a significant value
Added value from fuel cells
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion 20
- 17. © CONVION
Global Fuel Cell Market
Global FC deliveries have grown
annually close to 40% since 2006.
Over 50% growth (in delivered MW)
for 2012
In stationary SOFC started to replace
PEMFC in residential applications. In
larger stationary applications SOFC
has fastest growth
SOFC seen as future winner due to
better cost potential.
FC market potential and expectations
are high
SOURCE : FC todat Industry review 2013
http://www.fuelcelltoday.com/analysis/industry-review
14/8/13
0
50
100
150
200
250
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 E2013
MW/Technology
MCFC
SOFC
PAFC
PEMFC
- 18. Residential fuel cell
• Japan/Ene-Farm is leading the implementation
of small residential fuel cells, close to 40 000
untis have been installed
• CFCL / BlueGen leading in energy efficiency with
60% net Ac,
• Callux project in Germany, 560 units installed by
end of 2013
• Alcore, small wall mounted fuel to complement
existing heating systems
• Other
- Ceres Power, UK
- Dantherm Power, DK
- AVL, BOSCH, Vaillant, Weissman, Plansee,
Germany
23© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
- 19. 26
Conclusion
• Fuel cells are being commercialized both in small scale
and large scale applications
• Fuel cell can increase customer’s energy efficiency and
power security
• Convion will provide fuel cell solution for distributed
power generation applications
• Convion is looking for interested partners for fuel cell
demonstrations starting 2015
© CONVION 16-Jun-14 Fontell / Convion
- 20. Thank you
© CONVION Tekniikantie 12, FI-02150 Espoo, Finland www.convion.fi
Erkko Fontell, CEO / erkko.fontell@convion.fi