3. Introduction to IoT
• The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated
computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects,
animals or people that are provided with
unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data over a
network without requiring human-to-human or human-to-
computer interaction.
• Its basically connecting things to the internet.
• IoT is basically connecting physical world through the virtual
world.
• IoT was proposed by kelvin Asthon in 1999.
4.
5. Application of IoT
• Agriculture
• Education
• Public healthcare
• Energy
• Disaster management
• Infrastructure employment
• Governance
6.
7. IoT in Agriculture
• Smart agriculture using IoT is all about saving water and
Increasing efficiency.
• Its also called smart farming.
• Smart agriculture or smart farming is a process of handling
and monitoring agriculture activity using wireless technology
and sensors.
• Using sensors and wireless technology farmers gets real-time
information from field to his remote location.
8. Agriculture with the following point is called smart:-
• Crop health monitoring and crop safety.
• Weather monitoring
• Monitor Condition of soil
• Nutrition in soil for crop growth
• Field equipment monitoring
• Livestock monitoring
• Dairy
9. Advantages
• Real time information of farm.
• Customized knowledge.
• Increased productivity and better access to market.
• Better return on investment (ROI).
• Less man power required on field
• Water consumption 75% less.
10. Disadvantages
The disadvantages are not in the motive to use IoT in agriculture
but it occurs in technicalities while implementing solutions:-
• For IoT based agriculture the disadvantage is need for every
soil type to be calibrated. So it may take time to analyze the
things and cost more than usual.
• Faulty sensors or data processing engines can cause faulty
decisions which may lead to over use of water, fertilizers and
other wastage of resources.
• The current IoT systems are not scalable or reliable and the
initial costs are high which the farmers cannot afford.
• The smart farming based equipment require farmer to
understand and learn the use of technology.
11. CONCLUSION
• These are the disadvantages which we can easily negotiate,
on other hand the advantages are many and the scope of IoT
in agriculture is huge.
12. IoT in Education
• Now a days IoT plays a vital role in education system.
• In education system IoT increases education curiosity among
teacher and student.
• Internet of things provides a new learning model that creates
a bridge between physical world and virtual world.
• Today IoT uses in higher education sector, especially
universities.
• Some application of IoT that are used in education system are
smart class, smart e-learning, smart library and smart
attendance system etc.
13. Techniques used in modern day education system:-
1. RFID in education system:- used for automatically identify
and track tags attached to devices or objects.
2. Cloud storage in IoT based Education system:- Cloud storage
are of two parts (i) individual user:- which provides the
online storage space for uploading, downloading and
sharing.
(ii) Application user:- which is comprehensive and efficient
storage space. It provides the service that will access all
digital campus related application.
3. Smart Classrooms:- it consists of various types of hardware
and software modules. The modules are projector, laptop ,
smart phones, smart board, camera etc.
* students can more satisfy from lecture, presentation and
conversation by smart classroom.
14. • Smart Surveillance system:- a smart surveillance system has
microphone, camera, sound sensor and PIR sensor to collect
information in every class in the form of video.
*collected data from smart classrooms are stored in cloud for
future playback.
• Smart Attendance system:- we can improve the attendance system
using IoT technology to provide more effectively and more
efficiently.
We discuss two type of IoT based attendance system:-
1. If each student has a RFID attached student ID card. Each
classroom contains a RFID reader which reads each student ID
cards for update their attendance which makes a smart classroom
roll call system.
2. Using NFC (Near Field Communication) based attendance system
where each student has NFC embedded Smartphone and a NFC
scanner is placed in the front of the class. The NFC reader read
each student ID card through his/her Smartphone and it store
information in the server.
15. E-Learning
• IoT based e-learning systems help to collect data from the devices
connected in the smart campus and share it to each other for
convenient and also effective manner
• we can share class notes to outside of the classrooms using IoT
based e-learning system.
• It creates a virtual classroom where many student of different
classroom in different region can learn easily.
• IoT based e-learning system can create a competiveness between
local and international students.
• This system provides course content, user interface design, digital
libraries, e-learning classrooms notes, compressing note's image
and it will also provide anytime anywhere access class notes
opportunity.
16. Limitations
• The maximum area (72%) of India is rural and the internet
facility did not reach there.
• Due to Poor internet connectivity, IoT based education system
is hard to implement in rural area.
• Economical problem.
• Lack of smart devices etc.
17. IoT in Healthcare
• Internet of things can aid to improve the primary healthcare.
• the people in some rural communities, it is even a challenge as to
how one gets to the nearest clinic because of lack of transportation
and financial constraints.
• The waiting time before treatment at the clinics can be too long
even if the patient is very critical.
• Introducing systems such as Telemedicine would allow patients to
be remotely monitored for routine checkups.
• A patient can wear a portable device all the times: at home, at
work, while sleeping and on the move. This would result in less
frequent routine visits to the doctor while treatment can still be
adjusted with the information from the telemedicine systems.
18. IoT Use Cases in HEALTHCARE
1. Remote patient monitoring:- To check the diabetic patient in
the remote area Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM) device is
used. It’s a device that is the size of a penny which monitors
blood glucose level non-stop after it’s inserted in a patient’s
arm.
*The monitoring data can be easily accessed via Android or
iOS device.
19. • Tracked ingestible sensors:- The World Health
Organization conducted a study in 2003 to find out that about
50% of prescribed medicines aren’t taken the right way or
completely ignored.
• A prominent example of resolving this issue is the ingestible
sensors solution developed by Proteus. These tiny sensors
take place of a prescription and send a signal a receiving
device upon dissolution in the stomach.
• smart pills’ will surely help reduce the rates of incorrect,
senseless consumption of highly important medical
prescriptions.
• Abilify mycite
20. • Mobile health:-Also called m-health, it’s the way of watching
and taking care of one’s health via mobile can be a true life-
saver for modern patients, practically all of whom use smart
phones regularly.
21. Advantages of IoT in healthcare
• Accessibility:- Doctors can view all the necessary data on
command and check real-time patient conditions without
leaving their office.
• Cost savings:- One of the greatest advantages of IoT in
healthcare is that efficient autonomous systems will cost less
to manage and ‘employ’ in the long run. Things are even
better when it comes to patient cost savings due to fewer
hospital journeys as well as accelerated diagnostics and
treatment.
22. Disadvantages of IoT in healthcare
• Privacy can be potentially undermined. As we’ve already
mentioned, systems get hacked. Lots of attention will need to
be focused on data security.
• Unauthorized access to centralization. There is a chance that
dishonest interlopers may access centralized systems and
realize some cruel intentions.
23. IoT In Disaster Management System
• The disaster management system using Internet of Things
(IoT) is capable of sensing atmospheric changes and upload
the data obtained to the cloud server.
• On the occurrence of disastrous events, alerts are given via
Gmail.
• Actuators like Fan and Sprinklers are used to control disasters
like fire and extreme temperature.
