2. EMS
• The EMS is part of a comprehensive management system that
address how the over all business activities including its products
and services impact the environment.
ISO 14000 SERIES STANDARDS
Organizational Evaluation Standards
Environmental
Management System
14001 :Specification
14001: General
Guidelines
Environmental auditing
Guidelines: ISO 19011
Environmental
Performance
evaluation
14031 Guidelines
3. Product Evaluation Standards
Environmental
aspects in product
standards
Guide 64 EAPS
Guide
Environmental
Labeling
14020 Basic Principles
14021 Self declaration
14024 Third party
14025 Type III declaration
Life cycle assessment
14040 principles and
framework
14044 Requirements and
Guidelines
4. Concepts of ISO 14001
• This standard provides organizations with the elements for an
Environmental Management System(EMS) which can be integrated
into other management system to achieve environmental and
economic goals.
• Over all aim is to support environmental protection and prevention
of pollution in balance with socioeconomic needs.
• Environment- is defined as the global surroundings in which an
organization operates and includes air , water, land , natural
resources, humans, flora , fauna and their interaction.
• Environmental Aspect-is defined as an element of an organization’s
activities, products or services that can interact with the
environment.
5. • Environmental Impact- is defined as any change, whether adverse or
beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organization’s
environment aspects.
• Environmental Objective-is an over all environmental goal arising
from the policy statement that an organization sets for itself and
which is quantified when practical.
• Environmental Target-is a detailed performance requirement that
arises from the environmental objectives.
6. Environmental Management system model
Environmental policy
Planning
Management review Implementation and
operation
Checking and corrective action
Continual Improvement
7. Requirements of ISO 14001
It has 6 parts.
• It is similar to Occupational Health and Safety Assessment
series(OHSAS).
4.1 General requirements
The organization shall establish, maintain and continually improve an
environmental management system.
• It includes planning, implementation, check and corrective action.
• It define the scope of the environment management system.
• The document is available to the public.
• It is easy to follow and easy to understand.
8. 4.2 Environmental policy
The organization’s policy statement is based on mission and values.
• The policy must ensure that the management is committed to continual
improvement and prevention of pollution.
• The policy must be documented, implemented and maintained and it also
communicated to all employees.
• Maintaining means dynamic, document is available in electronic format
and implementation means practice.
4.3 Planning
It has three elements.
4.3.1 Environmental Aspects
• The relationship among environmental aspects, environmental impacts and
the standard.
9. • Issue of ISO 14004
• What are the environmental aspects of the organization activities, products and
services.
• How frequently will the situation arise that could lead to the impact.
4.3.2 Legal and other requirements
The standard requires the organization to have a procedure to identify and access to all
legal requirements.
• Requirements include industry code of practice, contracts, agreements with public
atrocities , etc.
• Resources include local, state, federal governments and external databases.
4.3.3 Objectives, targets and Programs
• Maintain objective and target at relevant function and level.
Example
1.Objective for a paper manufacturer would be “reduce tree cutting” to reduce pollution.
2.Reduce waste and depletion of resources.
3.Reduce or eliminate the release of pollutants in the environment.
10. 4.4 Implementation and operation
It contain seven elements.
4.4.1 Resources, Roles , Responsibility and authority
Roles, responsibilities and authorities shall be defined , documented
and communicated for all personnel.
• Organization chart is used to follow flow of authority.
• A management representative must be appointed and given the
authority.
• Management representative should periodically report the status.
4.4.2 Training, awareness and competency
Training needs should be evaluated on a regular basis.
11. • There are two types of training. They are general awareness and
competency.
• General awareness includes the importance of conformance to EMS.
• Competency represents the requirements for a person performing tasks.
4.4.3 Communication
A key aspect of any management program is communication with all
stakeholders.
• The standard requires that procedures should be established and
maintained for internal communication.
Procedure
• Demonstrate management’s commitment to the environment and EMS.
• Handle concerns and questions about environmental aspects of the
organization’s activities product and services.
12. 4.4.4 Environmental Management system documentation
The organization shall establish and maintain information in paper or
electronic form.
• The organization must show that it is actually practising what the
documentation states(Say what you do and do what you say).
