The history of Africa is rich and diverse, spanning thousands of years. It is a continent with a complex tapestry of civilizations, kingdoms, empires, and cultures. Here is a brief overview of key periods and events in African history:Prehistoric Africa: The earliest evidence of human existence is found in Africa, with archaeological discoveries suggesting that early human ancestors originated on the continent millions of years ago. The Great Rift Valley in East Africa is known for its significant fossil finds, including those of early hominids like Australopithecus and Homo hibilas. Ancient African Civilizations: Africa was home to several advanced civilizations in ancient times. Notable among them are Ancient Egypt, known for its pharaohs, pyramids, and hieroglyphics, and the Kingdom of Kush, which existed in present-day Sudan and was heavily influenced by Egypt. Other notable ancient African civilizations include the Carthaginian Empire, the Aksumite Empire in present-day Ethiopia, and the Kingdom of Ghana in West Africa.

1. History of Africa
The history of Africa is rich and diverse, spanning thousands of years. It is a
continent with a complex tapestry of civilizations, kingdoms, empires, and cultures.
Here is a brief overview of key periods and events in African history:
Map of Africa
Prehistoric Africa: The earliest evidence of human existence is found in Africa, with
archaeological discoveries suggesting that early human ancestors originated on the
continent millions of years ago. The Great Rift Valley in East Africa is known for its
significant fossil finds, including those of early hominids like Australopithecus and
Homo hibilas.

2. Prehistoric Africa
Ancient African Civilizations: Africa was home to several advanced
civilizations in ancient times. Notable among them are Ancient Egypt, known for its
pharaohs, pyramids, and hieroglyphics, and the Kingdom of Kush, which existed in
present-day Sudan and was heavily influenced by Egypt. Other notable ancient
African civilizations include the Carthaginian Empire, the Aksumite Empire in
present-day Ethiopia, and the Kingdom of Ghana in West Africa.
Civilization of Africa
Trans-Saharan Trade and Empires: From around the 7th century CE, the
trans-Saharan trade routes emerged, connecting West Africa with North Africa and
the Middle East. This trade facilitated the rise of powerful empires such as the
Kingdom of Ghana, the Mali Empire, and the Songhai Empire. These empires
controlled lucrative trade routes and amassed great wealth through the trade of gold,
salt, and other commodities.

3. Trans Saharan Trade
Swahili Coast and Indian Ocean Trade: The Swahili Coast, along the eastern shores
of Africa, became a hub of trade between the African interior, the Arab world, Persia,
India, and even China. City-states such as….
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