3. • English formula for BMI:
703 x Weight in pounds ÷ (Height in inches)2
• Metric formula for BMI:
Weight in Kilograms ÷ (Height in meters)2
4. DEFINITION
for children between 2 and 20 years of age:
●Underweigh – BMI <5th percentile for age and sex
●Normal weight – BMI between the 5th and 85th percentile
●Overweight – BMI between the 85th and 95th
●Obese – BMI ≥95th percentile
●Severe obesity – BMI ≥120 percent of the 95th percentile values, or
a BMI ≥35 kg/m2 (whichever is lower)
6. Currently, almost one third of children and adolescents in the United States are either
overweight or obese.
●Overweight or obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥85th percentile)
22.8 percent of preschool children (2 to 5 years)
34.2 percent of school-aged children (6 to 11 years)
34.5 percent of adolescents (12 to 19 years)
●Obese (BMI ≥95th percentile)
8.4 percent of preschool children
17.7 percent of school-aged children
20.5 percent of adolescents
●Severe obesity (BMI that is either ≥120 percent of the 95th percentile or ≥35 kg/m2)
1.7 percent of school children
6.8 percent of school-aged children
7.7 percent of adolescent girls and 6.8 percent of adolescent boys
National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012.
7. • 19 317 healthy children and
adolescents
• 5 to 18 years of age
• The overall prevalence of:
• Overweight 23.1%
• obesity 9.3%
• severe obesity 2% Over weight obesity severe obesity
13. 2.THE (THRIFTY) GENE HYPOTHESIS.
• (thrifty) phenotype gene:
• Storage calories in adipose tissues ^
• Protect energy store during starvation
• More intense food-seeking behavior.
• (wasteful) phenotype gene:
• Store less calories as adipose tissues
• Less intense food-seeking behavior.
14. 3.WEIGHT SET POINT& REGULATION OF
ENERGY HOMEOSTASIS
• Weight set point is maintained by adjustment to metabolic rate in response
to changes in body mass.
Dec. caloric intake=dec. leptin