4.4.5 Document control
This element requires that procedures be established and maintained to
control all EMS documents.
• Examples are blue print, test procedures, work instructions , EMS manual.
• Documents shall be legible, dated, readily identifiable and easily located.
• The best document control system is the one that needs of the
organization and ISO 14000.
14. • Level 1:Policy level
It is the EMS manual that includes the environmental policy.
• Level 2:Procedure level
It describes what the organization does to meet level 1 policies.
• Level 3:Practice level
It describes the work instructions by which operating personnel
perform their tasks.
• Level 4: Proof level
It represent the objective evidence or proof of the performance of the
EMS in the form of forms, records, drawings.
15. 4.4.6 Operational control
This element aligns operations and activities including subcontractors with
the environmental aspects, environmental policy.
Procedure
• Cover Situations- deviation from policy and objectives .
• Stipulate operating criteria- Details and instruction of equipment,
materials required and process settings.
• Cover the identification of environmental aspects of goods and services.
4.4.7 Emergency preparedness and response
Procedures are required to identify potential accidents and emergency
situation.
• Procedures should prevent or mitigate environmental impact of accident.
16. Emergency plan
Emergency plans should include
• Emergency organization and responsibilities of key personnel.
• Actions to be taken for different types of emergencies.
4.5 Checking and corrective action
It includes five elements.
4.5.1 Monitoring and measuring
It assess the performance in meeting environmental operations and
targets.
• Example: energy consumed(kilowatts, gas/therms).
17. 4.5.2 Evaluation of compliance
The organization is required to establish, implement and maintain
procedure for periodically evaluating compliance with applicable legal
and other requirements.
4.5.3 Non conformance and corrective and preventative action
Procedures are required to define responsibility and authority for
• Handling and investigating non-conformities.
• Prevent non-conformities
Process should include
• Identify the root cause of non conformance
18. 4.5.4 Records
Procedures are required for identification , maintenance and disposition of
environmental records such as training, audits, reviews.
• It should be adapted to ISO 14000.
4.5.5 EMS audit
The purpose of the audit is to ensure that the EMS conforms to plans and it
is being properly implemented.
• Internal or self audit and external audit information should be distributed.
4.6 Management review
It is required to ensure the continuing suitability and effectiveness of the
QMS. Review should include
• Review of environmental objectives and targets.
• Evaluation of the effectiveness of the EMS’s elements.
19. Benefits of EMS
• Ems benefits can be categorized as global and organizational.
Global
There are three global benefits
• Facilitate trade and remove trade barriers.
• Improve environmental performance of the Planet, Earth.
• Build consensus that there is a need for environmental management and a
common terminology for EMS.
International standard will serve to unify countries in their approach to
labelling, environmental management and life cycle assessment and thus
help to remove trade barrier.
• ISO 14000 plays a significant role in environmental improvement
worldwide.
• ISO 9000 helps in improving quality.
20. Organizational
An organization benefits from an EMS in a number of ways as
• Meeting customer requirements , the primary reason for
organizations to become certified.
• Maintaining a good public or community relations image.
• Obtaining insurance at reasonable cost.
• Facilitating the attainment of permits and authorization.
• Improving industry or government relations.
Companies such as 3M, Ping, Ford and Xerox follows the
• Cost effective
• Enhanced Internal communication.
• Effective decision making.
21. Integrating ISO 14000 with ISO 9000
• EMS implementation is time consuming and costly.
• ISO 9001 have various advantages.
• By integrating the two systems, there will be less documentation and
lower implementation cost.
• Example
Ping , a golf equipment manufacturer was certified to both ISO 9000
and ISO 14000.
22. ISO 18001-Occupational Health and Safety
Assessment Series(OHSAS)
• It is used to facilitate integration with quality.
• This standard specifies requirements for its management system and to
develop and implement policy and objectives which take legal
requirements and information about the concerned risks.
• It is applicable to all types and sizes of an organizations.
• The overall aim is to support and promote good OHSAS practices while
balancing the socio-economic needs.
Example
• Measure pollutants in employee’s work environments.
• Record the illness at the medical clinic.
Example: Automotive Research Association of India, Pune follows ISO 9001
with ISO 14001 and OHSAS ISO 18001.
