The syllabus outlines 11 labs for a robotics course where students will build various robots using software like Robix, LEGO MINDSTORM NXT, and Rogue Blue. They will start with building basic robotic arms and mobile robots that follow lines or move in squares. Later labs involve adding sensors, Bluetooth communication between robots, and building more advanced line-following robots that can detect and avoid obstacles. The final labs focus on building moving and reflex robots using the Rogue Blue board.