Content about human shock

1. by
Hevar Nyaz Abdqadir
Miran Hiwa
Supervised BY
Dr.Harseen Mahmud Rahim

2. Content
 What is shock?
 Types Of Shock
 What are the signs and symptoms of
shock?
 What causes shock to occur?
 How is shock diagnosed?
 Can you fully recover from shock?
 Can shock be prevented?

3. Types Of Shock
 There are many types of shock. They fall under four main
categories, based on what has affected the flow of blood.
The four major types are:
 obstructive shock
 cardiogenic shock
 distributive shock
 hypovolemic shock

4. What is shock?
 Your body experiences shock when you don’t have enough
blood circulating through your system to keep organs and
tissues functioning properly.
 It can be caused by any injury or condition that affects the
flow of blood through your body. Shock can lead to multiple
organ failure as well as life-threatening complications.

5. What are the signs and
symptoms of shock?
 If you go into shock, you may experience one or more of the
following:
 rapid, weak, or absent pulse
 irregular heartbeat
 rapid, shallow breathing
 chest pain
 nausea
 confusion
 anxiety
 thirst and dry mouth
 low blood sugar
 loss of consciousness

6. What causes shock to
occur?
 Anything that affects the flow of blood through
your body can cause shock. Some causes of
shock include:
 severe allergic reaction
 significant blood loss
 heart failure
 blood infections
 dehydration
 poisoning
 burns

7. How is shock diagnosed?
 external symptoms.
 low blood pressure
 weak pulse
 rapid heartbeat
Imaging tests
Your doctor may order imaging tests to check for injuries or damage to your internal
tissues and organs, such as:
bone fractures
organ ruptures
muscle or tendon tears
abnormal growths
Such tests include:
ultrasound
X-ray
CT scan
MRI scan

8. How is shock treated?
treatment plan for shock will depend on the cause of your
condition. Different types of shock are treated differently. For
example, your doctor may use:
 epinephrine and other drugs to treat anaphylactic shock
 blood transfusion to replace lost blood and treat hypovolemic
shock
 medications, heart surgery, or other interventions to treat
cardiogenic shock
 antibiotics to treat septic shock

9. Can you fully recover from
shock?
Your chances of recovery and long-term outlook
depend on many factors, including:
 the cause of shock
 the length of time you were in shock
 the area and extent of organ damage that you
sustained
 the treatment and care that you received
 your age and medical history

10. Can shock be prevented?
Some forms and cases of shock are preventable
For example
 To lower your risk of blood loss from injuries, wear
protective gear when taking part in contact sports,
riding your bike, and using dangerous equipment.
Wear a seatbelt when traveling in motor vehicles.
 To lower your chances of heart damage, eat a
well-balanced diet, exercise regularly, and avoid
smoking and secondhand smoke.

11. Reference
 International Trauma Life Support for Emergency Care Providers (8 ed.). Pearson
Education Limited. 2018. pp. 172–173. ISBN 978-1292-17084-8.
 ATLS - Advanced Trauma Life Support - Student Course Manual (10 ed.). American
College of Surgeons. 2018. pp. 43–52, 135. ISBN 978-78-0-9968267.
 Tabas, Jeffrey; Reynolds, Teri (2010). High Risk Emergencies, An Issue of Emergency
Medicine Clinics - E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. p. 58. ISBN 978-1455700257.
 Smith, N; Lopez, RA; Silberman, M (January 2019). "Distributive Shock". PMID
29261964.
 Olaussen A, Blackburn T, Mitra B, Fitzgerald M (June 2014). "Review article: shock
index for prediction of critical bleeding post-trauma: a systematic review". Emergency
Medicine Australasia. 26 (3): 223–8. doi:10.1111/1742-6723.12232. PMID 24712642.
 Guyton, Arthur; Hall, John (2006). "Chapter 24: Circulatory Shock and Physiology of Its
Treatment". In Gruliow, Rebecca (ed.). Textbook of Medical Physiology (11th ed.).
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Elsevier Inc. pp. 278–288. ISBN 978-0-7216-0240-0.
 Tintinalli, Judith E. (2010). Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide
(Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli)). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies. pp. 165–172.
ISBN 978-0-07-148480-0.
 Tintinalli, Judith E. (2010). Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide
(Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli)). New York: McGraw-Hill Companies. pp. 174–175.
ISBN 978-0-07-148480-0.
 Assessing dehydration and shock. NCBI Bookshelf. National Collaborating Centre for
Women's and Children's Health (UK). Retrieved 2019-05-09