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Tobacco Winnable Battle presentation
1. Tobacco Control:
A Winnable Battle
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2. Tobacco use damages virtually
every part of the body
Smoking Secondhand Smoke
3. Tobacco use is still the leading preventable cause
of death in the U.S.
46.6 million U.S. adults smoke
Tobacco causes nearly 1 in 5 deaths in U.S.
• >440,000 deaths/year, >1,200/day
For each death, it is estimated that 20 more
suffer tobacco-related illnesses
Annual costs: $96 billion in medical expenses
plus $97 billion in lost productivity
Many Americans left unprotected, especially
service industry workers
• 26 states still lack comprehensive smoke-free laws
4. Tobacco kills about 443,000 in the U.S. every year
Average annual number of deaths, 2000-2004.
Source: Smoking-Attributable Mortality, Years of Potential Life Lost, and Productivity Losses – United States, 2000-2004. MMWR
2008;57(45):1226-1228.
5. The decline in adult cigarette smoking
has stalled
Civilian, non-institutionalized adults, aged 18 years of age and over, who currently smoked cigarettes.
Source: National Health Interview Surveys, 1965-2009.
6. Smoking rates vary widely by race/ethnicity
Note: Question wording changed in 1992 in order to identify smokers who smoked less than daily. This graph includes all smokers,
regardless of frequency.
Source: National Health Interview Survey, 1978-2009; data aggregated for selected years.
7. Smoking rates vary widely by state/region
Note: Persons who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in lifetime and currently smoke everyday or some days.
Source: Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance Survey, NCCDPHP, CDC, 2009.
8. Heart disease deaths are closely aligned with smoking
Heart Disease Death Rates, 2000-2004
Adults ages 35 Years and Older by County
Source: Vital Records; National Center for Health Statistics, CDC, 2000-2004.
Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention: Data Trends & Maps Web site. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Atlanta, GA, 2010.
Available at http://www.cdc.gov/dhdsp/.
9. Short-term impact of a comprehensive approach:
Youth and adult smoking rates in NYC
Source: BRFSS 1993-2001; NYC Community Health Survey 2002-2009; NYC YRBS 2001-2009.
10. Long-term impact of a comprehensive approach:
Lung and bronchus cancer incidence rates in CA
California: A 15 year investment of
$1.8 billion in tobacco control reduced
health care costs by $86 billion
Rates are per 100,000 and age-adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard (19 age groups).
* The annual percent change is significantly different from zero (p<0.05).
Source: Cancer Surveillance Section. Prepared by: California Department of Public Health, California Tobacco Control Program, 1988-
2005. 2010.
11.
12. We know what works
Sustained funding of
comprehensive programs
Excise tax increases
100% smoke-free policies
Aggressive media
campaigns
Cessation access
Comprehensive
advertising restrictions
13. The tobacco industry is outspending
tobacco prevention efforts 20:1
Sources: Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids; Federal Trade Commission; CDC Office on Smoking and Health.
14. When tobacco control funding increases,
high school smoking decreases
Source: Project ImpacTEEN; University of Illinois at Chicago; State University of New York at Buffalo; Youth Risk Behavior Survey,
1993-2009.
* Adjusted to 2009 CPI.
† High school students (grades 9-12) who smoked on 1 or more of the 30 days preceding the survey.
15. When cigarette prices increase,
cigarette sales decrease
Source: ImpacTeen Chartbook: Cigarette Smoking Prevalence and Policies in the 50 States.
16. Increased tobacco excise taxes
increase price
10% increase in cigarette prices 4% drop
in adult cigarette consumption
Youth much less likely to start smoking when
prices are high
Adjust taxes to offset inflation and tobacco
industry attempts to control retail prices
• E.g., promotional discounts for retailers who reduce
cigarette prices
Tobacco taxes are the single most effective
component of a comprehensive tobacco
control program
17. Smoke-free policies save lives
Prevent heart attacks
• Up to 17% average reduction in heart attack
hospitalizations in places that enact smoke-free laws
Help motivate smokers to quit
Worker safety issue – not “personal nuisance”
• All workers deserve equal protection
• Only way to protect non-smokers from secondhand
smoke
Smoke-free workplace laws don’t hurt
business
No trade-off between health and economics
18. 25 states and D.C. have comprehensive
smoke-free indoor air laws
Laws in effect as of November 10, 2010
Source: CDC, Office on Smoking and Health. State Tobacco Activities Tracking and Evaluation (STATE) System.
19. Almost 50% of U.S. population is covered by
comprehensive state or local smoke-free laws
Population figures are as of December 31 of each given year; July for 2010. All population figures are from the United States Census.
Source: American Nonsmokers’ Rights Foundation, 2000-2010.
20. Aggressive media campaigns work
Media campaigns work to:
Reduce youth initiation
Encourage cessation
Increase negative attitudes
toward tobacco use
Increase support for policy
change
21. The impact of cessation services
Currently: 46.6 million U.S. smokers
• 70% of smokers want to quit
• 40% try to quit each year
• Only 2% call state or national quitlines
• Medicaid coverage for cessation varies widely
among states
Tobacco cessation can be achieved through:
• Significant tax and price increases
• Comprehensive smoke-free policies
• Aggressive counter-advertising
22. State and federal policy activities
(2009-2010)
Excise Tax Increases
• 21 state increased cigarette taxes
Smoke-Free Policies
• 10 additional states achieved comprehensive status
Federal Legislation
• Federal excise tax increase
• Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act
• Prevent All Cigarette Trafficking (PACT) Act
• Affordable Care Act
23. Closing Statement
For more information please contact Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333
Telephone, 1-800-CDC-INFO (232-4636)/TTY: 1-888-232-6348
E-mail: cdcinfo@cdc.gov Web: www.cdc.gov
The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official
position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Notes de l'éditeur
Image 1 shows each part of the body that can be affected by cancer or chronic disease due to smoking. Image 2 illustrates the adverse health effects across the body due to secondhand smoke exposure for both children and adults.
Pie chart breaks down the percentages of tobacco-related deaths in the U.S.
Graph shows that decline in adult cigarette smoking rate has stalled.
Graph maps the change in smoking rates for each ethnicity by year.
U.S. Map is color-coded to illustrate the age-adjusted smoking rates in each state.
U.S. Map is color-coded to illustrate heart disease death rates by county.
Graph shows trends in youth and adult smoking rates in New York City, with dips labeled as specific public health interventions.
Graph compares lung and bronchus cancer incidence rates of California and the U.S. as a whole.