2. Outline
• Introduction
• Classification of birds
• General Characteristics of Birds
• Eagle Birds (Introcution,classification,Features)
• Falcon Birds (Introcution,classification,Features)
• Vulture Birds (Introcution,classification,Features)
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3. Introduction
• Birds belong to the class Aves, There are more than
11,000 bird species that have been identified and
described today.
• And is the largest class of terrestrial vertebrates.
• Among living vertebrates, only birds and bats can fly.
• Many species of birds are economically important as
food for human consumption and raw material in
manufacturing, with domesticated and undomesticated
birds being important sources of eggs, meat, and
feathers. Songbirds, parrots, and other species are
popular as pets.
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5. Characteristic of birds
• Feathers
• Wings
• Beak/Bill
• Internal fertilization
• Oviparous
• Lightweight skeleton
• Molting
• Reproduction (Monogamous or Polygamous)
• The laying of hard-shelled eggs
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6. Characteristic of birds
Feathers
Feathers; Made of keratin
Function
• Form flight surfaces that provide lift and aid
steering
• Prevent excessive heat loss
• Incubation
• Courtship
• Water proofing
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8. Characteristic of birds
Wings
A bird’s forelimbs are modified into a pair of wings.
Feathers cover most of the surface area of the wing.
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9. Characteristic of birds
Lightweight
• Rigid skeleton. Many of the bones are thin-walled
and hollow, making them lighter than the bones of
nonflying animals.
• Air sacs from the respiratory system penetrate some
of the bones.
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10. Characteristic of birds
Endothermic metabolism
A bird’s rapid metabolism supplies the energy needed
for flight. Birds maintain a high body temperature of
40–41°C.
Unique respiratory system
A rapid metabolism requires an abundant supply of
oxygen, and birds have the most efficient respiratory
system of any terrestrial vertebrates.
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11. Eagle
The people have seen eagles as a symbol of beauty,
bravery, courage, honour, pride, determination, and
grace.
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12. Eagle
• Eagle is the common name for many large birds of
prey (of the family Accipitridae).
• Most of the 60 species of eagle are from Eurasia and
Africa.
• Outside this area, just 14 species can be found—2 in
North America, 9 in Central and South America, and
3 in Australia.
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14. Characteristic of Eagle
• Eagles are large, powerfully-built birds of prey, with
heavy heads and beaks.
• have very large hooked beaks for ripping flesh from their
prey, strong, muscular legs, and powerful talons
• Eagles' eyes are extremely powerful. whose eyes are more
than two times larger than the human eye, has a visual
acuity up to 8 times that of humans.
• The female of all known species of eagles is larger than
the male.
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15. Characteristic of Eagle
• Eagles fly alone at high altitude, No other bird can go to the
height of the eagle ( Eagles fly with eagles) .
• Eagles have strong vision. They have the ability to focus on
something up to five kilometers away.
• Eagles do not eat dead things. They feed only on fresh prey.
• Eagles love the storm.The eagle uses the storm's winds to lift it
higher.
• When an Eagle grows old, his feathers become weak and
cannot take him as fast as he should.
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16. habitat:
• The eagles are generally distributed in all types of
habitats and nearly all parts of the world.
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17. Groups:
• Eagles are often informally divided into four groups:
• (1) Fish eagles : Sea eagles or fish eagles take fish as a large part of
their diets, either fresh or as carrion.
• (2) Booted eagles : Booted eagles or "true eagles" have feathered
tarsi (lower legs).
• (3) Snake eagles : Snake or serpent eagles are, as the name suggests,
adapted to hunting reptiles.
• (4) Harpy eagles :
• Harpy eagles or "giant forest eagles" are large eagles that inhabit
tropical forests.
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20. Vuluters
• Vultures are medium to
large-sized scavenging
birds.
• They feed mostly on
the carcasses of dead
animals.
• About 23 extant
species.
• Live predominantly
in the tropics and
subtropics
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22. New World Vulture
• Belong to the
family Cathartidae.
• 7 species.
• Mostly found in warm
and temperate areas of
the Americas
• They are able to smell
dead animals from
great heights.
• They have weak flat
feet for grasping.
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23. Old World vultures
• belong to the
family Accipitridae.
• 16 species
• found in Africa, Asia,
and Europe.
• They find carcasses
exclusively by sight.
• They have strong
feet.
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24. Feeding
• Vultures are scavengers.
• Vulture stomach acid is
exceptionally corrosive
(PH=1.0).
• New World vultures
often vomit when
threatened or
approached.
• New World vultures
also urinate straight
down their legs.
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26. Introduction to Falcon
• The Falcon is one of the most specialize and unique
birds,
• It has many characteristics that make it different from
other species of birds and even all other living things,
• Today we will present some or most of these features
and differences
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28. Characteristic of Falcon
1. Falcons are fast Really fast
Peregrine falcons have been clocked at reaching speeds of
242 miles per hour while diving for prey, making them
the fastest recorded animal ever.
2. Falcons mate for life.
There's no playing around for these birds: Falcons devote
themselves to one partner for their reproductive years.
3. They can see better than you.
Scientists estimate that falcon vision is eight times better
than humans'. This allows the birds to spot small prey
from nearly two miles away, and then swoop down
precisely to catch it.
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29. Characteristic of Falcon
4. Amazing falcon can keep trackof three moving objects
at same time.
5. Falcons use their beaks as weapons. Unlike other
birds that only use sharp talons on their feet kill prey,
falcons also have a sharp tooth at the end of their beak that
they can use to quickly sever necks.
6. The life span of falcon in the
wild is up to 15_17 years.
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30. Characteristic of Falcon
• 7.Biometrics include: the female gyrfalcon stands
about 24 in (61 cm)
• tall and the male about 22 in (56 cm) tall. The female
has a wingspan ranging between 4-5 ft (1.2-1.5 m) and
weighs 3-4 p (1.4-2 kg).
• The male weighs 2-3 p (0.9-1.4 kg)
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31. Characteristic of Falcon
8. There are three colour phases of gyrfalcons: light,
gray or dark, with the female having heavier gray
markings.
9. long pointed wings
of all falcons, but their
wingtips do not extend
beyond the end of the
tail when perched.
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32. Characteristic of Falcon
10. The Peregine Falcon has "nosecones" that serve to
slow down the air entering it's nose at high speed. The
design of the SR-71 engines also incorporated similar
features on the inlets (which also retracted!)
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